National Assessment of First Nations Water and Wastewater Systems - Ontario Regional Roll-Up Report

Prepared By: Neegan Burnside Ltd.
Prepared for: Department of Indian and Northern Affairs Canada
Date: January 2011
File No: FGY163080.4

PDF Version (3.6 Mb, 114 Pages)

Statement of Qualifications and Limitations for Regional Roll-Up Reports

This regional roll-up report has been prepared by Neegan Burnside Ltd. and a team of subconsultants (Consultant) for the benefit of Indian and Northern Affairs Canada (Client). Regional summary reports have been prepared for the 8 regions, to facilitate planning and budgeting on both a regional and national level to address water and wastewater system deficiencies and needs.

The material contained in this Regional Roll-Up report is:

  • preliminary in nature, to allow for high level budgetary and risk planning to be completed by the Client on a national level.
  • based on a compilation of the data and findings from the individual community reports prepared and issued for a specific region.
  • not proposing to identify the preferred solution to address deficiencies for each community. Rather this report will identify possible solution(s) and probable preliminary costs associated with solution(s) presented in greater detail in the community reports. Community specific studies including more detailed evaluation will be required to identify both preferred solutions and final costs.
  • based on existing conditions observed by, or reported to the Consultant. This assessment does not wholly eliminate uncertainty regarding the potential for costs, hazards or losses in connection with a facility. Conditions existing but not recorded were not apparent given the level of study undertaken.
  • to be read in the context of its entirety.
  • not to be used for any purpose other than that agreed to with the Client. Any use which a third party makes of this report, or any reliance on or decisions to be made based on it, are the responsibility of such third parties. Any other user specifically denies any right to claims against the Consultant, Sub-Consultants, their Officers, Agents and Employees.

Risk as it pertains to health and safety issues and building code compliance is based upon hazards readily identifiable during a simple walk through of the water and wastewater facilities, and does not constitute a comprehensive assessment with regard to health and safety regulations and or building code regulations.

The Consultant accepts no responsibility for any decisions made or actions taken as a result of this report.

1.0  Introduction

The Government of Canada is committed to providing safe, clean drinking water in all First Nations communities, and to ensuring that wastewater services in all First Nations communities meet acceptable effluent quality standards. As part of this commitment, the Government announced the First Nations Water and Wastewater Action Plan (FNWWAP). The plan funds the construction and renovation of water and wastewater facilities, operator training, and public health activities related to water and wastewater on reserves. It also provided for a national, independent assessment – The National Assessment of First Nations Water and Wastewater Systems – which will inform the Government's future, long-term investment strategy. This assessment was also recommended by the Senate Standing Committee on Aboriginal Peoples.

The purpose of the National Assessment is to define the current deficiencies and the operational needs of water and wastewater systems, identify the long-term water and wastewater needs of each community and recommend sustainable, long-term infrastructure development strategies.

The objectives of the National Assessment are to:

This assessment involved collecting background data and information about each community, undertaking a site visit, and preparing individual community reports for each participating First Nation. Neegan Burnside and its sub-consultants conducted an assessment for each of the eight regions. This report summarizes the findings for the Ontario region.

1.1 Site Visits

Neegan Burnside Ltd. and its sub-consultants, R.J. Burnside & Associates Limited, XCG Consultants Ltd., and KGS Group, made site visits in the Ontario region during September and October, 2009, and during May through September, 2010. Each visit included at least two team members. In addition to the consultant staff, additional participants including the Circuit Rider Trainer (CRT), INAC Representative, Environmental Health Officer (EHO) from Health Canada and Tribal Council Representative were invited to attend the site visits. Each community report identifies the additional participants who were able to attend.

After confirming the various components that the First Nation uses to provide water and wastewater services to the community (i.e. number and types of systems, piping, individual systems, etc.) along with population and future servicing needs (planned development and population growth), an assessment was carried out of the water and wastewater systems, as well as 5% of the individual systems.

1.2 Reporting

Individual community reports have been prepared for each First Nation. In cases where the First Nation consists of multiple communities that are located in geographically distinct areas, a separate report was prepared for each community. In the Ontario Region, 120 of 121 First Nations (99%) with water/wastewater assets participated in the study, which resulted in the preparation of 122 individual community reports. Figure 1.1 indicates the location of each First Nation visited as a part of this study.

The reports include an assessment of existing communal and individual systems, identification of required upgrades to meet departmental, federal and provincial protocols and guidelines, and an assessment of existing servicing of the community along with projections of population and water and wastewater flows for future servicing for the 10 year period. Each report includes the projected costs for the recommendations to meet departmental protocol, federal and provincial guidelines, and an evaluation of servicing alternatives along with life cycle costing for each feasible alternative.

The appendices of each report also include an annual water inspection, a risk evaluation, and an Asset Condition and Reporting System inspection for each system.

Figure 1.1
Figure 1.1 - Ontario First Nations Visited
Text Description of Figure 1.1 - Ontario First Nations Visited

This image is a map of the location of each First Nations community that Neegan Burnside Ltd. visited in Ontario as part of the National Assessment of Water and Wastewater in First Nations Communities. Each site visit is marked by a green dot.

2.0  Regional Overview

The Ontario region includes 121 First Nations with water and wastewater assets. 120 of these First Nations participated in the National Assessment. There are 158 water systems (146 First Nation systems and 12 Municipal Type Agreements) and 77 wastewater systems (71 First Nation systems and 6 Municipal Type Agreements).

A water or wastewater system considered a First Nation system, consists of INAC-funded assets, and serves five or more residences or public facilities. A Municipal Type Agreement (MTA), on the other hand, is when First Nations are supplied with treated water from or send their wastewater to a nearby municipality or neighbouring First Nation or corporate entity as outlined in a formal agreement between the two parties.

The First Nation community population ranges from 23 to 11,449 people, and household sizes range from 1.5 to 7.2 people per unit (ppu). The total number of dwellings is 23,732 and the average household size in the Ontario region is 3.9 ppu.

2.1 Water Servicing

There are a total of 158 water systems serving 115 First Nations. The remaining five First Nations are serviced solely by individual water supplies.

For water treatment, the 158 systems include:

  • 12 systems that receive their water supply through a Municipal Type Agreement (MTA)
  • 39 groundwater systems
  • 13 GUDI (groundwater under the direct influence of surface water) systems
  • 94 surface water systems.

For water distribution, the 158 systems include:

  • 3 distribution systems that are maintained through a Municipal Type Agreement (MTA)
  • 155 distribution systems that are maintained by the First Nation.

The following summarizes the level of service being provided to the homes within the Ontario region:

  • 69% of the homes (16,354) are piped
  • 9% of the homes (2,078) are on truck delivery
  • 19% of the homes (4,468) are serviced by individual wells
  • 3% of the homes (832) are reported to have no water service.

For the purposes of the assessment, homes without water service are typically those without plumbing within the house.

Table 2.1, below, provides an overview of the water systems by system classification, source type, treatment type and storage type.

In general, the treatment system classification reflects the complexity of the treatment process. Treatment systems labeled as "Small System" and "None" typically represent systems with either disinfection only or no treatment. The distribution classification reflects the population of the community being serviced. The classification follows Ontario's regulations.

Ontario has recently modified the licensing of systems and the certification of operators. First Nation water systems have been evaluated as "year round municipal residential" systems. Ontario recognizes three classes of sub-system: Distribution, Distribution and Supply, and Water Treatment, each of which may be Class I,II,III or IV, and the province requires operators to be certified to the appropriate subsystem and class. The mapping of the existing treatment and distribution certifications to the three categories in the updated Ontario system is outside of the scope of this project.

Table 2.1 - Water Overview: System Classification
System Classification No. % of Total
None 3 2%
Small System 24 15%
Level I 45 28%
Level II 62 39%
Level III 12 8%
MTA 12 8%

Table 2.1 - Water Overview: Source Type
Source Type No. % of Total
Groundwater 39 25%
Surface Water 94 59%
GroundwaterGUDI 13 8%
MTA 12 8%

Table 2.1 - Water Overview: Storage
1Storage No. % of Total
None 47 30%
Elevated 14 9%
Standpipe 7 4%
Grade level 10 6%
Underground 80 51%

Table 2.1 - Water Overview: Treatment Type
Treatment Type No. % of Total
None - Direct Use 4 2%
Disinfection Only 28 18%
Greensand Filtration 6 4%
Slow Sand 19 12%
Conventional 46 29%
Membrane Filtration 43 27%
MTA 12 8%

2.2 Wastewater Servicing

There are a total of 77 wastewater systems serving 67 First Nations. The remaining 53 First Nations are serviced solely by individual wastewater systems.

For wastewater treatment, the 77 systems include:

  • 6 systems are provided treatment through a Municipal Type Agreement (MTA)
  • 71 First Nation wastewater treatment systems, consisting of 38 systems that use either facultative or aerated lagoons, 27 systems that use a mechanical plant, 4 communal septic systems and 2 other treatment type systems.

For wastewater collection, the 77 systems include:

  • 2 wastewater collection systems that are maintained through a Municipal Type Agreement (MTA)
  • 75 wastewater collection systems that are maintained by the First Nation.

The following is a summary of the level of service being provided to the homes within the Ontario region:

  • 35% of the homes (8,230) are piped
  • 5% of the homes (1,276) are on truck haul
  • 57% of the homes (13,537) are serviced by individual wastewater systems
  • 3% of the homes (689) are reported to have no service.

The following table provides an overview of the wastewater systems by system classification and treatment type:

Table 2.2 - Wastewater Overview: System Classification
System Classification No. % of Total
Small System 7 9%
Level I 46 60%
Level II 17 22%
Level III 1 1%
MTA 6 8%

Table 2.2 - Wastewater Overview: Treatment Type
Treatment Type No. % of Total
Aerated Lagoon 1 1%
Facultative Lagoon 37 48%
Mechanical Treatment 27 35%
MTA 6 8%
Other 2 3%
Septic System 4 5%

3.0  Preliminary Results and Trends

3.1  Per Capita Consumption and Plant Capacity

For communal water systems, the average per capita demand ranges from 31 L/p/d to 778 L/p/d, with an average per capita demand of approximately 298 L/p/d.Footnote 1

Historical flow records are not available for approximately 50% of the First Nations with communal water systems, including five of the 12 systems serviced by a Municipal Type Agreement. For these First Nations, an average per capita flow rate of 275 to 325 L/p/d was used to evaluate the water systems.

The distribution of per capita flow is outlined in Table 3.1.

Table 3.1 - Range of Per Capita Water Usage Rates
  No. of systems 2009
Less than 250 L/c/d 40
250 L/c/d to 375 L/c/d 101
Greater than 375 L/c/d 17

There is no historical wastewater flow data available for most of these systems. Therefore, to evaluate the ability of the existing infrastructure to meet the current and projected needs, an average daily flow was calculated based on the actual or assumed per capita water consumption, plus an infiltration allowance of 90 L/c/d for piped servicing.

The following figure provides a summary of the treatment capacity for the water and wastewater systems:

  • over capacity: the existing system is unable to meet the current needs
  • at capacity: the existing system is able to meet the current needs
  • available capacity: the existing system has sufficient capacity to meet more than the current needs
  • not enough data: insufficient data to determine the actual system capacity.
Figure 3.1 - Water and Wastewater Treatment Capacities
Figure 3.1 - Water and Wastewater Treatment Capacities
Text Description of Figure 3.1 - Water and Wastewater Treatment Capacities

This graph illustrates the treatment capacities of water and wastewater systems for First Nations communities in Ontario. There are four categories: over capacity; at capacity; available capacity; and not enough data.

Water Systems for First Nations Communities in Ontario

  • 24 water systems (or 15.2 percent of the total number of systems) are operating over their estimated capacities.
  • 8 water systems (or 5.1 percent of the total number of systems) are operating at their estimated capacities.
  • 126 water systems (or 79.7 percent of the total number of systems) have available capacity.

Wastewater Systems for First Nations Communities in Ontario

  • 12 wastewater systems (or 15.58 percent of the total number of systems) are operating over their estimated capacities.
  • 8 wastewater systems (or 10.39 percent of the total number of systems) are operating at their estimated capacities.
  • 52 wastewater systems (or 67.53 percent of the total number of systems) have available capacity.
  • There is not enough data to assess the capacities of 5 wastewater systems (or 6.49 percent of the total number of systems.

The data shows that 32 water systems and 20 wastewater systems are operating at or beyond their estimated capacities. Two of these water systems have per capita demands in excess of 450 L/c/d.

3.2  Distribution and Collection

The household size for the 120 First Nations ranges from 1.5 to 7.2 people per unit (ppu), with an average of 3.9 ppu.Footnote 2 The total number of piped connections in the region is 16,354 for water and 8,230 for wastewater. The average length per connection of watermain in the region is approximately 52 m. The average length per connection of sewermain in the region is approximately 30 m.

As the table and the figures below illustrate, there is no strong correlation between the size of the community and the length of pipe per connection. The length of the watermain per connection is greater than the length of the sanitary main per connection. This difference is likely because some communities provide water service only, so the homes are farther apart to allow for the installation of private septic systems. In some cases, the data provided for watermains includes dedicated transmission main lengths (no service connections) and non-distribution mains (i.e. intake pipes, raw water pipes). As a result, the average length per connection is inflated, particularly for smaller communities where the additional pipe length is spread over a smaller number of connections. The tables and figures include only those communities for which suitable data was available.

The table below indicates the number of water and wastewater systems that have pipe lengths above and below 30 m/connection. It should be noted that this information was not available for all of the systems.

Table 3.2 - Average Water Distribution and Wastewater Collection Pipe Lengths
  Watermain Sewer
Average m/connection 52 30
No. of systems with pipe lengths above 30 m/connection 113 34
No. of systems with pipe lengths below 30 m/connection 22 29
Figure 3.2 - Water Distribution: Average Pipe Length per Connection
Figure 3.2 - Water Distribution: Average Pipe Length per Connection
Text Description of Figure 3.2 - Water Distribution: Average Pipe Length per Connection

This scatterplot graph illustrates the relationship between the length per connection of water distribution pipes and the population size of the community that is being serviced for First Nations communities in Ontario.

The average length per connection for water distribution pipes (watermains) is 52 meters per connection. The vast majority of water systems (113) have water distribution pipe lengths above 30 meters per connection. Most of the communities being serviced have a population of less than 1000 people.

Figure 3.3 - Wastewater Collection: Average Pipe Length per Connection
Figure 3.3 - Wastewater Collection: Average Pipe Length per Connection
Text Description of Figure 3.3 - Wastewater Collection: Average Pipe Length per Connection

This scatterplot graph illustrates the relationship between the length per connection of wastewater collection pipes and the population size of the community that is being serviced for First Nations communities in Ontario.

The average length per connection for wastewater collection (sewer) pipes is 30 meters per connection. A small majority of systems (34) have pipe lengths that are above 30 meters per connection. The majority of communities being serviced have a population of less than 1000 people.

3.3  Water Risk Evaluation

A risk assessment has been completed for each water system according to the INAC Risk Level Evaluation Guidelines. Each facility is ranked in risk according to the following categories: Water Source, Design, Operation (and Maintenance), Reporting and Operators. The risk levels of all five categories are then used to determine the overall risk for the system.

Each of the five risk categories, as well as the overall risk level of the entire system, is ranked numerically from 1 to 10. Low, medium and high risks are defined as follows:

  • Low Risk (1.0 to 4.0): These are systems that operate with minor deficiencies. Low-risk systems usually meet the water quality parameters that are specified by the appropriate Canadian Guidelines for drinking water (in particular, the Guidelines for Canadian Drinking Water Quality (GCDWQ).
  • Medium Risk (4.1 to 7.0): These are systems with deficiencies, which — individually or combined—pose a medium risk to the quality of water and to human health. These systems do not generally require immediate action, but the deficiencies should be corrected to avoid future problems.
  • High Risk (7.1 to 10.0): These are systems with major deficiencies, which— individually or combined—pose a high risk to the quality of water. These deficiencies may lead to potential health and safety or environmental concerns. They could also result in water quality advisories against drinking the water (such as, but not limited to, boil water advisories), repetitive non-compliance with guidelines, and inadequate water supplies. Once systems are classified under this category, regions and First Nations must take immediate corrective action to minimize or eliminate deficiencies.

Regional Risk Summary:

Of the 158 water systems inspected:

  • 72 are categorized as high overall risk
  • 61 are categorized as medium overall risk
  • 25 are categorized as low overall risk.

The 25 Low-risk systems include 7 groundwater systems, 7 Municipal Type Agreement (MTA) systems, and 11 surface water systems.

Appendix E.1 provides a table summarizing the correlation between component risk and overall risk. In general, MTA systems are more likely to have a lower overall risk, whereas groundwater under the influence of surface water (GUDI) systems and surface water systems are more likely to be higher risk.

Figure 3.4 - Provides a geographical representation of the final risk for the water systems that were inspected
Figure 3.4 - Provides a geographical representation of the final risk for the water systems that were inspected
Text Description of Figure 3.4 - Provides a geographical representation of the final risk for the water systems that were inspected

This image provides a map of the location of high -, medium -, and low-risk water systems in First Nations communities in Ontario. High-risk systems are identified with a red dot, medium-risk systems are identified with a yellow dot, and low-risk systems are identified with a green dot.

There is also a pie chart that illustrates the number and percentage of water systems that are high, medium, and low risk.

There are a total of 158 water systems in First Nations communities in Ontario. The pie chart shows the following data:

  • 72 water systems are high risk, which represents 45 percent of the total number of systems.
  • 61 water systems are medium risk, which represents 39 percent of the total number of systems.
  • 25 water systems are low risk, which represents 16 percent of the total number of systems.

3.3.1 Overall System Risk by Source

The following table summarizes the overall system risk by water source. In general, it is assumed that MTA systems have a lower overall risk than other systems because they operate in accordance with provincial legislation. In the Ontario region, 54% of the GUDI systems, 48% of the surface water systems, 46% of the groundwater systems and 17% of the MTA systems were high risk systems. 58% of the MTA systems, 18% of the groundwater systems, 12% of the surface water systems, and none of the GUDI systems have a low overall risk.

Table 3.3 - Summary of Overall Risk Levels by Water Source
Overall Risk Level Groundwater GUDI Surface Water MTA Total
High 18 7 45 2 72
Medium 14 6 38 3 61
Low 7 0 11 7 25
Total 39 13 94 12 158

3.3.2 Overall System Risk by Treatment Classification

The following table summarizes the overall system risk by the classification level of the treatment system. System classification is based on a number of factors. Systems with no treatment and small systems are more likely to have higher overall risk scores than more complicated systems.

Table 3.4 - Summary of Overall Risk Levels by Treatment System Classification
Overall Risk Level None Small System Level I Level II Level III MTA Total
High 3 20 20 23 4 2 72
Medium 0 1 21 31 5 3 61
Low 0 3 4 8 3 7 25
Total 3 24 45 62 12 12 158
Figure 3.5 - Risk Profile Based on Water Treatment System Classification
Figure 3.5 - Risk Profile Based on Water Treatment System Classification
Detailed description of Figure 3.5 - Risk Profile Based on Water Treatment System Classification

This graph illustrates the risk profile of water treatment systems in Ontario by treatment system classification. It illustrates what percentage of each type of system is high, medium and low risk. It also shows the mean overall risk level by treatment system classification.

There are six treatment system classifications:

  • None
  • Small System
  • Level I
  • Level II
  • Level III
  • MTA

None

  • The mean overall risk for systems classified as "None" is 8.23.
  • 100 percent of the systems classified as "None" have a high overall risk.

Small Systems

  • The mean overall risk for Small Systems is 7.28.
  • 83 percent of the Small Systems have a high overall risk; 4 percent of the Small Systems have a medium overall risk; and 13 percent of the Small Systems have a low overall risk.

Level I Systems

  • The mean overall risk for Level I Systems is 6.58.
  • 44 percent of the Level I Systems have a high overall risk; 47 percent of the Level I Systems have a medium overall risk; and 9 percent of the Level I Systems have a low overall risk.

Level II Systems

  • The mean overall risk for Level II Systems is 6.03.
  • 37 percent of the Level II Systems have a high overall risk; 50 percent of the Level II Systems have a medium overall risk; and 13 percent of the Level II Systems have a low overall risk.

Level III Systems

  • The mean overall risk for Level III Systems is 5.69.
  • 33 percent of the Level III Systems have a high overall risk; 42 percent of the Level III Systems have a medium overall risk; and 25 percent of the Level III Systems have a low overall risk.

MTA (Municipal Type Agreement) Systems

  • The mean overall risk for MTA (Municipal Type Agreement) systems is 4.12.
  • 17 percent of MTA (Municipal Type Agreement) Systems have a high overall risk; 25 percent of MTA (Municipal Type Agreement) Systems have a medium overall risk; and 58 percent of MTA (Municipal Type Agreement) Systems have a low overall risk.

3.3.3 Overall Risk by Number of Connections

For the Ontario region, systems serving more than 100 connections have a fairly even distribution of high-, medium- and low-risk systems. Systems serving less than 100 connections are more likely to have a high- or medium-overall risk. The most likely reason for the higher risk rating for smaller systems includes:

  • inadequate treatment for the source water
  • untrained operators
  • no backup operators
  • poor reporting practices.

The above factors seem to be more prevalent in smaller systems.

3.3.4 Component Risks: Water

The overall risk is comprised of five component risks: water source, design, operation, reporting and operator. Each of these component risk factors is discussed below.

Figure 3.6 - Water: Risk Profile Based on Risk Components
Figure 3.6 - Water: Risk Profile Based on Risk Components
Text Description of Figure 3.6 - Water: Risk Profile Based on Risk Components

This graph illustrates the mean risk score associated with each type of risk component for all water systems (except Municipal Type Agreement Systems) in First Nations communities in Ontario.

  • The overall risk associated with the source component is 7.5.
  • The overall risk associated with the design component is 5.4.
  • The overall risk associated with the operation component is 6.9.
  • The overall risk associated with the reporting component is 7.0.
  • The overall risk associated with the operator component is 3.1.
Data for Figure 3.6 - Water: Risk Profile Based on Risk Components
  Source Design Operation Reporting Operator
Risk 7.5 5.4 6.9 7.0 3.1
Minimum 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0
Maximum 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0
Std. Dev. 2.3 2.7 2.4 3.3 2.6

3.3.5 Component Risk - Water: Source

The risk associated with the source has a mean score of 7.5. The mean source risk score by type of source is:

  • groundwater at 6.2
  • groundwater under the direct influence of surface water (GUDI) at 9.5
  • surface water at 8.6
  • Municipal Type Agreement (MTA) at 1.9.

The data indicates that systems that rely on surface water or groundwater under the direct influence of surface water (GUDI) water typically have a higher component risk score than systems that rely on groundwater. The risk formula automatically assigns a higher base risk to these types of systems.

The following figure identifies the drivers that contribute to source risk scores.

Figure 3.7 - Source Risk Drivers
Figure 3.7 - Source Risk Drivers
Text Description of Figure 3.7 - Source Risk Drivers

This graph identifies the frequency of the main drivers that contribute to water source risk in First Nations communities in Ontario. There are four key risk drivers: No Source Water Protection Plan; Deterioration of Water Quality Over Time; Risk of Contamination; and Insufficient Capacity to Meet Future Requirements.

  • 89 percent of water systems in First Nations communities in Ontario do not have a Source Water Protection Plan.
  • 12 percent of water systems in First Nations communities in Ontario have experienced the deterioration of water quality over time.
  • There is a risk of contamination for 92 percent of the water systems in First Nations communities in Ontario.
  • 32 percent of water systems in First Nations communities in Ontario have insufficient capacity to meet future requirements.

3.3.6 Component Risk - Water: Design

The risk associated with the design has a mean score of 5.4. The mean design risk score by type of source is:

  • groundwater at 5.3
  • groundwater under the direct influence of surface water (GUDI) at 7.2
  • surface water at 5.5
  • Municipal Type Agreement (MTA) at 3.2.

The higher design risk for the GUDI sources is associated with the relatively recent requirement for GUDI sources to meet treatment levels equivalent to those required for surface water. If the system was developed prior to this change, as a groundwater source, rather than GUDI, then it would not provide the required level of treatment. Of the 13 GUDI systems, 1 has direct use of raw water, 2 are equipped with disinfection only, and 2 additional systems do not have adequate filtration. The remaining systems use cartridge, granular media or membrane filtration, and their effectiveness varies.

As part of the multi-barrier approach to water treatment, chlorination is now required for all water systems. Typically, a groundwater system has an increased design risk if it does not have a disinfection system in place, or if there is insufficient contact time to ensure that the chlorination process is adequate.

There are several key drivers of the region's design risk scores, including:

  • failure to meet the Guidelines for Canadian Drinking Water Quality (GCDWQ)
  • exceeding the GCDWQ Maximum Acceptable Concentration (MAC) for bacteria
  • no disinfection system in place or a disinfection system that is not being used
  • no appropriate treatment in place to meet INAC's Protocol requirements
  • problems with system reliability
  • systems approaching or exceeding design capacity
  • inappropriate waste management.
Figure 3.8 - Design Risk Drivers
Figure 3.8 - Design Risk Drivers
Text Description of Figure 3.8 - Design Risk Drivers

This graph identifies the frequency of the main drivers that contribute to the design risk for water systems in First Nations communities in Ontario.

There are eight key risk drivers:

  • Failure to Meet Bacteriologial MAC (Maximum Allowable Concentration) due to Design;
  • Disinfection System Not in Place;
  • Failure to Meet GCDWQ (Guidelines for Canadian Drinking Water Quality) due to Design;
  • Inappropriate Treatment Processes;
  • Poor System Reliability;
  • No Design Flexibility;
  • Exceeds 75 percent Capacity; and
  • Inappropriate Waste Management.

The risk drivers are in red and green. The risk drivers in red result in the entire water system being given a high-risk score, regardless of all the other component scores. Failure to Meet Bacteriological MAC (Maximum Allowable Concentration) due to Design is the only risk driver in red. The rest of the risk drivers are in green.

  • 19 percent of the water systems in First Nations communities in Ontario failed to meet the maximum acceptable concentration (MAC) of bacteria due to design. As a result, these systems were given a high-risk score, regardless of all the other component scores.
  • 3 percent of the water systems in First Nations communities in Ontario do not have a disinfection system in place.
  • 43 percent of the water systems in First Nations communities in Ontario failed to meet the Guidelines for Canadian Drinking Water Quality (GCDWQ) due to design.
  • 43 percent of the water systems in First Nations communities in Ontario have inappropriate treatment processes.
  • 35 percent of the water systems in First Nations communities in Ontario have poor system reliability.
  • 42 percent of the water systems in First Nations communities in Ontario have no design flexibility.
  • 38 percent of the water systems in First Nations communities in Ontario exceed 75 percent of their system capacity.
  • 36 percent of the water systems in First Nations communities in Ontario have inappropriate waste management.

It should be noted that the design risk drivers in red result in the entire water system being given a high risk score, regardless of all of the other component risk scores.

3.3.7 Component Risk - Water: Operation

The risk associated with operation has a mean score of 6.9. The mean operation risk score by type of source is:

  • groundwater at 7.2
  • groundwater under the direct influence of surface water (GUDI) at 7.3
  • surface water at 7.0
  • Municipal Type Agreement (MTA) at 5.3.

Areas that increased risk include operators not maintaining records, operators not having or not using approved Operation & Maintenance manuals, and operators not scheduling and performing maintenance activities. Increased effort focused on these areas would result in lowering both the component and overall risk scores.

There are several key drivers of the region's operation risk scores, including:

  • failure to meet the Guidelines for Canadian Drinking Water Quality (GCDWQ)
  • exceeding the GCDWQ Maximum Acceptable Concentration (MAC) for bacteria
  • maintenance logs being inadequately maintained
  • lack of general system maintenance
  • Emergency Response Plan not in place or not in use
  • no Operation & Maintenance manual or Operation & Maintenance manual not being used.
Figure 3.9 - Operations Risk Drivers
Figure 3.9 - Operations Risk Drivers
Text Description of Figure 3.9 - Operations Risk Drivers

This graph identifies the frequency of the main risk drivers that contribute to the operation risk for water systems in First Nations communities in Ontario.

There are 7 key risk drivers:

  • Failure to Meet Bacteriological MAC (Maximum Allowable Concentration) Due to Operations;
  • Failure to Meet the Guidelines for Canadian Drinking Water Quality (GCDWQ) Due to Operations;
  • Inadequate Operation Logs;
  • Inadequate Maintenance Logs;
  • Maintenance Not Adequately Performed;
  • Emergency Response Plan Not Available for Use; and
  • Operation and Maintenance (O & M) Manual Not Available or Not in Use.

Risk drivers are in red and green. The risk drivers in red result in the entire water system being given a high-risk score, regardless of all the other component scores. Failure to Meet Bacteriological Maximum Allowable Concentration (MAC) due to Operations is the only risk driver in red. The rest of the risk drivers are in green.

  • 21 percent of the water systems in First Nations communities in Ontario failed to meet the maximum allowable concentration (MAC) of bacteria due to operations. As a result, these systems were automatically assigned high-risk scores, regardless of all the other component scores.
  • 53 percent of the water systems in First Nations communities in Ontario failed to meet the Guidelines for Canadian Drinking Water Quality (GCDWQ) due to the operations.
  • 10 percent of the water systems in First Nations communities in Ontario have inadequate operation logs.
  • 49 percent of the water systems in First Nations communities in Ontario have inadequate maintenance logs.
  • Maintenance is not being adequately performed for 34 percent of the water systems in First Nations communities in Ontario.
  • An emergency response plan (ERP) is not available for use for 75 percent of the water systems in First Nations communities in Ontario.
  • An operation and maintenance (O & M) manual is not available or not in use for 69 percent of the water systems in First Nations communities in Ontario.


Figure 3.10 - Summary of Findings: Water Systems Operational Practices
Figure 3.10 - Summary of Findings: Water Systems Operational Practices
Text Description of Figure 3.10 - Summary of Findings: Water Systems Operational Practices

This graph identifies which operational practices are currently being performed, and which operational practices are not being performed, for water systems in First Nations communities in Ontario.

Line Flushing

  • 70 percent of the water systems in First Nations communities in Ontario practice line flushing.
  • 30 percent of the water systems in First Nations communities in Ontario do not practice line flushing.

Line Swabbing

  • 7 percent of the water systems in First Nations communities in Ontario practice line swabbing.
  • 93 percent of the water systems in First Nations communities in Ontario do not practice line swabbing.

Hydrant Flushing

  • 88 percent of the water systems in First Nations communities in Ontario practice hydrant flushing.
  • 12 percent of the water systems in First Nations communities in Ontario do not practice hydrant flushing.

Reservoir Cleaning

  • 41 percent of the water systems in First Nations communities in Ontario perform reservoir cleaning.
  • 59 percent of the water systems in First Nations communities in Ontario do not perform reservoir cleaning.

Fire PumpTests

  • 61 percent of the water systems in First Nations communities in Ontario conduct fire pump tests.
  • 39 percent of the water systems in First Nations communities in Ontario do not conduct fire pump tests.

SOPs On site

  • 63 percent of the water systems in First Nations communities in Ontario practice standard operating procedures (SOPs) on site.
  • 37 percent of the water systems in First Nations communities in Ontario do not practice standard operating procedures (SOPs) on site.

Maintenance Scheduled and Performed

  • Maintenance is scheduled and performed for 66 percent of the water systems in First Nations communities in Ontario.
  • Maintenance is not scheduled and performed for 34 percent of the water systems in First Nations communities in Ontario.

Repair and Upgrade Records

  • 42 percent of the water systems in First Nations communities in Ontario maintain records of repairs and upgrades.
  • 58 percent of the water systems in First Nations communities in Ontario do not maintain records of repairs and upgrades.

Operation and Maintenance Efforts Acceptable

  • Operation and maintenance efforts are acceptable for 99 percent of the water systems in First Nations communities in Ontario.
  • Operation and maintenance efforts are not acceptable for 1 percent of the water systems in First Nations communities in Ontario.

All Components Working

  • All components are working for 59 percent of the water systems in First Nations communities in Ontario.
  • Not all components are working for 41 percent of the water systems in First Nations communities in Ontario.

One or more major components are not working for 41% of the systems. Although the operators for 70% of the systems practice line flushing and 88% hydrant flushing, most do not regularly swab watermains, clean reservoirs or test fire pumps. Records of system maintenance and repairs were available for only 42% of the systems.

3.3.8 Component Risk - Water: Reporting

The risk associated with reporting has a mean score of 7.0. The mean reporting risk score by type of source is:

  • groundwater at 7.7
  • groundwater under the direct influence of surface water (GUDI) at 7.6
  • surface water at 6.8
  • Municipal Type Agreement (MTA) at 5.9.

Poor record keeping and reporting are significant drivers of reporting risk for all systems (70%), as is inconsistent record keeping (59%). For systems with a Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) system in place, an additional driver is that the instruments are not being calibrated to ensure that the information being recorded is accurate (24%).

An important consideration is that the systems were evaluated based on the requirements for monitoring and reporting as set out in INAC's Protocol. Generally, monitoring and reporting being undertaken by the operators does not meet these requirements. Operator awareness and training could have a significant impact on these risk scores.

Figure 3.11 - Reporting Risk Drivers
Figure 3.11 - Reporting Risk Drivers
Text Description of Figure 3.11 - Reporting Risk Drivers

This graph illustrates the frequency of the main drivers that contribute to the reporting risk for water systems in First Nations communities in Ontario. There are three key risk drivers: Inconsistent Records; Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition System (SCADA) not Calibrated and Confirmed Accurate; and Poor Records for Key Parameters.

  • 59 percent of the water systems in First Nations communities in Ontario have inconsistent records.
  • 70 percent of the water systems in First Nations communities in Ontario have poor records for key parameters.
  • For 24 percent of the water systems in First Nations communities in Ontario, the Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition System (SCADA) has not been calibrated and confirmed to be accurate.

3.3.9 Component Risk - Water: Operator

The risk associated with the operator has a mean score of 3.1. It should be noted that a more complicated system (based on treatment classification) requires an operator with a higher level of training. Operator Risk is higher for the more complicated systems, because systems with higher classifications appear less likely to have suitably certified staff. The mean operator risk score by type of source is:

  • groundwater at 2.7
  • groundwater under the direct influence of surface water (GUDI) at 2.7
  • surface water at 3.4
  • Municipal Type Agreement (MTA) at 2.3.

The extent to which existing systems have fully certified primary and backup operators is presented in Table 3.5. Of the 143 systems that require a certified operator for the water treatment system, 55% did not have a fully certified primary operator and 87% did not have a fully certified backup operator. Of the 150 systems that require a certified operator for the distribution system, 59% did not have a fully certified primary operator and 78% did not have a fully certified backup operator.

Table 3.5 - Water: Operator Status for Ontario Region
  Primary Operator Backup Operator
Treatment Distribution Treatment Distribution
No. of Systems Currently Without an Operator 3 4 17 18
No. of Systems with Operator with No Certification 55 75 79 87
No. of Systems with Operator Certified but not to the Required Level of the System 20 9 29 12
No. of Systems with Operator with Adequate Certification 65 62 18 33
No. of Systems Not Requiring Operators with Certification 15 8 15 8
Total No. of Systems 158 158 158 158

Those factors which frequently contribute to increased operator risk are identified in Figure 3.12. A lack of certification, lack of training and the lack of primary or backup operator are common drivers that increase operator risk.

Figure 3.12 - Operator Risk Drivers
Figure 3.12 - Operator Risk Drivers
Text Description of Figure 3.12 - Operator Risk Drivers

This graph illustrates the frequency of the main drivers that contribute to the operator risk for water systems in First Nations communities in Ontario.

There are 5 key risk drivers:

  • No Primary Operator and/or Primary Operator Not Certified to the Treatment System Classification
  • Primary Operator Uncertified and/or Insufficient Experience/Training for the Distribution System
  • Primary Operator Not Enrolled in Training
  • No Backup Operator and/or Backup Operator with Not Certified to Treatment System Classification
  • No Access to Fully Trained Operator.
  • For 55 percent of the water systems in First Nations communities in Ontario, there is no primary operator and/or the primary operator is not certified to the treatment system classification.
  • For 57 percent of the water systems in First Nations communities in Ontario, the primary operator is uncertified and/or has insufficient experience and training for the distribution system.
  • For 40 percent of the water systems in First Nations communities in Ontario, the primary operator is not enrolled in training.
  • For 67 percent of the water systems in First Nations communities in Ontario, there is no backup operator and/or the backup operator is not certified to the treatment system classification.
  • 18 percent of the water systems of the water systems in First Nations communities in Ontario have no access to a fully trained operator.

3.4  Wastewater Risk Evaluation

A risk assessment was completed for each wastewater system according to INAC's Risk Level Evaluation Guidelines. The risk of each wastewater facility is ranked according to the following categories: effluent receiver, design, operation and maintenance, reporting, and operator. The overall risk score is a weighted average of the component risk scores.

Each of the five risk categories is ranked numerically from 1 to 10, as is the overall risk level of the entire system. A risk ranking of 1.0 to 4.0 represents a low risk, a risk ranking of 4.1 to 7.0 represents a medium risk, and a risk of 7.1 to 10.0 represents a high risk.

Of the 77 wastewater systems inspected:

  • 28 are categorized as high overall risk
  • 38 are categorized as medium overall risk
  • 11 are categorized as low risk.

Appendix E.2 provides a table that summarizes the correlation between the component risk and the overall risk.

Figure 3.13 provides a geographical representation of the final risk for the wastewater systems that were inspected.

3.4.1 Overall System Risk by Treatment Classification

Figure 3.14 demonstrates the correlation between the mean overall system risk and the classification level of the treatment system. For MTA systems, it was assumed that the municipality operates their system in accordance with provincial legislation, which contributes to a lower overall risk for these systems.

For the Ontario region, it appears that a higher plant classification is positively correlated with a higher overall risk score, and that MTA systems have the greatest likelihood of being low risk.

Figure 3.13 - Ontario Wastewater System Risk
Figure 3.13 - Ontario Wastewater System Risk
Text Description of Figure 3.13 - Ontario Wastewater System Risk

This image provides a map of the location of high-, medium-, and low-risk wastewater systems in First Nations communities in Ontario. High-risk systems are identified with a red dot, medium-risk systems are identified with a yellow dot, and low-risk systems are identified with a green dot.

The map also includes a pie chart that illustrates the number and percentage of high-, medium-, and low-risk wastewater systems in First Nations communities in Ontario.

There are a total of 77 wastewater systems in Ontario.

  • 28 wastewater systems (or 36 percent of the total number of systems) are high risk.
  • 38 wastewater systems (or 50 percent of the total number of systems) are medium risk.
  • 11 wastewater systems (or 14 percent of the total number of systems) are low risk.
Figure 3.14 - Risk Profile Based on Wastewater Treatment System Classification
Figure 3.14 - Risk Profile Based on Wastewater Treatment System Classification
Text Description of Figure 3.14

This graph illustrates the relationship between the mean overall system risk and the treatment system classification level for wastewater systems in First Nations communities in Ontario. It also illustrates the percentage of low, medium, and high overall risk scores by system type.

Small Systems

  • The mean overall risk for Small Systems is 6.13.
  • 29 percent of the Small Systems have a high overall risk.
  • 71 percent of the Small Systems have a medium overall risk.

Level I Systems

  • The mean overall risk for Level I Systems is 6.14.
  • 33 percent of the Level I Systems have a high overall risk.
  • 56 percent of the Level I Systems have a medium overall risk.
  • 11 percent of the Level I Systems have a low overall risk.

Level II Systems

  • The mean overall risk for Level II Systems is 6.59.
  • 47 percent of the Level II Systems have a high overall risk.
  • 41 percent of the Level II Systems have a medium overall risk.
  • 12 percent of the Level II Systems have a low overall risk.

Level III Systems

  • The mean overall risk for Level III Systems is 8.0.
  • 100 percent of the Level III Systems have a high overall risk.

Municipal Type Agreement Systems (MTAs)

  • The mean overall risk for Municipal Type Agreement Systems is 4.57.
  • 33 percent of the Municipal Type Agreement Systems have a high overall risk.
  • 67 percent of the Municipal Type Agreement systems have a low overall risk.

3.4.2 Overall System Risk by Number of Connections

For the Ontario region systems with less than 100 connections are more likely to be medium or high risk than systems with 100 or more connections.

3.4.3 Component Risks: Wastewater

The overall risk is comprised of five component risks: effluent receiver, design, operation, reporting and operators. Each of these component risk factors is discussed below.

Figure 3.15 - Wastewater: Risk Profile Based on Risk Components
Figure 3.15 - Wastewater: Risk Profile Based on Risk Components
Text Description of Figure 3.15 - Risk Profile Based on Risk Components

This graph illustrates the risk associated with each type of risk component for all wastewater systems in First Nations communities in Ontario. The graph shows the mean risk score for wastewater systems by the type of risk component. There are five risk components: effluent; design; operation; reporting; and operator.

  • The risk associated with the effluent component has a mean score of 6.7.
  • The risk associated with the design component has a mean score of 4.7.
  • The risk associated with the operation component has a mean score of 7.4.
  • The risk associated with the reporting component has a mean score of 7.1.
  • The risk associated with the operator component has a mean score of 5.1.
Data for Figure 3.15 - Wastewater: Risk Profile Based on Risk Components
  Effluent Design Operation Reporting Operator
Risk 6.7 4.7 7.4 7.1 5.1
Minimum 1.0 1.0 2.0 1.0 1.0
Maximum 10.0 9.0 10.0 10.0 10.0
Std. Dev. 2.7 2.2 2.1 3.5 3.4

3.4.4 Component Risk - Wastewater: Effluent Receiver

The risk associated with the effluent receiver has a mean risk score of 6.7. The mean effluent receiver risk source by treatment type is:

  • Septic Systems at 4.3
  • Aerated Lagoons at 8.0
  • Facultative Lagoon at 6.5
  • Mechanical Treatment 8.1
  • Other at 5.0
  • Municipal Type Agreement (MTA) at 3.0.

There are two key drivers of this risk component:

  • the receiving environment
  • the extent to which the receiver is required for other human uses, such as fishing, recreation or drinking water.
Figure 3.16 - Effluent Risk Drivers
Figure 3.16 - Effluent Risk Drivers
Text Description of Figure 3.16 - Effluent Risk Drivers

This graph illustrates the frequency of the main drivers that contribute to the effluent risk for wastewater systems in First Nations communities in Ontario. There are four key risk drivers: High-Risk Effluent Receiver; Possible Species at Risk in the Receiving Environment; Nearby Human Use of the Receiving Environment; and Receiving Environment is a Sensitive Area.

  • 52 percent of the wastewater systems in First Nations communities in Ontario have a high-risk effluent receiver.
  • There are possibly species at risk in the receiving environment for 51 percent of the wastewater systems in First Nations communities in Ontario.
  • There is human use nearby the receiving environment for 61 percent of the wastewater systems in First Nations communities in Ontario.
  • The receiving environment is a sensitive area for 12 percent of the wastewater systems in First Nations communities in Ontario.

3.4.5 Component Risk - Wastewater: Design

The risk associated with the design has a mean score of 4.7. The design component risk has the lowest mean component score.

There are several key drivers of the design component risk scores in the region, including:

  • failure to meet federal Effluent Quality Guidelines
  • inappropriate treatment process
  • problems with system reliability
  • no design flexibility
  • system at or near capacity
  • inappropriate waste management
  • system identified as a dangerous workplace.
Figure 3.17 - Design Risk Drivers
Figure 3.17 - Design Risk Drivers
Text Description of Figure 3.17 - Design Risk Drivers

This graph identifies the frequency of the main drivers that contribute to the design risk for wastewater systems in First Nations communities in Ontario.

There are eight key drivers that contribute to design risk:

  • Design-Related Failure to meet the Guidelines;
  • Inappropriate Treatment Processes;
  • Poor System Reliability;
  • No Design Flexibility;
  • Exceeding 75 Percent of Capacity;
  • Inappropriate Waste Management;
  • Does Not Meet Applicable Design Standards; and
  • Plant/System (Workplace) Considered Dangerous.
  • 8 percent of the wastewater systems in First Nations communities in Ontario have a design-related failure to meet the guidelines.
  • 13 percent of the wastewater systems in First Nations communities in Ontario have inappropriate treatment processes.
  • 82 percent of the wastewater systems in First Nations communities in Ontario have poor system reliability.
  • There is no design flexibility for 40 percent of the wastewater systems in First Nations communities in Ontario.
  • 55 percent of the wastewater systems in First Nations communities in Ontario exceed 75 percent capacity.
  • There is inappropriate waste management for 32 percent of the wastewater systems in First Nations communities in Ontario.
  • 8 percent of the wastewater systems in First Nations communities in Ontario do not meet applicable design standards.
  • For 10 percent of the wastewater systems in First Nations communities in Ontario, the workplace/plant is considered to be dangerous.

3.4.6 Component Risk - Wastewater: Operation

The risk associated with the operation has a mean score of 7.4. All of the wastewater systems have a medium- or high-risk score. As a result, operation is identified as an area of opportunity for increased risk-mitigation efforts.

There are several key drivers of the operation risk in the region, including:

  • failure to meet federal Effluent Guidelines
  • inadequate maintenance logs
  • general maintenance not being performed adequately
  • Emergency Response Plans not in place or not being used
  • Operation & Maintenance manuals not available or not in use.
Figure 3.18 - Operation Risk Drivers
Figure 3.18 - Operation Risk Drivers
Text Description of Figure 3.18 - Operation Risk Drivers

This graph identifies the frequency of the main risk drivers that contribute to the operation risk for wastewater systems in First Nations communities in Ontario.

There are five key risk drivers:

  • Failure to Meet Federal Effluent Quality Guidelines Due to Operations;
  • Inadequate Maintenance Logs;
  • Maintenance Not Adequately Performed;
  • Emergency Response Plan Not Available or Not in Place; and
  • Operation and Maintenance (O & M) Manual Not Available or Not in Use.
  • 23 percent of the wastewater systems in First Nations communities in Ontario failed to meet federal effluent quality guidelines due to the operations.
  • 66 percent of the wastewater systems in First Nations communities in Ontario have inadequate maintenance logs.
  • Maintenance is not being adequately performed for 49 percent of the wastewater systems in First Nations communities in Ontario.
  • An Emergency Response Plan is not available or not in use for 94 percent of the wastewater systems in First Nations communities in Ontario.
  • An Operation and Maintenance (O & M) manual is not available or not in use for 81 percent of the wastewater systems in First Nations communities in Ontario.

This graph identifies the frequency of the main risk drivers that contribute to the operation risk for wastewater systems in First Nations communities in Ontario.

There are five key risk drivers:

  • Failure to Meet Federal Effluent Quality Guidelines Due to Operations;
  • Inadequate Maintenance Logs;
  • Maintenance Not Adequately Performed;
  • Emergency Response Plan Not Available or Not in Place; and
  • Operation and Maintenance (O & M) Manual Not Available or Not in Use.
  • 23 percent of the wastewater systems in First Nations communities in Ontario failed to meet federal effluent quality guidelines due to the operations.
  • 66 percent of the wastewater systems in First Nations communities in Ontario have inadequate maintenance logs.
  • Maintenance is not being adequately performed for 49 percent of the wastewater systems in First Nations communities in Ontario.
  • An Emergency Response Plan is not available or not in use for 94 percent of the wastewater systems in First Nations communities in Ontario.
  • An Operation and Maintenance (O & M) manual is not available or not in use for 81 percent of the wastewater systems in First Nations communities in Ontario.

3.4.7 Component Risk - Wastewater: Reporting

The risk associated with reporting has a mean score of 7.1. The reporting risk component assesses whether operators maintain effluent-testing and system-monitoring records. Poor record keeping is a significant factor in raising the overall risk ranking for many communities in this region.

There are several key drivers of the reporting risk in the region, including:

  • inconsistent record keeping
  • poor records for key parameters.
Figure 3.19 - Reporting Risk Drivers
Figure 3.19 - Reporting Risk Drivers
Text Description of Figure 3.19 - Reporting Risk Drivers

This graph identifies the frequency of the main risk drivers that contribute to the reporting risk for wastewater systems in First Nations communities in Ontario. There are three key reporting risk drivers: Inconsistent Records; Poor Records for Key Parameters; and Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) System not Calibrated and Confirmed Accurate.

  • There are inconsistent records for 60 percent of the wastewater systems in First Nations communities in Ontario.
  • There are poor records for key parameters for 65 percent of the wastewater systems in First Nations communities in Ontario.
  • The Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) System is not calibrated and confirmed to be accurate for 3 percent of the wastewater systems in First Nations communities in Ontario.

3.4.8 Component Risk - Wastewater: Operator

The risk associated with the operator has a mean score of 5.1. Operator risk is determined by whether or not the operators have adequate certification.

The extent to which existing wastewater systems have fully certified primary and backup operators is presented in Table 3.6. Of the 71 systems which require a certified operator for the wastewater treatment system, 75% did not have a fully certified primary operator and 93% did not have a fully certified backup operator. Of the 71 systems which require a certified operator for the collection system, 73% did not have a fully certified primary operator and 93% did not have a fully certified backup operator.

Table 3.6 - Wastewater: Operator Status for Ontario Region
  Primary Operator Backup Operator
Treatment Collection Treatment Collection
No. of Systems Currently Without an Operator 10 9 21 21
No. of Systems with Operator with No Certification 37 38 43 43
No. of Systems with Operator Certified but not to the Required Level of the System 6 5 2 2
No. of Systems with Operator with Adequate Certification 18 19 5 5
No. of Systems Not Requiring Operators with Certification 6 6 6 6
Total No. of Systems 77 77 77 77

Those factors which frequently contribute to increased wastewater operator risk are identified in Figure 3.20. A lack of certification, lack of training and the lack of primary or backup operator are common drivers that increase operator risk.

Figure 3.20 - Operator Risk Drivers
Figure 3.20 - Operator Risk Drivers
Text Description of Figure 3.20 - Operator Risk Drivers

This graph identifies the main risk drivers that contribute to the operation risk for wastewater systems in First Nations communities in Ontario. There are five key risk drivers:

  • Primary Operator Uncertified and/or has Insufficient Experience/Training for the Collection System;
  • No Primary Operator and/or Primary Operator Not Certified to the Treatment System Classification;
  • Primary Operator Not Enrolled in Training;
  • No Backup Operator and/or Not Certified to the Treatment System Classification; and
  • No Access to Fully-Trained Operator.
  • For 75 percent of the wastewater systems in First Nations communities in Ontario, the primary operator is uncertified and/or has insufficient experience or training for the collection system.
  • For 61 percent of the wastewater systems in First Nations communities in Ontario, there is no primary operator and/or the primary operator is not certified to the treatment system classification.
  • For 61 percent of the wastewater systems in First Nations communities in Ontario, the primary operator is not enrolled in training.
  • For 90 percent of the wastewater systems in First Nations communities in Ontario, there is no backup operator and/or the backup operator is not certified to the treatment system classification.
  • 38 percent of the wastewater systems in First Nations communities in Ontario have no access to a fully trained operator.

3.5  Plans

Information was collected regarding the availability of various documents, including Source Water Protection Plans (SWPP), Maintenance Management Plans (MMP), and Emergency Response Plans (ERP).

The following tables provide a summary of the percentages of First Nations that have plans in place:

Table 3.7 - Plans Summary: Water
Source Percentage of Water Systems that have a (an)...
Source Water Protection Plan Maintenance Management Plan Emergency Response Plan
Groundwater 23% 33% 21%
Groundwater GUDI 8% 23% 46%
MTA N/A 17% 42%
Surface Water 6% 21% 21%
Overall 11% 24% 25%

Table 3.8 - Plans Summary: Wastewater
Percentage of Wastewater Systems that have a (an)…
Maintenance Management Plan Emergency Response Plan
8% 6%

3.5.1 Source Water Protection Plans

Source water protection planning is one component of a multi-barrier approach to providing safe drinking water. Source Water Protection Plans seek to identify threats to the water source. They also establish policies and practices to prevent contamination of the water source and to ensure that the water service provider is equipped to take corrective action in the event of water contamination. Source water protection is appropriate for groundwater and surface water sources.

Only 11% of the systems reported that they had completed a Source Water Protection Plan.

3.5.2 Maintenance Management Plans

Maintenance Management Plans are intended to improve the effectiveness of maintenance activities. They focus on planning, scheduling and documenting preventative maintenance activities, and they document unscheduled maintenance efforts. The plans represent a change from reactive to proactive thinking, and—when executed properly—they optimize maintenance spending, minimize service disruption, and extend asset life.

Only 24% water systems and 8% wastewater systems indicated that they had completed a Maintenance Management Plan.

3.5.3 Emergency Response Plans

Emergency Response Plans (ERPs) are intended to be a quick reference to assist operators and other stakeholders in managing and in responding to emergency situations. Emergency Response Plans should be in place for both water and wastewater systems. They include key contact information for those who should be notified and who may be of assistance in case of emergency (agencies, contractors, suppliers, etc.), and they provide standard communication and response protocols. Emergency Response Plans identify recommended corrective actions for "foreseeable" emergencies, and they establish methodologies for addressing unforeseen situations. They are essentially the last potential "barrier" in a multi-barrier approach to protecting the drinking water supply and the natural environment, and they provide the last opportunity to mitigate damages.

Only 25% of the water systems and 6% of the wastewater systems have an Emergency Response Plan in place.

4.0  Cost Analysis

4.1  Upgrade to Meet INAC's Protocol: Water

In 2006, INAC began to develop a series of Protocol documents for centralised and decentralised water and wastewater systems in First Nations communities. The Protocols contain standards for the design, construction, operation, maintenance, and monitoring of these systems.

One of the objectives of this study was to review the existing water and wastewater infrastructure, and to identify the potential upgrade costs to meet INAC's Protocols, and federal and provincial guidelines, standards and regulations. The total estimated construction cost for water system upgrades to meet the INAC Protocol is $228 million.

Table 4.1 provides a breakdown of the estimated total construction costs. A separate line item is included for engineering and contigency. Figure 4.1 provides a comparison graph of each of the categories. Note that Treatment and Storage & Pumping comprise 62% of the estimated costs.

Table 4.1 - Estimated Total Construction Costs: Water
Description Protocol - Estimated Cost Federal - Estimated Cost Provincial - Estimated Cost
Building $14,121,700 $1,514,500 $8,842,800
Distribution $6,065,000 $1,066,000 $2,160,000
Equipment $2,370,600 $2,300,500 $2,301,800
Additional Fire Pumps $2,231,000 $140,000 $2,181,000
Monitoring Equipment $2,047,200 $1,695,700 $2,047,200
Source $5,826,350 $1,191,800 $5,790,850
Storage & Pumping $32,985,500 $32,036,500 $32,876,500
Treatment $109,353,600 $94,187,110 $102,798,110
Standby Power $7,423,000 $490,000 $7,423,000
Engineering & Contingencies $45,687,500 $33,744,050 $41,686,500
Construction Total Estimate $228,111,450 $168,366,160 $208,107,760

There are 27 water systems that may have groundwater-under-the-direct-influence-ofsurface-water (GUDI) water supplies. Upgrade costs for these systems are estimated assuming that they will prove to be secure groundwater supplies and recommendations for GUDI studies are identified to confirm this.

If the GUDI studies indicate that these supplies should be considered to be surface water rather than groundwater, then additional upgrade requirements will be necessary for these systems to meet INAC's Protocols. It is estimated that, depending on system capacity and site indices, an additional $1.0 to 2.5 million will be required for each system that needs to be upgraded to surface-water treatment.

Figure 4.1 - Breakdown of the Estimated Construction Costs to Meet INAC's Protocol: Water ($ - M)
Figure 4.1 - Breakdown of the Estimated Construction Costs to Meet Indian and Northern Affairs Canada INAC's Protocol: Water ($ - M)
Text Description of Figure 4.1 - Breakdown of the Estimated Construction Costs to Meet INAC's Protocol: Water ($ - M)

This pie chart provides a breakdown (in millions of dollars) of the estimated construction costs of the upgrades that are required for water systems in First Nations communities in Ontario to meet INAC's Protocols. The costs are divided into nine categories:

  • Additional Fire Pumps
  • Building
  • Distribution
  • Engineering & Contingencies
  • Equipment
  • Monitoring Equipment
  • Source
  • Standby Power
  • Storage and Pumping
  • The total estimated cost for the additional fire pumps that are required for water systems in First Nations communities in Ontario to meet INAC's Protocols is 2.2 million dollars.
  • The total estimated building cost for the upgrades that are required for water systems in First Nations communities in Ontario to meet INAC's Protocols is 14.1 million dollars.
  • The total estimated distribution cost for water systems in First Nations communities in Ontario to meet INAC's Protocols is 6.1 million dollars.
  • The total estimated engineering and contingencies cost for water systems in First Nations communities in Ontario to meet INAC's Protocols is 45.7 million dollars.
  • The total estimated equipment cost for water systems in First Nations communities in Ontario to meet INAC's Protocols is 2.4 million dollars.
  • The total estimated monitoring equipment cost for water systems in First Nations communities in Ontario to meet INAC's Protocols is 2.0 million dollars.
  • The total estimated source cost for water systems in First Nations communities in Ontario to meet INAC's Protocols is 5.8 million dollars.
  • The total estimated standby power cost for water systems in First Nations communities in Ontario to meet INAC's Protocols is 7.4 million dollars.
  • The total estimated storage and pumping costs for water systems in First Nations communities in Ontario to meet INAC's Protocols is 33.0 million dollars.
  • The total estimated cost of engineering and contingencies for water systems in First Nations communities in Ontario to meet INAC's Protocols is 109.4 million dollars.

Treatment and Storage and Pumping comprise two of the major construction-cost categories.

Treatment costs include:

  • Providing spare chemical feed equipment.
  • Providing spare disinfection equipment.
  • Providing secondary containment for treatment chemicals.
  • Providing additional filter trains to meet Protocol.
  • Providing treatment to meet Protocol.
  • Providing secondary disinfection.
  • Providing contact piping.
  • Providing surge suppression/uninterruptible power supplies for critical electronic equipment.
  • Upgrading capacity of existing water treatment plant.

Storage & Pumping costs include:

  • Expanding storage for chlorine contact and/or fire protection and domestic flows.
  • Providing screened reservoir vents.
  • Providing secondary containment liners for onsite fuel storage.
  • Retrofitting existing reservoirs to include baffling (concrete and/or curtain).
  • Providing additional raw water pumping capacity.
  • Providing additional highlift pumping capacity.
  • Providing backwash pump.
  • Upgrading fire pump systems.
Table 4.2 - Estimated Total Non- Construction Costs: Water
Description Protocol - Estimated Cost Federal - Estimated Cost Provincial - Estimated Cost
Training $1,740,000 $1,740,000 $1,740,000
GUDI Studies $1,456,000 $0 $1,456,000
Plans/Documentation $8,824,000 $6,739,000 $8,804,000
Studies $1,558,000 $980,000 $1,455,000
Non-Construction Total Estimate $13,578,000 $9,459,000 $13,455,000

Additional annual operations and maintenance costs, shown in Table 4.3, include costs that occur annually for items that are not currently being completed to meet protocols, such as calibrating monitoring equipment, additional sampling, cleaning the reservoir, and backup operator's salary.

Table 4.3 - Estimated Additional Annual Operation & Maintenance Costs: Water
Description Estimated Cost
Sampling $2,503,550
Operations $562,500
Operator $970,000
Water O&M Total Estimated Cost $4,036,050

The total estimated cost, including construction and non-construction costs, for water system upgrades to meet the INAC Protocol is $242 million. This excludes costs associated with potentially GUDI systems, which prove to be GUDI systems as discussed previously.

4.2  Upgrade to Meet Protocol: Wastewater

The total estimated construction cost for wastewater system upgrades to meet INAC Protocol is $64 million. Below is a list of specific needs of the systems, the number of systems impacted by upgrades,and the total cost of each need.

Upgrading treatment and providing standby power will account for over 68% of the cost of meeting INAC Protocol. Providing standby power is a widespread necessity, but the upgrades cost less than upgrading treatment.

Table 4.4 - Estimated Total Construction and Related Costs: Wastewater
Description Protocol - Estimated Cost Federal - Estimated Cost Provincial - Estimated Cost
Building $1,743,000 $185,000 $1,358,000
Collection System $1,835,500 $1,792,500 $1,821,500
Equipment $1,232,000 $1,227,000 $1,227,000
Monitoring Equipment $1,208,000 $165,500 $1,189,000
Pumping Stations $1,663,000 $1,533,000 $1,663,000
Treatment $31,713,500 $31,058,000 $31,333,500
Standby Power $11,582,000 $11,455,000 $11,880,500
Engineering & Contingencies $12,752,150 $11,849,450 $12,620,350
Construction Total Estimate $63,729,150 $59,265,450 $63,092,850
Figure 4.2 - Breakdown of the Estimated Construction Costs to Meet Protocol: Wastewater ($ - M)
Figure 4.2 - Breakdown of the Estimated Construction Costs to Meet Protocol: Wastewater ($ - M)
Text Description of Figure 4.2 - Breakdown of the Estimated Construction Costs to Meet Protocol: Wastewater ($ - M)

This pie chart provides a breakdown of the estimated construction costs (in millions of dollars) of the wastewater system upgrades that are required for wastewater systems in First Nations communities in Ontario to meet INAC's Protocol.

The construction costs are divided into eight categories:

  • Building
  • Collection System
  • Engineering and Contingencies
  • Equipment
  • Monitoring Equipment
  • Pumping Stations
  • Standby Power
  • Treatment
  • The total estimated building cost for wastewater systems in First Nations communities in Ontario to meet INAC's Protocols is 1.7 million dollars.
  • The total estimated collection system cost for wastewater systems in First Nations communities in Ontario to meet INAC's Protocols is 1.8 million dollars.
  • The total estimated cost of engineering and contingencies for wastewater systems in First Nations communities in Ontario to meet INAC's Protocols is 12.8 million dollars.
  • The total estimated equipment cost for wastewater systems in First Nations communities in Ontario to meet INAC's Protocols is 1.2 million dollars.
  • The total estimated monitoring equipment cost for wastewater systems in First Nations communities in Ontario to meet INAC's Protocols is 1.2 million dollars.
  • The total estimated cost for pumping stations for wastewater systems in First Nations communities in Ontario to meet INAC's Protocols is 1.7 million dollars.
  • The total estimated standby power cost for wastewater systems in First Nations communities in Ontario to meet INAC's Protocols is 11.6 million dollars.
  • The total estimated treatment cost for wastewater systems in First Nations communities in Ontario to meet INAC's Protocols is 31.7 million dollars.

Treatment and Standby Power comprise two of the major construction-cost categories.

Treatment costs include:

  • General upgrades to existing infrastructure.
  • Expanding existing system to meet current capacity.
  • Providing redundant chemical feed equipment.
  • Providing additional sewage pumps.
  • Providing fence for security.
  • Providing treatment for sludge wastes.
  • Providing disinfection (UV or chlorine).

Standby Power costs include:

  • Providing standby power for sewage pumping stations.
  • Providing standby power for sewage treatment plant.
Table 4.5 - Estimated Total Non-Construction and Related Costs: Wastewater
Description Protocol - Estimated Cost Federal - Estimated Cost Provincial - Estimated Cost
Training $745,000 $745,000 $745,000
Plans/Documentation $2,412,500 $1,559,500 $2,382,500
Studies $90,000 $70,000 $70,000
Non-Construction Total Estimate $3,247,500 $2,374,500 $3,197,500

Additional annual operations and maintenance costs, as shown in Table 4.6, include costs that occur annually, for items that are not currently being completed to meet protocols, such as calibrating monitoring equipment, additional sampling, and backup operator's salary.

Table 4.6 - Estimated Additional Annual Operation & Maintenance Costs: Wastewater
Description Estimated Cost
Sampling $316,400
Operations $204,000
Operator $935,000
Wastewater O&M Total Estimated Cost $1,455,400

The total estimated cost, including construction and non-construction costs, for wastewater system upgrades is $67 million.

4.3  Upgrade Cost Summary

Table 4.7 provides a summary of the upgrade costs for systems to meet INAC's Protocol, and federal and provincial guidelines and standards.

Table 4.7 - Summary and Comparison of Upgrade Costs
  Total Estimated Cost
Water Wastewater
Upgrade to meet Protocol $241,689,450 $66,976,650
Upgrade to meet Federal Guidelines $177,825,160 $61,639,950
Upgrade to meet Provincial Guidelines $221,562,760 $66,290,350

The following tables present a breakdown of the estimated upgrade costs to meet INAC Protocols by overall risk level.

Table 4.8 - Breakdown of Protocol Estimated Costs by Risk Level: Water
Risk Level Short Term Long Term Total
High $130,350,702 $0 $130,350,702
Medium $99,987,349 $12,331 $99,999,680
Low $11,289,744 $49,324 $11,339,068
Total $241,627,795 $61,655 $241,689,450

Table 4.9 - Breakdown of Protocol Estimated Costs by Risk Level: Wastewater
Risk Level Short Term Long Term Total
High $28,969,135 $80,286 $29,049,421
Medium $35,413,034 $0 $35,413,034
Low $2,514,195 $0 $2,514,195
Total $66,896,364 $80,286 $66,976,650

4.4  Asset Condition and Reporting System Needs

Asset Condition and Reporting System (ACRS) inspections were completed for all water- and wastewater-related assets. The following table summarizes the ACRS needs identified. For the purposes of this assessment, ACRS needs were limited to required repairs of existing facilities, and did not include any upgrade costs, in order to avoid duplication with the Upgrade to Protocol needs identified. The following two tables (Tables 4.10 and 4.11) provide a summary of the O&M repairs required broken down by asset for both water and wastewater, respectively.

Table 4.10 - Asset Condition and Reporting System Identified Operation & Maintenance Costs: Water
Asset Code Description Estimated Cost
A5A Buildings $636,750
B1B Watermains $1,058,100
B1C/B1D Treatment $2,336,950
B1E Reservoirs $212,770
B1G Standpipe/Truckfill $18,000
B1F Community Wells $205,600
B1I Low Lift Pumping $789,400
B1H High Lift Pumping $251,650
E4A Trucks $59,000
B1Z Other $28,750
  Water ACRS Total Estimated Cost $5,596,970

Table 4.11 - Asset Condition and Reporting System Identified Operation & Maintenance Costs: Wastewater
Asset Code Description Estimated Cost
A5B Buildings $101,075
B2A Sewers $1,091,600
B2H/B2J Lift Stations & Forcemains $1,071,310
B2C/B2D Treatment $921,850
B2E/B2I Lagoons $1,530,550
B2F Septic Systems $6,700
E3A Trucks $10,200
  Wastewater ACRS Total Estimated Cost $4,733,285

4.5  Community Servicing

An analysis was completed to evaluate future servicing alternatives for a 10-year design period. The analysis considers a variety of alternatives, including expanding existing systems, developing new systems, establishing local Municipal Type Agreements (if applicable), and using individual systems.

A theoretical operation and maintenance cost has been developed for each alternative, along with a 30-year life-cycle cost. The cost of the upgrades that are necessary for systems to meet INAC Protocol is included in the new servicing cost, if appropriate (i.e. for new servicing alternatives that include continued use of the existing system).

A summary of the capital cost along with the estimated total O&M cost for the recommended servicing alternatives is shown below.

Table 4.12 - Future Servicing Costs
  Total Estimated Cost Cost Per Connection
Water Wastewater Water Wastewater
Future Servicing Cost $700,000,000 $440,000,000 $21,800 $13,600
Annual O&M to service future growth $51,100,000 $42,200,000 $1,600 $1,300

The majority of communities in the Ontario region are at least partially serviced by a piped water system, and slightly more than half are at least partially serviced by a piped collection system.

The evaluation of future servicing included continuing to service the existing population with the same level of service that was currently in place and then evaluating the options for providing service to the future 10 year growth for the community. Existing servicing includes piped, trucked and individual servicing. In some cases, where future servicing resulted in the ability to provide a higher level of service to some or all of the existing homes this was also considered in the overall servicing strategy.

Predominantly, it was found that the life cycle costs for extending piped water and wastewater servicing for the future growth was the most cost effective solution. This assumes that future homes would be constructed in a compact subdivision type setting adjacent to the existing serviced area. This however will need to be confirmed through detailed studies for each community. It is realized that some residents may choose to continue to build homes in outlying areas where individual wells or truck haul servicing may be more appropriate.

5.0  Regional Summary

All but one of the 121 First Nations with water/wastewater assets in the Ontario Region were visited during the completion of this project. Of the 120 First Nations visited, 103 are serviced by community water systems, 12 are serviced by Municipal Type Agreements with neighbouring municipalities, and 5 are serviced by individual water systems. Surface water community systems are the most common (59%). All but two of the community systems include piped distribution for at least part of the community, and 69% of the overall homes are provided with piped service.

There are a total of 77 wastewater systems serving 67 First Nations. The remaining 54 First Nations are serviced solely by individual wastewater systems. 6 out of the 77 community wastewater systems are serviced by Municipal Type Agreements with neighbouring municipalities. Lagoons are the most common (49%) wastewater system. Regionally, 35% of the homes have piped collection and 57% of the homes are serviced by individual septics.

There are 72 water systems and 28 wastewater systems in the Ontario region identified as high-risk systems. While there are multiple factors contributing to risk, design and operational concerns are given the most weight, particularly when the concern is related to the protection of public health or the environment. The high risk systems in the region typically require system upgrades or improved operational procedures to meet the guidelines for treated water quality or sewage effluent quality.

The total estimated construction cost to bring the region into compliance with INAC's Protocol for Safe Drinking Water in First Nations Communities is $228 million. An additional $13.6 million is required to address non-construction costs. This estimate excludes the costs associated with upgrading sites that may prove to have groundwater under the direct influence of surface-water (GUDI) sources.

The total estimated construction cost to bring the region into compliance with INAC's Protocol for Wastewater Treatment and Disposal in First Nations Communities is $63.7 million. An additional $3.2 million is required to address non-construction costs.

In Ontario, since the Walkerton Incident in May 2000, there have been sweeping regulatory changes that affect the design, approval and operation of provincial water systems. All municipal systems have a legislated minimum level of treatment. Similarly, the Ontario Ministry of Environment Design Guidelines and INAC Protocol include increased focus on the redundancy of equipment to ensure the necessary processes are in place. According to the Ontario Ministry of the Environment's Design Guidelines for Drinking Water Systems,

"The design of water treatment plants should be based on the premise that failure of any single component must not prevent the drinking-water system from satisfying all applicable regulatory requirements and other site specific treated water quality and quantity criteria, while operating at design flows."

Very few First Nation systems in Ontario have been designed to this level of redundancy. A number of First Nation systems have received disinfection upgrades, including the addition of chlorination systems equipped with auto-switchover and alarm capabilities. In many instances, however, this equipment was not fully functional at the time of the site visits.

Based on the data collected, a significant area to reduce risk would be to ensure that all systems are operated and maintained by trained/certified operators and that monitoring and record keeping is completed in accordance with the INAC's Protocol.

There are a significant number of surface water treatment systems in the province that require operators with higher certification levels. A number of remote (winter road only) northern communities have surface water treatment plants. The remote nature of these communities makes it more difficult for the operators to obtain the required training and to maintain appropriate supplies on hand. A number of these facilities operate under the Safe Water Operations Program (SWOP), with direct third-party oversight, which generally results in improved operations and record keeping.

The Province of Ontario has recently introduced changes in the system and operator classification. As such, operators with existing certifications may no longer be fully consistent with these changes. In addition, Ontario has introduced the concept of Overall Responsible Operator and Operator in Charge, and now requires operating authorities to be accredited, a process which includes the preparation of financial plans and the development of drinking water quality management plans.

Another area that INAC, Health Canada and Band Councils need to address is the lack of planning tools, including Source Water Protection Plans (SWPPs), Operation & Maintenance (O & M) Manuals, and to a much lesser extent Emergency Response Plans (ERPs).

The comments received from individual First Nations voice a general feeling among the First Nation communities that current Operation & Maintenance budgets are often insufficient to retain operators, to provide ongoing component replacement, and to perform all of the monitoring and recording requirements. Many site inspectors saw missing equipment or equipment in disrepair and were informed that repairs have not been completed because of a lack of funding.

Wastewater sampling prior to effluent discharge appears to be another area that INAC, Health Canada and Band Councils could address in order to reduce the overall risk significantly. Sampling, testing and recording the effluent quality and volumes prior to and during discharge would reduce the reporting risk for these systems.

Appendix A - Glossary of Terms and Acronyms

Aeration (see also lagoon): The process of bringing air into contact with a liquid (typically water), usually by bubbling air through the liquid, spraying the liquid into the air, allowing the liquid to cascade down a waterfall, or by mechanical agitation. Aeration serves to (1) strip dissolved gases from solution, and/or (2) oxygenate the liquid. (Gowen Environmental)

Aesthetic Objective (AO): Aesthetic objectives are set for drinking water quality parameters such as colour or odour, where exceeding the objective may make the water less pleasant, but not unsafe. (INAC Protocol for Decentralised Water and Wastewater)

Ammonia (See also: Potable water; Effluent quality requirements): A pungent colorless gaseous alkaline compound of nitrogen and hydrogen (NH3) that is very soluble in water and can easily be condensed to a liquid by cold and pressure (Merriam-Webster). Ammonia is used in several areas of water and wastewater treatment, such as pH control. It is also used in conjunction with chlorine to produce potable water. The existence of ammonia in wastewater is common in industrial sectors as a by-product of cleaning agents. This chemical impacts both human and environmental conditions. Treatment of ammonia can be completed in lagoon systems and mechanical plants. (R.M. Technologies)

Arsenic: A metallic element that forms a number of compounds. It is found in nature at low levels, mostly in compounds with oxygen, chlorine, and sulphur; these are called inorganic arsenic compounds. Organic arsenic in plants and animals combines with carbon and hydrogen. Inorganic arsenic is a human poison. Organic arsenic is less harmful. High levels of inorganic arsenic in food or water can be fatal. (Medicinenet.com)

Aquifer (confined): A layer of soil or rock below the land surface that is saturated with water. There are layers of impermeable material both above and below it, and it is under pressure so that when the aquifer is penetrated by a well, the water will rise above the top of the aquifer. (INAC Protocol for Decentralised Water and Wastewater Systems)

Aquifer (unconfined): An unconfined aquifer is one whose upper water surface (water table) is at atmospheric pressure, and thus is able to rise and fall. (INAC Protocol for Decentralised Water and Wastewater Systems)

As-built/record drawings: Revised set of drawing submitted by a contractor upon completion of a project or a particular job. They reflect all changes made in the specifications and working drawings during the construction process, and show the exact dimensions, geometry, and location of all elements of the work completed under the contract. Also called as-built drawings or just as-builts.

ACRS Inspection (Asset Condition Reporting System Inspection): For centralised water and wastewater systems, an ACRS (asset condition reporting system) inspection of the system is to be performed once every three (3) years by a qualified person (consulting engineer, Tribal Council engineer), who is not from the First Nation involved, to assess the condition of the asset, adequacy of maintenance efforts, and need for additional maintenance work. The ACRS inspection report will be discussed with, and submitted to, the First Nation council and the INAC regional office. Inspections will be conducted in accordance with the ACRS Manual, a copy of which can be obtained from the INAC regional office.

Bacteria (plural) bacterium (singular): Microscopic living organisms usually consisting of a single cell. Bacteria can aid in pollution control by consuming or breaking down organic matter in sewage and/or other water pollutants. Some bacteria may also cause human, animal, and plant health problems. Bacteria are predominantly found in the intestines and feces of humans and animals. The presence of coliform bacteria in water indicates the contamination of water by raw or partially treated sewage. (INAC Protocol for Decentralised Water and Wastewater Systems)

Baffle (concrete and/or curtain): Vertical/horizontal impermeable barriers in a pond or reservoir. Baffles direct the flow of water into the longest possible path through the reservoir in order to eliminate short-circuiting in the water treatment system. In potable water treatment, short-circuiting can reduce the effectiveness of disinfectants. In effluent treatment, short-circuiting may result in an increase of pollutants at the outlet. Shortcircuiting occurs when water flows directly from the inlet to the outlet across a pond or reservoir. (Layfield)

BOD5 (Biochemical Oxygen Demand): The most widely used parameter of organic pollution applied to both wastewater and surface water is the 5-day BOD (BOD5). This determination involves the measurement of the dissolved oxygen used by microorganisms in the biochemical oxidation of organic matter. BOD test results are used to: determine the approximate quantity of oxygen that will be required to biologically stabilize the organic matter present; to determine the size of waste treatment facilities; to measure the efficiency of some treatment processes; and to determine compliance with wastewater discharge permits. (Metcalf & Eddy)

Capacity (actual vs. design): Refers to the capacity of the treatment system, with the "design capacity" being the flow rate proposed by the designer or manufacturer. If the system is not operating to design levels, the "actual capacity" could be limited by failing pumps, clogged filters or not meeting the Protocol (i.e. Protocol requires two filter trains such that one could operate while another is being cleaned/repaired and this was previously not explicitly required; therefore, the actual capacity is half of the design capacity).

Chemical feed equipment: All equipment associated with introducing chemicals to the raw water as part of the treatment process including coagulants, coagulant aids, disinfectants, etc.

Chlorine: A disinfectant used in either gas or liquid from gas that is added to water to protect the consumer from bacteria and other micro-organisms. It is widely used because it is inexpensive and easily injected into water. Because of its concentration, a gallon can treat a large amount of water. However, chlorine use does have drawbacks: when chlorine is used as a disinfectant it combines with naturally occurring decaying organic matter to form Trihalomethanes (THMs). (Vital Life Systems)

Chlorination: The application of chlorine to water, sewage or industrial wastes for disinfection (reduction of pathogens) or to oxidize undesirable compounds. (City of Toronto)

Chlorine Residual: The chlorine level in potable water immediately after it has been treated. (Ontario Ministry of the Environment)

Circuit Rider (see also Circuit Rider Training Program): Under the department's Circuit Rider Trainer Program (CRTP) INAC provides funds to engage circuit riders (third party water and wastewater system experts who provide water and wastewater system operators with on-site, mentoring, training, and emergency assistance). The third-party service providers that provide circuit rider services also provide operators with a 24/7 emergency hotline. (INAC Protocol for Centralised Wastewater Systems in First Nations Communities)

Circuit Rider Training Program: The main vehicle by which most First Nations operators receive the required training to operate their systems. This program provides qualified experts who rotate through a circuit of communities, providing hands-on training for the operators on their own system. Circuit rider trainers also help the First Nations with minor troubles and issues of operation and maintenance of their systems. (INAC Plan of Action)

Cistern: A tank for storing potable water or other liquids, usually placed above the ground. (Bow River Basin Council, cited in Alberta Environment Glossary)

Class "D" Cost Estimates: A preliminary estimate, for each community visited, based on available site information, which indicates the approximate magnitude (+/- 40%) of the cost of the actions recommended in the report, and which may be used in developing long-term capital plans and for a preliminary discussion of proposed capital projects.

Collection piping: Sanitary sewer collecting wastewater from individual buildings and homes, for treatment and disposal at a public facility.

Component risk / component risk factors: The overall risk is determined by five component risks: water source/effluent, design, operation, reporting, and operator.

Community Health Representatives (CHRs): Health Canada's local health representatives. They undertake bacteriological and chlorine residual sampling of distributed water within most First Nation communities.

Contact piping: Dedicated watermain to provide chlorine contact time before potable water is distributed to the first user.

Containment liners (for on-site fuel storage): A form of secondary containment used for diesel driven generators or fire pumps.

Continuous discharge to a receiving body: The release of treated wastewater effluent to a lake, river, stream, etc. where the rate of release is continuous (i.e. not batch discharge).

Conventional Wastewater Treatment: Consists of preliminary processes, primary settling to remove heavy solids and floatable materials, secondary biological aeration to metabolize and flocculate colloidal and dissolved organics, and secondary settling to remove additional solids. Tertiary treatment such as disinfection or filtration to further treat the wastewater depending on the level of treatment required for discharge. Waste sludge drawn from these operations is thickened and processed for ultimate disposal, usually either land application or landfilling. Preliminary treatment processes include coarse screening, medium screening, shredding of solids, flow measuring, pumping, grit removal, and pre-aeration. Chlorination of raw wastewater sometimes is used for odor control and to improve settling characteristics of the solids.

Conventional Water Treatment: Consists of a combination of coagulation (adding chemicals called coagulants), flocculation (particles binding together with coagulants) and sedimentation (settling of particles) to remove a large amount of organic compounds and suspended particles, filtration (water passing through porous media) to remove bacteria protozoa and viruses (slow sand filtration) or suspended particles (rapid sand filtration), and disinfection to ensure all the bacteria protozoa and viruses are removed, and provide safe drinking water.

Cross connections: A cross connection is a link between a possible source of pollution and a potable water supply. A pollutant may enter the potable water system when a) the pressure of the pollution source exceeds the pressure of the potable water source or b) when a sudden loss of pressure occurs in the water system and "backflow" occurs. The flow through a water treatment plant should have no instances of treated water coming into contact with raw or wastewater. Backflow preventers should be tested regularly and any actual physical links should be removed.

Decentralized System: A group or groups of communal (as opposed to private) on-site water or wastewater systems. (INAC Protocol for Decentralised Water and Wastewater Systems)

Dedicated transmission main: A length of watermain which has no service connections or hydrants; can refer to the length of raw watermain from a raw water source to the water treatment plant or in the distribution system where there are larger distances between homes.

Discharge Frequency: The frequency in which treated wastewater is discharged; could be continuous, seasonal, annual, etc.

Discharge quality data: Data acquired through the completion of a laboratory analysis of treated wastewater effluent prior to obtaining permission to discharge. Relevant parameters for testing include: 5 day Biochemical Oxygen Demand, Suspended Solids, Fecal Coliforms, pH, Phenols, Oils & Greases, Phosphorus and Temperature.

Disinfectant: A disinfectant is a chemical (commonly chlorine, chloramines, or ozone) or physical process (e.g., ultraviolet light) that inactivates or kills microorganisms such as bacteria, viruses, and protozoa. (INAC Protocol for Decentralised Water and Wastewater Systems)

Disinfection: A process that has as its objective destroying or inactivating pathogenic micro-organisms in water. (Government of Alberta, Environmental Protection and Enhancement Act, cited in Alberta Environment Glossary)

Disinfection By-products: Disinfection by-products are chemical, organic and inorganic substances that can form during a reaction of a disinfectant with naturally present organic or anthropogenic matter in the water. (Lenntech)

Distribution Classification > piped / trucked: Refers to the classification of the delivery of potable water leaving the water treatment plant. This can be either piped (via watermain) or trucked (via truck delivery to individual homes/cisterns). The level of classification involves the number of house connections (population served).

Domestic flows: All demands in the water system excluding fire flows.

Drinking Water: Water of sufficiently high quality that can be consumed or used without risk of immediate or long term harm.

Drinking Water Advisory (DWA): Drinking Water Advisories (DWAs) are preventive measures that are regularly issued in municipalities and communities across Canada; they protect public health from waterborne contaminants that can be present in drinking water. A DWA can be issued in any community and may include boil water advisories, do not consume advisories and do not use advisories. (INAC "Fact Sheet")

Effluent: 1. The liquid waste of municipalities/communities, industries, or agricultural operations. Usually the term refers to a treated liquid released from a wastewater treatment process. (Bow River) 2. The discharge from any on-site sewage treatment component. (Alberta Municipal Affairs; cited in Alberta Environment Glossary)

Effluent quality data: Any test results or monitoring data that describes the condition of treated wastewater effluent.

Effluent Quality Requirements: All effluents from wastewater systems in Canada must comply with all applicable federal legislation including the Canadian Environmental Protection Act, 1999 and the Fisheries Act, as well as any other applicable legislation, including provincial, depending on the geographical location of the system. In addition, all discharges from First Nations wastewater systems shall meet the quality requirements found in the Guidelines for Effluent Quality and Wastewater Treatment at Federal Establishments - EPS 1-EC-76-1 (1976 Guidelines).

For the purposes of determining effluent quality related to ammonia and chlorine, the Notice Requiring the Preparation and Implementation of Pollution Prevention Plans for Inorganic Chloramines and Chlorinated Wastewater Effluents and the Guideline for the Release of Ammonia Dissolved in Water Found in Wastewater Effluents contain additional and/or updated information to the requirements provided in the 1976 Guidelines.

A copy of the Guideline for the Release of Ammonia Dissolved in Water Found in Wastewater Effluents can be found at Environment Canada's website. (INAC Protocol for Centralised Wastewater Systems in First Nations Communities)

Effluent Receiver (also referred to as the receiving body; the receiving environment; the receiver) (see also Effluent and Component risks): The environment that receives treated wastewater, including lakes, rivers, wetlands, sub-surfaces, title fields, open marines, and enclosed bays. It may also refer to a community's method for dealing with wastewater (e.g. Municipal Type Agreements or evaporation).

Elevated Storage: A water tower, which is a reservoir or storage tank mounted on a tower-like structure at the summit of an area of high ground in a place where the water pressure would otherwise be inadequate for distribution at a uniform pressure. (Collins)

Emergency Response Plan (ERP): Emergency response plans for water and wastewater systems are intended to be a quick reference to assist operators and other stakeholders in managing and responding to emergency situations. They include key contact information for persons to be notified and for persons who may be of assistance (e.g. agencies, contractors, suppliers, etc.), as well as standard communication and response protocols. Emergency response plans identify recommended action for "foreseeable" emergencies, and provide methodologies for unforeseen situations.

Facultative Lagoon: The most common type of wastewater treatment lagoon used by small communities and individual households. Facultative lagoons rely on both aerobic and anaerobic decomposition of waste, can be adapted for use in most climates and require no machinery to treat wastewater.

Filter: A device used to remove solids from a mixture or to separate materials. Materials are frequently separated from water using filters. (Edwards Aquifier)

Filter train equipment: Includes all components that form part of the water filtration process from where the raw water enters the filter process to where the filtered water leaves the treatment unit. This does not refer to the disinfection equipment.

Filtration: The mechanical process which removes particulate matter by separating water from solid material, usually by passing it through sand. (Edwards Aquifier)

Fire pump tests: A monthly test for the basic operation and functionality of the fire pump.

Grade Level Storage: A treated water storage reservoir that is constructed at grade, typically with earth mounded on top to provide some frost protection.

GPS: Global Positioning System (GPS) - A navigational system involving satellites and computers that can determine the latitude and longitude of a receiver on Earth by computing the time difference for signals from different satellites to reach the receiver.

Groundwater: Groundwater is any water that is obtained from a subsurface water-bearing soil unit (called an aquifer). 1) Water that flows or seeps downward and saturates soil or rock, supplying springs and wells. The upper surface of the saturate zone is called the water table. 2) Water stored underground in rock crevices and in the pores of geologic materials that make up the Earth's crust. (INAC, Protocol for Decentralised Water and Wastewater Systems)

Groundwater, confined: Groundwater that is under pressure significantly greater than atmospheric, with its upper limit the bottom of a bed with hydraulic conductivity distinctly lower than that of the material in which the confined water occurs. (INAC, Protocol for Decentralised Water and Wastewater Systems)

Groundwater, unconfined: Water in an aquifer that has a water table that is exposed to the atmosphere. (INAC Protocol for Decentralised Water and Wastewater Systems)

Groundwater under the direct influence of surface water (GUDI): This term refers to groundwater sources (e.g., wells, springs, infiltration galleries, etc.) where microbial pathogens are able to travel from nearby surface water to the groundwater source. (Government of Nova Scotia)

Guidelines: Guidelines as referred to in this Assessment include all federal and provincial water and wastewater guidelines for domestic potable water and household sanitary waste. These guidelines include the "Guidelines for Canadian Drinking Water Quality" and all its recommended health and aesthetic guidelines for water quality.

Guidelines for Canadian Drinking Water Quality (GCDWQ): Water quality guidelines developed by the Federal-Provincial-Territorial Committee on Drinking Water and have been published by Health Canada since 1968.

Canadian drinking water supplies are generally of excellent quality. However, water in nature is never "pure." It picks up traces of everything it comes into contact with, including minerals, silt, vegetation, fertilizers, and agricultural run-off. While most of these substances are harmless, some may pose a health risk. To address this risk, Health Canada works with the provincial and territorial governments to develop guidelines that set out the maximum acceptable concentrations of these substances in drinking water. These drinking water guidelines are designed to protect the health of the most vulnerable members of society, such as children and the elderly. The guidelines set out the basic parameters that every water system should strive to achieve in order to provide the cleanest, safest and most reliable drinking water possible.

The Guidelines for Canadian Drinking Water Quality deal with microbiological, chemical and radiological contaminants. They also address concerns with physical and aesthetic characteristics of water, such as taste and odour. (Health Canada)

Guidelines for Effluent Quality and Wastewater Treatment at Federal Establishments, April 1976: The purpose of these guidelines is to indicate the degree of treatment and effluent quality that will be applicable to all wastewater discharged from existing and proposed Federal installations. Use of these guidelines is intended to promote a consistent wastewater approach towards the cleanup and prevention of water pollution and ensure that the best practicable control technologies used. (Government of Canada)

Highlift Pumping: Refers to pumps installed that provide treated water into the water distribution system at pressure; either directly or via water tower.

Hydrant Flushing(see line flushing and swabbing)

Influent: Water, wastewater, or other liquid flowing into a reservoir, basin or treatment plant. (Gowen)

Lagoon: A shallow pond where sunlight, bacterial action, and oxygen work to purify wastewater. Lagoons are typically used for the storage of wastewaters, sludges, liquid wastes, or spent nuclear fuel. (Edwards Aquifier)

Lagoon, aerated: See Aeration

Lagoon, facultative: See Facultative Lagoon.

L/c/d: Measurement of daily water usage as Litres per capita, per day.

Level of Service Standards (INAC ): The Level of Service Standards (LOSS), determined on a national basis, are the levels of service that the Department of Indian Affairs and Northern Development (DIAND) is prepared to financially support to assist First Nations in providing community services comparable to the levels of service that would generally be available in non-native communities of similar size and circumstances.

The Level of Service Standards provide a description of criteria which will be used to establish the level of funding for safe, cost-effective, domestic water supply and wastewater disposal systems for on-reserve housing units and administrative, operative, institutional and recreational buildings. (INAC "Water and Sewage Systems")

Lift Station (also Pumping Station): A point in the sewer system where the wastewater needs to be pumped (lifted) to a higher elevation so that gravity can be used to bring the wastewater to the treatment plant. (Hailey City Hall Public Works)

Line flushing and swabbing (also referred to as watermain swabbing and flushing): Watermain swabbing entails inserting a soft material shaped like a bullet into the watermain through a fire hydrant. The diameter is slightly larger than the watermain and the bullet (swab) is pushed along the watermain by water pressure. As it passes through the watermain, the swab executes a scouring action on the sediment inside the watermain.

During watermain flushing, high velocity water flowing from hydrants is used to remove loose sediment from watermains. (City of Guelph)

L/p/d: Measurement of daily water usage as Litres per person, per day.

MAC (Maximum acceptable concentration): In the Guidelines for Canadian Drinking Water Quality (GCDWQ), Maximum Acceptable Concentrations (MACs) have been established for certain physical, chemical, radiological and microbiological parameters or substances that are known or suspected to cause adverse effects on health. For some parameters, Interim Maximum Acceptable Concentrations (IMACs) are also recommended in the guidelines.

Drinking water that continually has a substance at a greater concentration than the specified MACs will contribute significantly to consumer exposure to the substance and may, in some instances, produce harmful health effects. However, the short-term presence of substances above the MAC levels does not necessarily mean the water constitutes a risk to health. (INAC, National Assessment Summary Report)

Maintenance Management Plan (MMP): Maintenance management plans apply to both water and wastewater systems. They are intended to improve the effectiveness of maintenance activities and are focused on planning, scheduling, and documenting preventative maintenance activities and on documenting unscheduled maintenance.

Manganese: Manganese is a mineral that naturally occurs in rocks and soil and is a normal constituent of the human diet. In some places, it exists in well water as a naturally occurring groundwater mineral, but may also be present due to underground pollution sources. Manganese may become noticeable in tap water at concentrations greater than 0.05 milligrams per liter (mg/L) of water by imparting a colour, odour, or taste to the water. However, health effects from manganese are not a concern until concentrations are approximately 10 times higher. (Conneticut Dept. of Health)

Mechanical Plant/ Mechanical Treatment: Refers to any type of wastewater treatment plant including treatments systems consisting of rotating biological contactors (RBC), sequencing batch reactors (SBR), extended aeration (EA), etc. It does not include natural forms of wastewater treatment like lagoons or septic systems.

Metals Scan (Full): A full metal scan refers to what laboratories call Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS) analysis for the evaluation of trace metals in water samples. This test covers a complete scan of over 20 trace metals in a single analysis.

Municipal Type Agreement (MTA): The situation where First Nations are supplied with treated water from or send their wastewater to a nearby municipality, as outlined in a formal agreement between the two parties. The term is also used in this report to describe a system where the First Nation is supplied with treated water or wastewater treatment services by another First Nation or other independent body such as a corporate entity such as a Casino etc.

Multi-Barrier Approach: Approach used to ensure that drinking water is safe. In the past, the term ‘multi-barrier' referred only to the barriers involved in the actual treatment of raw water to provide quality drinking water. This approach has now been expanded to include a number of key elements that are an integral part of a drinking water program to ensure delivery of safe, secure supplies of drinking water. Barriers may be physical (e.g.: filter) or administrative (e.g.: planning) in nature. (Alberta Environment, Glossary & Alberta's Drinking Water Program)

None: Indicates that the treatment and/or distribution/collection system has not been classified.

O & M: Operation and Maintenance.

Operational Plan (OP): An Operational Plan is the primary instrument for communicating the Community's quality management system (QMS) from the public works departments (water and wastewater) to Chief and Council, and from Council to INAC, Health Canada and the community members.

Phosphorus: A non-metallic element of the nitrogen family that occurs widely especially as phosphates (Merriam-Webster). Phosphorus occurs naturally in rocks, soil, animal waste, plant material, and even the atmosphere. In addition to these natural sources, phosphorus comes from human activities such as agriculture, discharge of industrial and municipal waste, and surface water runoff from residential and urban areas. Nutrients held in soil can be dissolved in water and carried off by leaching, tile drainage or surface runoff.

Phosphorus does not pose a direct threat to human health; it is an essential component of all cells and is present in bones and teeth. It does, however, pose an indirect threat to both aesthetics and to human health by affecting source waters used for drinking and recreation. For example, excessive nutrients can promote the growth of algal blooms, which can contribute to a wide range of water quality problems by affecting the potability, taste, odour, and colour of the water. (Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment)

Piped Distribution System: A water distribution system which relies on pipes to convey water through pumping or elevated storage to the end user. Different from trucked distribution in that a trucked distribution system delivers water to end users in batch quantities to individual holding tanks (cisterns).

Potable water: Potable water is water that is destined for human consumption. For the purposes of the Protocol for Centralised Drinking Water Systems in First Nations Communities, water destined for human consumption is water that is consumed directly as drinking water, water that is used in cooking, water that is used to wash food, and water that is used for bathing infants (individuals under 1 year in age). (INAC , Protocol for Centralised Drinking Water Systems in First Nations Communities)

PPU: People per unit. Measurement to describe housing density.

Primary Operator: The main operator of a water or wastewater system. The primary operator must be certified to the level of the treatment and distribution/collection system.

Primary Wastewater Treatment: Removal of particulate materials from domestic wastewater, usually done by allowing the solid materials to settle as a result of gravity. Typically, the first major stage of treatment encountered by domestic wastewater as it enters a treatment facility. Primary treatment plants generally remove 25 to 35 percent of the Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD) and 45 to 65 percent of the total suspended matter. Also, any process used for the decomposition, stabilization, or disposal of sludges produced by settling. (North American Lake Management Society; cited in Alberta Environment Glossary)

Protocol for Safe Drinking Water in First Nations Communities: Standards for design, construction, operation, maintenance, and monitoring of drinking water systems and is intended for use by First Nations staff responsible for water systems. It is also intended for use by Indian and Northern Affairs Canada (INAC) staff, Public Works and Government Services Canada (PWGSC) for INAC staff, and all others involved in providing advice or assistance to First Nations in the design, construction, operation, maintenance, and monitoring of their drinking water systems in their communities, in accordance with established federal or provincial standards, whichever are the most stringent.

Any water system that produces drinking water destined for human consumption, that is funded in whole or in part by INAC , and that serves five or more households or a public facility, must comply with the requirements of this protocol. (INAC Protocol)

Quality Assurance/Quality Control (QA/QC): A quality management system that focuses on fulfilling quality requirements and providing confidence that quality requirements will be fulfilled.

Reporting Risk: The Reporting risk level is the risk inherent with the operational method of recording data and providing the required reports. This would include both manual and automatic methods of record keeping. The reporting risk ranking is based on the adequacy of the operational records and the number of reports submitted during the year compared to the total number of records and reports required according to the appropriate legislation, standards, and operation procedures of the system in question.

Reservoir: A man-made lake that collects and stores water for future use. During periods of low river flow, reservoirs can release additional flow if water is available. (Government of Alberta, Water for Life, cited in Alberta Glossary)

Reservoir Cleaning: This involves the pump-down, clean-out, removal of settled material, disinfection and refill of a water storage reservoir. This activity requires confined space entry equipment and training.

Retrofit: 1. To furnish with new or modified parts or equipment not available or considered necessary at the time of manufacture; 2. To install (new or modified parts or equipment) in something previously manufactured or constructed; 3. To adapt to a new purpose or need: modify. (Merriam-Webster)

Rotating Biological Contactor (RBC): A technology used to treat wastewater classified as mechanical treatment.

Risk (Management Risk Level/Management Risk Score): Risk is defined in INAC's Management Risk Level Evaluation Guidelines for Water and Wastewater Systems in First Nations Communities (Revised 2010). These guidelines follow the Multi-Barrier Approach for water management. This approach, developed by the Federal-Provincial-Territorial Committee on Drinking Water and the Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment (CCME) Water Quality Task Group, is intended to prevent the presence of water-borne contaminants in drinking water by ensuring effective safeguards are in place at each stage of a drinking water system.

Following that approach, INAC assesses five main components of a system to determine an overall system management risk score:

Each of these components is assigned a risk score, which are then weighed to determine the overall management risk score of a system. The resulting score will then result in the management of the system as being classified as either high risk, medium risk, or low risk.

High Risk: Major deficiencies in most of the components. Should a problem arise, the system and management as a whole is unlikely to be able to compensate, thus there is a high probability that any problem could result in unsafe water. Issues should be addressed as soon as possible.

Medium Risk: Minor deficiencies in several components, or major deficiencies in one or two components. Should a problem arise, the system and management can probably compensate for the problem, but the noted deficiencies makes this uncertain, thus there is a medium probability that any problem could result in unsafe water. Issues need to be addressed.

Low Risk: Minor or no deficiencies with the system or management. Should a problem occur, it is likely that the system and management as a whole will be able to compensate and continue to provide safe water while the issue is being resolved.

It is important to distinguish between INAC's system management risk level and drinking water quality. The actual quality of the water produced by a system is but one part of determining the overall system management risk level.

Unsafe drinking water is noted through the implementation of Drinking Water Advisories (DWA), not by the management risk level of the system. DWA come in multiple forms, the most common being the boil water advisory.

A system with a high-risk ranking under INAC's management evaluation is, because of its multiple deficiencies, likely to be unable to cope with problems that may occur in the system that result in a DWA. This means that DWA are likely to occur more frequently and to have a longer-term duration on a high-risk system. On the other hand, while problems can and do occur in low-risk systems, because of better overall risk management, these systems are more likely to address the problem in the short term, resulting in the rapid removal of problems and DWA.

This means that a high-risk drinking system can still produce perfectly safe and potable water. Deficiencies should be addressed as quickly as possible, however, before any issues arise with the water quality. (INAC, Management Risk Level Evaluation Guidelines)

SCADA (Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition) system: Refers to a control and/or computer system that can monitor, record and control infrastructure, or facility-based processes.

Screened reservoir vents: Reservoir vents should be screened to allow air movement and to prevent vermin from entering.

Seasonal discharge: Discharge of wastewater at times of maximum or substantial stream flow. This may vary from location to location.

Secondary containment for treatment chemicals: Secondary containment is required for the storage of all regulated hazardous materials. Secondary containment must be constructed using materials capable of containing a spill or leak for at least as long as the period between monitoring inspections. A means of providing overfill protection for any primary container may be required. This may be an overfill prevention device and/or an attention getting high level alarm. Materials that in combination may cause a fire or explosion, the production of a flammable, toxic, poisonous gas, or the deterioration of a primary or secondary container will be separated in both the primary and secondary treatment containment so as to avoid intermixing.

Secondary Treatment: involving the biological process of reducing suspended, colloidal, and dissolved organic/inorganic matter in effluent from primary treatment systems and which generally removes 80 to 95 percent of the Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) and suspended matter. Secondary wastewater treatment may be accomplished by biological or chemical-physical methods. Activated sludge and trickling filters are two of the most common means of secondary treatment. (North American Lake Management Society, cited in Alberta Glossary)

Septic tank: A tank used to detain domestic wastes to allow the settling of solids prior to distribution to a leach field for soil absorption. Septic tanks are used when a piped wastewater collection system is not available to carry them to a treatment plant. A settling tank in which settled sludge is in immediate contact with sewage flowing through the tank, and wherein solids are decomposed by anaerobic bacterial action. (INAC Protocol for Centralised Wastewater)

Septic system: A combination of underground pipe(s) and holding tank(s) which are used to hold, decompose, and clean wastewater for subsurface disposal. (Bow River, cited in Alberta Glossary)

Sequencing Batch Reactor (SBR): A treatment technology used to treat wastewater classified as mechanical treatment.

Sewage treatment plant (STP) (also known as Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP) or Water Pollution Control Plant (WPCP)): Facility designed to treat wastewater (sewage) by removing materials that may damage water quality and threaten public health. (Ontario Ministry of Environment)

Sewage treatment systems: Facility or system designed to treat wastewater (sewage) by removing materials that may damage water quality and threaten public health. (Ontario Ministry of Environment)

Shoot-out: A septic system consisting of a septic tank with untreated wastewater effluent being discharged to the surface; this poses a health risk.

Sludge: The accumulated wet or dry solids that are separated from wastewater during treatment. This includes precipitates resulting from the chemical or biological treatment of wastewater. (Government of Alberta, Activities, cited in Alberta Glossary)

Source Classification: The determination of the water source classification in this assessment includes the options of: surface water, groundwater, GUDI or MTA. Surface water includes water from lakes or rivers; groundwater includes any well water that is not influenced by surface water infiltration; GUDI is any groundwater source under the direct influence of surface water; MTA as a source refers to the community acquiring the treated water from a municipality.

Source risk: The risk inherent in the quality and quantity of the raw source water prior to treatment.

Source Water Protection: 1. The prevention of pollution of the lakes, reservoirs, rivers, streams, and groundwater that serve as sources of drinking water. Wellhead protection would be an example of a source water protection approach that protects groundwater sources, whereas management of land around a lake or reservoir used for drinking water would be an example for surface water supplies. Source water protection programs typically include: delineating source water protection areas; identifying sources of contamination; implementing measures to manage these changes; and planning for the future. (North American Lake Management Society, cited in Alberta Glossary)

2. Action taken to control or minimize the potential for introduction of chemicals or contaminants in source waters, including water used as a source of drinking water (Alberta Environment, Standards and Guidelines, cited in Alberta Glossary).

SPS: An abbreviation of the term sewage pumping station.

Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs): An SOP is a written document or instruction detailing all steps and activities of a process or procedure. This would include all procedures used in water/wastewater treatment processes that could affect the quality.

Standpipe Storage: An above-grade storage facility where the storage volume is contained within the entirety of the structure. This type of storage is most feasible for use where there is sufficient change in the topography to allow for maximum usable volume in the standpipe.

Storage Type: Refers to whether the community water storage is via grade-level, below-grade or elevated storage (including standpipes and towers). In some cases there is no storage thus the storage type would be considered "direct pump."

Surface water: Surface water is any water that is obtained from sources, such as lakes, rivers, and reservoirs that are open to the atmosphere. (INAC, Protocol for Centralised Drinking Water)

System Designer: A system designer is a person, such as a professional engineer, who is qualified to design a water or wastewater systems. (INAC, Protocol for Centralised Drinking Water)

System Operator: A system operator is a First Nation employee or third party under contract to a First Nation who is tasked with managing a water or wastewater system. (INAC, Protocol for Centralised Drinking Water)

System Manager: A system manager is a First Nation employee or third party under contract to a First Nation who is tasked with managing a water or wastewater system. (INAC, Protocol for Centralised Drinking Water)

Tertiary Treatment: Selected biological, physical, and chemical separation processes to remove organic and inorganic substances that resist conventional treatment practices. Tertiary Treatment processes may consist of flocculation basins, clarifiers, filters, and chlorine basins or ozone or ultraviolet radiation processes. Tertiary techniques may also involve the application of wastewater to land to allow the growth of plants to remove plant nutrients. Can include advanced nutrient removal processes. (North American Lake Management Society, cited in Alberta Glossary)

Trihalomethanes (THMs): Chemical compounds that can be formed when water is disinfected using chlorine or bromine as the chemical disinfection agent. These chemical compounds are formed when organic material present in the raw source water reacts with chlorine or bromine. Therefore, THMs are classified as disinfection by-products (DBPs). The primary source of organic material comes from decaying vegetation found in lakes, rivers and streams and for this reason, THMs are more commonly observed in water systems that use a surface water source. The four chemical compounds that are measured and used to calculate total THMs are: chloroform, bromoform, bromodichloromethane (BDCM) and chlorodibromomethane (CDBM). THMs are a concern in potable water because there is scientific evidence that they may pose a risk in the development of cancer.

Treatment Certification: The treatment level to which an operator is certified for water treatment and distribution and wastewater treatment and collection systems (see Treatment Classification).

Treatment Classification: The size (flow) and complexity of a water or wastewater system is used to determine the Class of a system using a point template. The knowledge and experience it takes to operate a system is closely related to its classification and is reflected in the level of certification of the operator. Systems that are small and relatively simple, are classified as Small Water or Wastewater Systems. Larger or more complex systems are ranked as Class I, II, III, and IV with the highest being Class IV. Systems should be operated under the supervision of an operator certified to at least the same level of the facility.

TSS (Total Suspended Solids): Measure of the amount of non-dissolved solid material present in water or wastewater. Total suspended solids (TSS) can cause:

a) interference with light penetration (in UV applications),
b) build-up of sediment and
c) can carry nutrients and other toxic pollutants that cause algal blooms and potential reduction in aquatic habitat (wastewater).

Underground Storage: A water storage facility (reservoir/clearwell) which is located 100% below-grade. Often located below the water treatment plant.

Waste: Any solid or liquid material, product, or combination of them that is intended to be treated or disposed of or that is intended to be stored and then treated or disposed. This does not include recyclables. (Government of Alberta, Activities Designation Regulation, cited in Alberta Glossary)

Waste management plan: A Waste Management Plan identifies and describes types of waste generated during operations and how they are managed and disposed of.

Wastewater (Industrial Wastewater, Domestic Wastewater): A combination of liquid and water-carried pollutants from homes, businesses, industries, or farms; a mixture of water and dissolved or suspended solids. (North American Lake Management Society, cited in Alberta Glossary)

Wastewater System: an organized process and associated structures for collecting, treating, and disposing of wastewater. For the purposes of this report, it is a system serving five or more houses. It includes any or all of the following:

  1. Sewers and pumping stations that make up a wastewater collection system.
  2. Sewers and pumping stations that transport untreated wastewater from a wastewater collection system to a wastewater treatment plant.
  3. Wastewater treatment plants.
  4. Facilities that provide storage for treated wastewater.
  5. Wastewater sludge treatment and disposal facilities.
  6. Sewers that transport treated wastewater from a wastewater treatment plant to the place where it is disposed of.
  7. Treated wastewater outfall facilities, including the outfall structures to a watercourse or any structures for disposal of treated wastewater to land or to wetlands. (Government of Alberta, Environmental Protection and Enhancement Act, cited in Alberta Glossary)

Wastewater Treatment: Any of the mechanical, chemical or biological processes used to modify the quality of wastewater (sewage) in order to make it more compatible or acceptable to man and his/her environment. (North American Lake Management System, cited in Alberta Glossary)

Wastewater Treatment Plant: Any structure, thing, or process used for the physical, chemical, biological, or radiological treatment of wastewater before it is returned to the environment. The term also includes any structure, thing, or process used for wastewater storage or disposal, or sludge treatment, storage, or disposal. (Government of Alberta, Activities, cited in Alberta Glossary)

Watermain: A principal pipe in a system of pipes for conveying water, especially one installed underground. (American Heritage Dictionary)

Water quality: The term used to describe the chemical, physical, and biological characteristics of water, usually with respect to its suitability for a particular purpose. (INAC, Protocol for Centralised Drinking Water)

Water use: The term water use refers to water that is used for a specific purpose, such as for domestic use, irrigation, or industrial processing. Water use pertains to human interaction with and influence on the hydrolic cycle, and includes elements, such as water withdrawal from surface- and ground-water sources, water delivery to homes and businesses, consumptive use of water, water released from wastewater-treatment plans, water returned to the environment, and in-stream uses, such as using water to produce hydroelectric power. (INAC, Protocol for Centralised Drinking Water)

Water Well: An opening in the ground, whether drilled or altered from its natural state, that is used for the production of groundwater, obtaining data on groundwater, or recharging an underground formation from which groundwater can be recovered. By definition in the provincial Water Act, a water well also includes any related equipment, buildings, and structures. (Government of Alberta, Water for Life, cited in Alberta, Glossary)

Wellhead Protection Area: A protected surface and subsurface zone surrounding a well or well field supplying a public water system to keep contaminants from reaching the well water. (Edwards Aquifier)

Wellhead Protection Plan: A wellhead protection plan defines the wellhead protection area, identifies potential sources of contamination, manages the potential contaminant sources including properly decommissioning abandoned wells, identifies emergency and contingency plans (i.e. what to do if the well becomes contaminated or requires additional capacity) and provides overall public awareness.

References

Appendix B - System Summary

Appendix B.1 Water System Summary

Regional Roll-Up Summary: Water

Region: Ontario
Total No. of First Nations: 121
Participating No. of First Nations: 120
Participation Level: 99%
No. of Community Reports Issued: 122

  Groundwater GUDI Surface MTA Totals
Total No. of Systems 39 13 94 12 158
System Age
0-5 years (2006 - 2010) 6 0 11 1 18
6-10 years (2001 - 2005) 2 1 14 1 18
10-15 years (1996 - 2000) 8 5 42 2 57
15 -20 years (1991 - 1995) 13 4 18 0 35
> 20 years (≤ 1990) 10 3 9 8 30
Treatment
None - Direct Use 3 1 0 0 4
Disinfection only 17 2 8 0 27
Conventional Filtration 19 10 86 0 115
MTA 0 0 0 12 12
Classification - Treatment
Small system 8 0 16 0 24
Level I 23 7 15 0 45
Level II 6 4 52 0 62
Level III 0 1 11 0 12
MTA 0 0 0 12 12
None 2 1 0 0 3
Classification - Distribution
Small system 11 1 11 1 24
Level I 19 8 67 7 101
Level II 7 3 13 1 24
MTA 0 0 0 3 3
None 1 1 3 0 5
Unknown 1 0 0 0 1
Distribution
Piped 39 13 71 9 132
Water Quality
Fails Health
Yes, fails health due to: 20 12 70 3 105
Design 6 4 24 0 34
Operation 11 4 33 1 49
Combination 3 3 12 0 18
Unknown 0 1 1 2 4
Fails Aesthetic
Yes, fails aesthetic due to: 28 12 59 3 102
Design 11 4 25 1 41
Operation 13 4 22 1 40
Combination 3 3 10 0 16
Unknown 1 1 2 1 5
Primary Operator - Treatment
Not certified 13 3 39 0 55
No operator 1 0 2 0 3
Not required 2 1 0 12 15
Certified to Level 23 8 34 0 65
Certified 0 1 19 0 20
Back-up Operator - Treatment
Not certified 14 7 58 0 79
No operator 9 1 7 0 17
Not required 2 1 0 12 15
Certified to Level 10 1 7 0 18
Certified 4 3 22 0 29
Primary Operator - Distribution
Not certified 15 4 51 5 75
No operator 1 0 2 1 4
Not required 1 1 3 3 8
Certified to Level 19 8 32 3 62
Certified 3 0 6 0 9
Back-up Operator - Distribution
Not certified 13 7 63 4 87
No operator 9 1 6 2 18
Not required 1 1 3 3 8
Certified to Level 9 2 19 3 33
Certified 7 2 3 0 12

Risk (mean) Groundwater GUDI Surface MTA Mean Mean excluding MTA
Final 6.3 7.0 6.4 4.1 6.2 6.4
Source 6.2 9.5 8.6 1.9 7.5 8.0
Design 5.3 7.2 5.5 3.2 5.4 5.6
Operations 7.2 7.3 7.0 5.3 6.9 7.1
Reporting 7.7 7.6 6.8 5.9 7.0 7.1
Operator 2.7 2.7 3.4 2.3 3.1 3.2

Appendix B.2 Wastewater System Summary

Regional Roll-Up Summary: Wastewater

Region: Ontario
Total No. of First Nations: 121
Participating No. of First Nations: 120
Participation Level: 99%
No. of Community Reports Issued: 122

  Septic Aerated Lagoon Facultative Lagoon Mechanical Other MTA Totals
Total No. of Systems 4 1 37 27 2 6 77
System Age
0-5 years (2006 - 2010) 1 0 3 1 1 0 6
6-10 years (2001 - 2005) 0 0 7 5 0 0 12
10-15 years (1996 - 2000) 1 0 14 11 1 4 31
15 -20 years (1991 - 1995) 1 0 8 6 0 0 15
> 20 years (≤ 1990) 1 1 5 4 0 2 13
Classification - Treatment
Small System 3 0 1 2 1 0 7
MTA 0 0 0 0 0 6 6
Level I 1 0 36 8 1 0 46
Level II 0 1 0 16 0 0 17
Level III 0 0 0 1 0 0 1
Classification - Collection
Small System 2 0 2 3 0 1 8
Level I 1 1 26 20 1 2 51
Level II 0 0 7 4 0 1 12
MTA 0 0 0 0 0 2 2
None 1 0 2 0 1 0 4
Collection
Piped 4 1 25 19 2 5 56
Low Pressure 0 0 0 1 0 0 1
Trucked 0 0 3 0 0 0 3
Combined 0 0 9 7 0 1 17
Effluent Quality
No data 3 0 25 4 2 5 39
Meets 1 0 9 7 0 1 18
Does not meet 0 1 3 16 0 0 20
Primary Operator - Treatment
Not certified 1 0 23 13 0 0 37
No operator 2 1 5 2 0 0 10
Not required 0 0 0 0 0 6 6
Certified to Level 1 0 9 6 2 0 18
Certified 0 0 0 6 0 0 6
Back-Up Operator - Treatment
Not certified 2 0 20 19 2 0 43
No operator 2 1 13 5 0 0 21
Not required 0 0 0 0 0 6 6
Certified to Level 0 0 4 1 0 0 5
Certified 0 0 0 2 0 0 2
Primary Operator - Collection
Not certified 1 0 22 12 0 3 38
No operator 1 1 5 2 0 0 9
Not required 1 0 2 0 1 2 6
Certified to Level 1 0 5 12 1 0 19
Certified 0 0 3 1 0 1 5
Back-Up Operator - Collection
Not certified 2 0 18 19 1 3 43
No operator 1 1 13 5 0 1 21
Not required 1 0 2 0 1 2 6
Certified to Level 0 0 2 3 0 0 5
Certified 0 0 2 0 0 0 2
Receiver
Large river 0 1 3 4 0 0 8
Creek 0 0 4 4 0 0 8
Lake, reservoir 0 0 11 9 0 0 20
River 0 0 6 6 0 0 12
Wetland 1 0 12 3 0 0 16
Tile field 2 0 1 1 1 0 5
Sub-surface / Ground 1 0 0 0 1 0 2
MTA 0 0 0 0 0 6 6

Risk (mean) Septic Aerated Lagoon Facultative Lagoon Mechanical Other MTA Mean Mean excluding MTA
Final 5.4 8.1 6.2 6.5 4.3 4.6 6.1 6.3
Effluent Receiver 4.3 8.0 6.5 8.1 5.0 3.0 6.7 7.0
Design 3.5 6.0 4.8 5.0 3.5 4.0 4.7 4.8
Operations 8.0 8.0 7.7 7.5 5.5 5.7 7.4 7.6
Reporting 4.0 10.0 7.0 7.7 8.0 6.0 7.1 7.2
Operator 6.5 10.0 5.8 4.3 1.0 3.7 5.1 5.2

Appendix C - Site Visit Methodology

Site Visits

Typical Day

Arrive in Community – Lead/Senior Inspector & Technical Support
  • Meet with Circuit Rider and/or DIAND representative and First Nation/Tribal Council Representatives to undergo introductions and provide a brief synopsis of the activities to be undertaken for the day. This is based on the assumption that the First Nation has been fully briefed by DIAND on the purpose, process and benefits for the First Nation to cooperate and collaborate with the project.
  • Confirm the various components that the First Nation uses to provide water to the entire community (i.e. number and types of distribution systems, source types, private wells, etc.) to help build assessment form for the community.
  • Pre-select areas to undertake private system evaluations on community map.
  • Confirm any missing background data that may be available allowing the First Nation time during the day to have Public Works Director/Supervisor/Secretary/etc to locate such materials.
Lead/Senior – Inspector
  • Meet with Chief/Housing Manager/Band Manager/Finance Manager, to identify:
    • future servicing needs (planned development and population growth)
    • servicing constraints (source availability, soils, groundwater, bedrock, topography, etc.)
    • identify the extent to which non structural solutions or optimization strategies (water conservation, leak reduction, etc) have been previously investigated or implemented
    • confirm current population and housing numbers
    • obtain financial information not previously provided
    • note community concerns related to future servicing.
  • Complete a walk through of the water plant from source to storage.
  • Prepare a flow schematic (internal use).
  • Complete the assessment questionnaire on treatment/storage/operations/operator(s) etc. with Operator/Circuit Rider.
  • Take photographs.
  • Travel to main sewage pumping station and wastewater treatment facility.
  • Complete a walk through of the plant from influent to effluent.
  • Prepare a flow schematic (internal use).
  • Complete assessment questionnaire.
  • Take photographs.
  • Complete ACRS update.
  • Repeat for additional water or wastewater facilities.
  • Review information collected by Technical Support
  • Gather all background/operational data gathered by First Nation
  • Complete overall notes.
Technical Support
  • Gather any relevant operational data (water and wastewater), if not already provided and arrange with the First Nation to have copied/scanned that day.
  • Obtain GPS coordinates of source(s) and treatment.
  • Complete the source questions on the assessment questionnaire.
  • Undertake sampling of the raw and/or treated water, if necessary.
  • Take photographs.
  • Complete ACRS update.
  • Travel around community with First Nation representative and undertake private system assessments for water and/or septic including GPS coordinates, photographs, assessment forms and sampling.
  • Meet back with Lead/Senior Inspector at wastewater location and assist with sampling, if required.

Sampling Requirements

Water Sampling

The terms of reference state, "The sampling program for public water systems should reflect the requirements of the most stringent regulations applicable in the Province in which the community is located. However, should an adequate sampling program already be in place, then existing data may be used. Bidders should assume sampling and testing will be required for 5% of total wells, septics, and cisterns identified in SW5. Septics and cisterns only require a visual inspection. All bidders are required to carry a $500,000 allowance for this purpose. Any variances should be identified in the Inception Report."

Health Canada data is anticipated to be available for the majority of the water systems. Where data is not available, sampling will be conducted as part of the inspection.

Minimum existing data required will include:

Community systems

  • bacteriological – monthly available for previous year
  • general chemistry – annually (treated)
  • full Volatile Organic Compound analysis – within 5 years

Private wells

  • bacteriological – one sample within past year
  • basic chemistry – one sample within past year

For public systems where data is not available, treated water samples will be obtained and submitted to a laboratory for testing that would include; Basic Chemistry, Full Metals Scan, Bacteria and Volatile Organic Compounds.

For public systems that include a piped distribution system and where distributed water quality data is not available, a sample will be taken from the most remote point in the distribution system and sampled for Disinfection By-Products.

For individual wells, samples will be obtained from a representative number of wells (5% of total wells) in the community. The testing will include; Basic Chemistry, Full Metals Scan and Bacteria.

Wastewater Sampling

For systems lacking existing discharge quality data, and that will be discharging at the time of the site visit, representative samples will be obtained and submitted to a laboratory for testing. This would include seasonal discharges at the time of the site visit and from plants with continuous discharge to a receiving body. Sewage treatment systems providing an equivalent to secondary treatment (lagoons, and mechanical facilities) for which effluent quality data does not include the parameters of BOD5, TSS, and E.Coli, will be sampled in the field, if they are in fact discharging at the time of site visit. Similarly, sewage treatment systems providing an equivalent to tertiary treatment for which effluent quality data does not include BOD5, TSS, Ammonia, Total Phosphorous and E.Coli, will be sampled in the field, if they are in fact discharging at the time of the site visit.

Appendix D - First Nation Water Summaries

Appendix D.1  Individual First Nation Water Summary

Table D.1 - 1: Water System Regional Summary of Water Treatment, Storage and Distribution Systems
First Nation Information Water System Information
Band Number - Band Name System Number System Name Water Source Treatment Class Const Year
172 - Aamjiwnaang 7178 Aamjiwnaang Water System MTA MTA 1971
153 - Anishinabe of Wauzhushk Onigum 15902 Bald Indian Bay Water Treatment Plant Surface Water Level I 2000
153 - Anishinabe of Wauzhushk Onigum 6484 Wauzhushk Onigum Water Treatment Unit - 2nd Portage Surface Water Level I 1990
125 - Anishnaabeg of Naongashiing 6482 Saug-A-Gaw-Sing Water Treatment System Groundwater GUDI Level II 1997
242 - Aroland 7130 Aroland Water Treatment System Groundwater Level I 1993
143 - Attawapiskat 7141 Attawapiskat Water Treatment System Surface Water Level III 2001
180 - Aundeck-Omni-Kaning 7219 Sucker Creek Water Treatment System Surface Water Level II 2004
198 - Batchewana First Nation 7154 MTA) MTA MTA 1996
207 - Bearskin Lake 7234 Bearskin Lake Water Treatment System Surface Water Level II 1994
141 - Beausoleil 7159 Cedar Point Water Treatment System Groundwater Level I 2006
141 - Beausoleil 7158 Christian Island Water Treatment System Surface Water Level II 1999
124 - Big Grassy 6466 Big Grassy Water Treatment System Surface Water Level II 1997
197 - Biinjitiwaabik Zaaging Anishinaabek 7188 Rocky Bay Water Treatment System Surface Water Level II 2008
228 - Brunswick House 7228 Brunswick House Water Treatment System Surface Water Level I 2000
216 - Cat Lake 7236 Cat Lake Water Treatment System Surface Water Level III 1995
221 - Chapleau Cree First Nation 7139 Chapleau Cree Water Treatment System Groundwater GUDI Level II 1994
229 - Chapleau Ojibway 7229 Chapleau Ojibwe Water Treatment System Groundwater Level I 2006
138 - Chippewas of Georgina Island 7157 Georgina Island Water Treatment System Surface Water Level II 1992
171 - Chippewas of Kettle and Stony Point 7177 Kettle and Stony Point Water Treatment System Surface Water Level II 1993
122 - Chippewas of Nawash 7203 Neyaashiinigmiing Water Treatment System Surface Water Level II 1990
166 - Chippewas of the Thames First Nation 7174 Chippewas of the Thames Water Treatment System Groundwater GUDI Level I 1992
182 - Constance Lake 7131 Constance Lake Water Treatment System Surface Water Level II 1986
126 - Couchiching First Nation 7161 Town of Fort Frances MTA MTA 1988
161 - Curve Lake 7201 Curve Lake Water Treatment System Groundwater GUDI Level I 1985
237 - Deer Lake 6545 Deer Lake Water Treatment System Surface Water Level II 1999
218 - Dokis 7222 Dokis Water Treatment System Groundwater Level I 1992
183 - Eabametoong First Nation 7132 Eabametoong Water Treatment System Surface Water Level II 1992
148 - Eagle Lake 6529 Eagle Lake Water Treatment System Surface Water Level II 2000
142 - Fort Albany 7140 Fort Albany Water Treatment System Surface Water Level II 1998
215 - Fort Severn 6544 Fort Severn Water Treatment System Surface Water Level II 2002
187 - Fort William 7182 Thunder Bay Water Treatment System MTA MTA 1985
199 - Garden River First Nation NEW001 ECHO RIVER WATER TREATMENT SYSTEM Groundwater Level I 1982
199 - Garden River First Nation 7147 Garden River Water Treatment System Groundwater Level I 1992
185 - Ginoogaming First Nation 7134 Town of Long Lac Water Treatment System MTA MTA 1983
149 - Grassy Narrows First Nation 6530 Grassy Narrows Water Treatment System Surface Water Level II 1993
188 - Gull Bay (Kiashke Zaaging Anishinaabek) 7183 Gull Bay Water Treatment System Surface Water Level I 1970
231 - Henvey Inlet First Nation 7224 Henvey Inlet Pumphouse #2 Water Treatment System Groundwater Level I 2006
162 - Hiawatha First Nation NEW002 HIAWATHA APARTMENT COMPLEX Groundwater Small System 1991
154 - No. 39 Independent First N 6533 Shoal Lake 39 Water Treatment System Surface Water Level II 1998
210 - Kasabonika Lake 7170 Kasabonika Lake Water Treatment System Surface Water Level II 2006
243 - Kashechewan 7144 Kashechewan Water Treatment System Surface Water Level III 1997
325 - Kee-Way-Win First Nation 17010 Keewaywin's New Water Treatment System Surface Water Level II 2008
212 - Kingfisher 7171 Kingfisher Lake Water Treatment System Surface Water Level II 2008
209 - Kitchenuhmaykoosib Inninuwug 6541 Kitchenuhmaykoosib Water Treatment System Surface Water Level II 2002
127 - Lac La Croix 7162 Lac La Croix Water Treatment System Surface Water Level I 1994
205 - Lac Seul 6539 Frenchman's Head Water Treatment System Surface Water Level II 2000
205 - Lac Seul 15905 Kejick Bay Water Treatment System Groundwater Level I 1989
205 - Lac Seul 15906 Whitefish Bay Water Treatment System Groundwater None 1989
184 - Long Lake No.58 First Nation 7133 Town of Long Lac Water Treatment System MTA MTA 1978
174 - Magnetawan 7225 Magnetawan Water Treatment System Surface Water Level II 1998
186 - Martin Falls 7135 Marten Falls Water Treatment System Surface Water Level II 1997
219 - Matachewan 7226 Matachewan Water Treatment System Groundwater Level I 2005
226 - Mattagami 7227 Mattagami Water Treatment System Groundwater Level I 2008
181 - M'Chigeeng First Nation 14199 West Bay & Lakeview Water Treatment System Surface Water Level II 2003
225 - Michipicoten 7180 Michipicoten Water Treatment System Surface Water Level II 1997
203 - Mishkeegogamang 7190 Mishkeegogamang (New Osnaburgh) Water Treatment System Surface Water Level II 2000
203 - Mishkeegogamang 7189 Mishkeegogamang (Ten House) Well Water Treatment System Groundwater Level II 1998
203 - Mishkeegogamang NEW002 WELL AT ACE LAKE Groundwater Level I 1995
200 - Mississauga 7146 Mississauga Water Treatment System Groundwater Level II 1998
140 - Mississaugas of Scugog Island First Nation 15899 Mississauga's of Scugog Island Pumphouse #1 Groundwater Small System 1991
140 - Mississaugas of Scugog Island First Nation 15900 Mississauga's of Scugog Island Pumphouse #2 Groundwater Small System 1994
140 - Mississaugas of Scugog Island First Nation NEW001 MISSISSAUGAS OF SCUGOG ISLAND PUMPHOUSE #3 Groundwater Small System 1997
120 - Mississaugas of the Credit 7211 New Credit Water Distribution System MTA MTA 1971
159 - Mohawks of Akwesasne 15919 Aksesasne Corwall Island West Water Treatment System Surface Water Level III 2006
159 - Mohawks of Akwesasne 6486 Akwesasne St. Regis Water Treatment System Surface Water Level III 1998
159 - Mohawks of Akwesasne 6485 Akwesasne Wade Lafrance Rd. Pumphouse house Groundwater GUDI Level I 2004
164 - Mohawks of the Bay of Quinte 6528 Airport Pumphouse and Treatment Facility Surface Water Level I 1971
164 - Mohawks of the Bay of Quinte NEW001 TOWN OF DESERONTO WATER SYSTEM MTA MTA 0
144 - Moose Cree First Nation 7142 Moose Factory Water Treatment System Surface Water Level II 1990
135 - Moose Deer Point 7160 King Bay & Issac Bay Pumphouse Systems Surface Water Level II 1998
167 - Moravian of the Thames 7175 Moravian of the Thames Water Treatment System Groundwater GUDI Level I 1996
168 - Munsee-Delaware Nation NEW001 WATER DISTRIBUTION MTA MTA 2000
213 - Muskrat Dam Lake 6542 Muskrat Dam Lake Water Treatment System Surface Water Level II 1996
128 - Naicatchewenin 7163 Naicatchewenin Water Treatment System Surface Water Level I 1985
158 - Naotkamegwanning 6537 Whitefish Bay Water Treatment System Surface Water Level II 1998
239 - Neskantaga First Nation 7137 Neskantaga Water Treatment System Surface Water Level I 1991
241 - Nibinamik First Nation 7138 Nibinamik Water Treatment System Surface Water Level I 1997
129 - Nicickousemenecaning 7164 Nicickousemenecaning Water Treatment System Surface Water Level II 2004
220 - Nipissing First Nation 7191 Nipissing - Arts Lane Water System Groundwater Level I 1993
220 - Nipissing First Nation 8076 Nipissing - Beaucage Village Water Treatment System Groundwater GUDI Level I 1996
220 - Nipissing First Nation 7212 Nipissing - Business/School Water Treatment System Groundwater GUDI None 1993
220 - Nipissing First Nation 7195 Nipissing - Dushessnay Well 1 Groundwater Level I 1993
220 - Nipissing First Nation 7196 Nipissing - Dushessnay Well 2, 3 and 4 Groundwater Level I 1993
220 - Nipissing First Nation 7194 Nipissing - Garden Village Water System Groundwater GUDI Level II 1993
220 - Nipissing First Nation 7214 Nipissing - Harry Couchie Water Treatment System Groundwater Level I 1993
220 - Nipissing First Nation 7213 Nipissing - Meadow Site Water Treatment System Groundwater Level I 1996
220 - Nipissing First Nation 7192 Nipissing - VLA Water System Groundwater Level I 1971
204 - North Caribou Lake 7233 North Caribou Lake Water Treatment System Surface Water Level III 2000
238 - North Spirit Lake 7128 North Spirit Lake Water Treatment System Surface Water Level I 1999
151 - Northwest Angle No.33 7126 Angle Inlet Water Treatment System Groundwater Level II 2010
151 - Northwest Angle No.33 7127 NWA 33 Dog Paw Lake Water Treatment System Surface Water Level III 2010
152 - Northwest Angle No.37 6483 NWA 37 Regina Bay Water Treatment System Surface Water Level II 2008
152 - Northwest Angle No.37 15901 Windigo Island Water Treatment System Surface Water Level II 2002
235 - Obashkaandagaang 6532 Obashkaandagaang Water Treatment System Groundwater Small System 2006
235 - Obashkaandagaang   SOUTH END PUMPHOUSE Groundwater Small System 1987
147 - Ochiichagwebabigoining First Nation 7181 The Dalles Water Treatment System Surface Water Level II 2006
131 - Ojibways of Onigaming First Nation 7107 Onigaming Water Treatment System Surface Water Level II 1993
192 - Ojibways of the Pic River First Nation 7185 Pic River Water Treatment System Groundwater Level II 1996
169 - Oneida Nation of the Thames 7176 Oneida Water Treatment System Surface Water Level I 1998
191 - Pays Plat First Nation 7184 Pays Plat Water Treatment System Surface Water Level I 1997
146 - Peawanuck 7193 Peawanuck Water Treatment System Groundwater GUDI Level I 1988
195 - Pic Mobert 15903 Pic Mobert North New Pumphouse Water System Groundwater GUDI Level I 1997
195 - Pic Mobert 7187 Pic Mobert South Water Treatment System Surface Water Level I 1982
208 - Pikangikum 6540 Pikangikum Water Treatment System Surface Water Level II 1996
236 - Poplar Hill 7129 Poplar Hill Water Treatment System Surface Water Level II 1999
130 - Rainy River First Nations 7165 Manitou Rapids Water Treatment System Groundwater GUDI Level III 1996
193 - Red Rock 7186 Red Rock Water Treatment System Surface Water Level II 2008
214 - Sachigo Lake 7235 Sachigo Lake Water Treatment System Surface Water Level II 1996
179 - Sagamok Anishnawbek 7152 Sagamok Water Treatment System Groundwater Level I 1995
211 - Sandy Lake First Nation 7179 Sandy Lake Water Treatment System Surface Water Level II 1992
123 - Saugeen 7210 Town of Saugeen Shores Water Treatment System MTA MTA 2008
132 - Seine River First Nation 7166 Seine River Water Treatment System Surface Water Level II 1997
201 - Serpent River First Nation 7148 Serpent River Pumphouse #1 Groundwater Level I 1983
201 - Serpent River First Nation 7149 Serpent River Pumphouse #2 Groundwater Level II 1995
201 - Serpent River First Nation 7150 Serpent River Pumphouse #3 Groundwater Level I 1983
201 - Serpent River First Nation 7151 Serpent River Pumphouse #5 Groundwater GUDI Level II 1990
137 - Shawanaga First Nation 7198 Shawanaga Water Treatment System Groundwater Level II 1996
176 - Sheguiandah 7217 Sheguiandah Water Treatment System Surface Water Level II 2005
178 - Sheshegwaning 7218 Sheshegwaning Water Treatment System Surface Water Level II 1998
155 - Shoal Lake No.40   SHOAL LAKE 40 PUMPHOUSE 2 Surface Water Small System 1995
155 - Shoal Lake No. 40   SHOAL LAKE 40 PUMPHOUSE 3 Surface Water Small System 1995
155 - Shoal Lake No. 40   SHOAL LAKE 40 PUMPHOUSE 4 Surface Water Small System 1995
155 - Shoal Lake No. 40   SHOAL LAKE 40 PUMPHOUSE 5 Surface Water Small System 1995
155 - Shoal Lake No. 40   SHOAL LAKE 40 PUMPHOUSE 9 Surface Water Small System 1995
155 - Shoal Lake No. 40 6534 Shoal Lake 40 Water Treatment System Surface Water Small System 1995
121 - Six Nations of the Grand River 7173 Six Nations Water Treatment System Surface Water Level III 1989
259 - Slate Falls Nation   BAND OFFICE PUMPHOUSE Surface Water Small System 1996
259 - Slate Falls Nation   PUMPHOUSE No. 1 Surface Water Small System 1996
259 - Slate Falls Nation   PUMPHOUSE No. 2 Surface Water Small System 1996
259 - Slate Falls Nation   PUMPHOUSE No. 3 Surface Water Small System 1996
259 - Slate Falls Nation   PUMPHOUSE No. 4 Surface Water Small System 1996
259 - Slate Falls Nation   PUMPHOUSE No. 5 Surface Water Small System 1996
259 - Slate Falls Nation   PUMPHOUSE No. 6 Surface Water Small System 1996
259 - Slate Falls Nation   PUMPHOUSE No. 7 Surface Water Small System 1996
259 - Slate Falls Nation   PUMPHOUSE No. 8 Surface Water Small System 1996
259 - Slate Falls Nation   PUMPHOUSE No. 9 Surface Water Small System 1996
259 - Slate Falls Nation 7232 Slate Falls Water Treatment System Surface Water Level III 2007
133 - Stanjikoming First Nation 7167 Stanjikoming Water Treatment System Surface Water Level II 2001
145 - Taykwa Tagamou Nation 7143 New Post Water Treatment System Groundwater Level I 1987
222 - Temagami First Nation 7197 Bear Island Water Treatment System Surface Water Level II 1998
202 - Thessalon 7153 Thessalon Water Treatment System Groundwater Level I 1982
150 - Wabaseemoong Independent Nations 6531 Wabaseemoong Water Treatment System Surface Water Level III 2003
156 - Wabauskang First Nation 6535 Wabauskang Water Treatment System Surface Water Level II 2002
157 - Wabigoon Lake Ojibway Nation 6536 Wabigoon Lake Water Treatment System Surface Water Level II 1995
233 - Wahgoshig 7230 Wahgoshig Water Treatment System Groundwater Level I 2003
170 - Walpole Island 6538 Walpole Island Water Treatment System Surface Water Level III 2007
206 - Wapekeka 7169 Wapekeka Water Treatment System Surface Water Level II 2000
136 - Wasauksing First Nation   COMMUNITY WELL (SODA'S) Groundwater None 1970
136 - Wasauksing First Nation   SIXPLEX WELL Groundwater Small System 2000
136 - Wasauksing First Nation 7199 Wasauksing (Parry Island) Water Treatment System Surface Water Level I 2002
234 - Wawakapewin 7168 Wawakapewin Water Treatment System Groundwater Small System 1998
240 - Webequie First Nation 7136 Webequie Water Treatment System Surface Water Level II 1992
224 - Whitefish Lake 7145 Whitefish Lake Water System MTA MTA 2005
230 - Whitefish River 7215 Whitefish River Water Treatment System Surface Water Level II 1997
190 - Whitesand 17016 Whitesand Water System MTA MTA 1971
175 - Wikwemikong 7231 Wikwemikong Water Treatment System Surface Water Level II 2001
217 - Wunnumin 7172 Wunnumin Lake Water Treatment System Surface Water Level II 2005
173 - Zhiibaahaasing First Nation 7216 Zhiibaahaasing Water Treatment System Surface Water Level I 1997

Table D.1 - 1: Water System Regional Summary of Water Treatment, Storage and Distribution Systems (continued)
First Nation Information Water System Information Storage Information
Band Number - Band Name Design Capacity [m3/d] Actual Capacity [m3/d] Max Daily Volume [m3/d] Disinfection Storage Type Storage Capacity
172 - Aamjiwnaang 751.6 751.6 751.6 MTA None MTA
153 - Anishinabe of Wauzhushk Onigum   17 16 Yes Grade level 1.5
153 - Anishinabe of Wauzhushk Onigum 276 190 182 Yes Underground 238
125 - Anishnaabeg of Naongashiing 240 240 119 Yes Underground 457
242 - Aroland 402 380 136 Yes Underground 154
143 - Attawapiskat 2592 2592 2125 Yes Underground 960
180 - Aundeck-Omni-Kaning 760 760 300 Yes Grade level, Underground 804
198 - Batchewana First Nation       MTA None MTA
207 - Bearskin Lake 302.4 302.4 221 Yes Underground 245
141 - Beausoleil 52.56 52.5 93 Yes Underground 32.8
141 - Beausoleil 888 888 587 Yes Underground 640
124 - Big Grassy 432 350 283 Yes Underground 294
197 - Biinjitiwaabik Zaaging Anishinaabek 537 537 103.2 Yes Underground 458
228 - Brunswick House 184 184 146 Yes Underground 259
216 - Cat Lake 691 460.7 434 Yes Underground 317
221 - Chapleau Cree First Nation 163 66 93 Yes Underground 180
229 - Chapleau Ojibway 233 233 86.4 Yes None  
138 - Chippewas of Georgina Island 272 272 313 Yes Underground 235
171 - Chippewas of Kettle and Stony Point 1180 1180 956 Yes Underground 1320.5
122 - Chippewas of Nawash 720 720 517 Yes Elevated 454
166 - Chippewas of the Thames First Nation 573 573 781 Yes Elevated 13.6
182 - Constance Lake 518 518 572 Yes Underground 376
126 - Couchiching First Nation 453 453 652 MTA None MTA
161 - Curve Lake 272 144 105 Yes Underground 84
237 - Deer Lake 952.8 849.3   Yes Underground 408
218 - Dokis 102 102 90 Yes Underground 179
183 - Eabametoong First Nation 777.6 777.6 770 Yes Underground 370
148 - Eagle Lake 590 590 228 Yes Elevated, Grade level 500
142 - Fort Albany 786 786 668 Yes Underground 380
215 - Fort Severn 542 542 262 Yes Grade level 325
187 - Fort William Unknown Unknown 642 MTA None MTA
199 - Garden River First Nation 9 9 9 Yes Underground 9
199 - Garden River First Nation 1800 1800 671 Yes Underground 400
185 - Ginoogaming First Nation       MTA None MTA
149 - Grassy Narrows First Nation 460 450 371 Yes Standpipe 1080
188 - Gull Bay (Kiashke Zaaging Anishinaabek) 120 120 370 Yes Underground 170
231 - Henvey Inlet First Nation 227 227 130 Yes Elevated 511
162 - Hiawatha First Nation 82     Yes None  
154 - No. 39 Independent First N 475 475 255 Yes Underground 300
210 - Kasabonika Lake 1090 1090 305 Yes Underground 422
243 - Kashechewan 1390 1390 464 Yes Underground 537
325 - Kee-Way-Win First Nation 967 967 445 Yes Underground 346
212 - Kingfisher 403.5 403.5 94.9 Yes Underground 398
209 - Kitchenuhmaykoosib Inninuwug 674 674 393 Yes Underground 573
127 - Lac La Croix 150 150 150 Yes Underground 225
205 - Lac Seul 360 360 460 Yes Underground 440
205 - Lac Seul 419 419 419 Yes None  
205 - Lac Seul 89 89 89 No None  
184 - Long Lake No.58 First Nation       MTA None MTA
174 - Magnetawan 113 113 60 Yes Underground 198.1
186 - Martin Falls 224.6 190 266 Yes Underground 232
219 - Matachewan 212 212 69 Yes Underground 410
226 - Mattagami 864 432 190 Yes Underground 440
181 - M'Chigeeng First Nation 1477 1477 714 Yes Elevated, Underground 1515
225 - Michipicoten 158 155 103 Yes Underground 200
203 - Mishkeegogamang 215 215 349 Yes Underground 312
203 - Mishkeegogamang 86.4 86.4 80 Yes Underground 51
203 - Mishkeegogamang unknown unknown unknown No None  
200 - Mississauga 694.8 397.4 299 Yes Underground 559
140 - Mississaugas of Scugog Island First Nation 64.8 64.8   Yes None  
140 - Mississaugas of Scugog Island First Nation 64.8     Yes None  
140 - Mississaugas of Scugog Island First Nation 64.8   5.7 Yes None  
120 - Mississaugas of the Credit 450 450 555 MTA None MTA
159 - Mohawks of Akwesasne 2250 2250 610 Yes Underground 1400
159 - Mohawks of Akwesasne 2063 2046 1054 Yes Underground 2590
159 - Mohawks of Akwesasne 51 51 22 Yes Grade level 18
164 - Mohawks of the Bay of Quinte 35.1 35.1 35.1 Yes   0
164 - Mohawks of the Bay of Quinte 238.6 238.6 205.9 MTA None MTA
144 - Moose Cree First Nation 1423 1423 2088 Yes Standpipe, Underground 1356
135 - Moose Deer Point 743 743 109 Yes Elevated, Underground 580
167 - Moravian of the Thames 432 432 427 Yes Elevated, Underground 1243
168 - Munsee-Delaware Nation       MTA None MTA
213 - Muskrat Dam Lake 346 346 276 Yes Underground 247.4
128 - Naicatchewenin 118 118 101 Yes Grade level 66
158 - Naotkamegwanning 812.2 346 388 Yes Underground 490.1
239 - Neskantaga First Nation 250 250 245 Yes Underground 225
241 - Nibinamik First Nation 544 360 345 Yes Underground 317
129 - Nicickousemenecaning 188 188 62.35 Yes Underground 210
220 - Nipissing First Nation 78.5 78.5   Yes Underground 12
220 - Nipissing First Nation 54.6 54.6   Yes Underground 10.3
220 - Nipissing First Nation 109 109   No Standpipe 275
220 - Nipissing First Nation 65.7 65.7   Yes Underground 13
220 - Nipissing First Nation   148.9   Yes Underground 89
220 - Nipissing First Nation 820 337 331 Yes Underground 610
220 - Nipissing First Nation 54.5 54.5   Yes Underground 13
220 - Nipissing First Nation   128   Yes Underground 39.7
220 - Nipissing First Nation 131 131   Yes Underground 0
204 - North Caribou Lake 302.4 302.4 566 Yes Underground 414
238 - North Spirit Lake 345 345 253 Yes Underground 303
151 - Northwest Angle No.33 65.4 65.4 70 Yes Grade level 1.7
151 - Northwest Angle No.33 75 75 74 Yes Grade level 68
152 - Northwest Angle No.37 108.5 108.5 69 Yes Standpipe 5.5
152 - Northwest Angle No.37 31.2 31.2 51 Yes Standpipe 9.5
235 - Obashkaandagaang 162.7 162.7 83.3 Yes None  
235 - Obashkaandagaang Unknown 32.5 16.5 Yes None  
147 - Ochiichagwebabigoining First Nation 483.8 472 141 Yes Underground 423.6
131 - Ojibways of Onigaming First Nation 422 422 248 Yes Underground 408
192 - Ojibways of the Pic River First Nation 502 502 460 Yes Underground 332
169 - Oneida Nation of the Thames 1872 1872 1616 Yes Elevated, Underground 1136
191 - Pays Plat First Nation 110 110 73 Yes Underground 180
146 - Peawanuck 245.7 245.7 228 Yes Underground 111.4
195 - Pic Mobert 362.88 207.36 185.3 Yes None  
195 - Pic Mobert 222.9 222.9 151 Yes None  
208 - Pikangikum 1036 345 259 Yes Underground 175.48
236 - Poplar Hill 216 216 333 Yes Underground 300
130 - Rainy River First Nations 196 196 264 Yes Underground 307
193 - Red Rock 518 518 312 Yes Underground 597.0
214 - Sachigo Lake 544.8 544.8 508.7 Yes Underground 351.7
179 - Sagamok Anishnawbek 2160 1728 1091 Yes Elevated 900
211 - Sandy Lake First Nation 1365 780 1430 Yes Underground 760
123 - Saugeen 1324 925 491 MTA Elevated, Standpipe MTA
132 - Seine River First Nation 300 300 326 Yes Standpipe, Underground 250
201 - Serpent River First Nation 95 95 121 Yes Grade level 22.7
201 - Serpent River First Nation 95 95 116 Yes None  
201 - Serpent River First Nation 95 95 96 Yes Grade level 22.7
201 - Serpent River First Nation 164 164 95 Yes Underground 43.6
137 - Shawanaga First Nation 182 182 50 Yes Underground 225.7
176 - Sheguiandah 360 360 276 Yes Grade level, Underground 495
178 - Sheshegwaning 130 130 70 Yes Underground 245
155 - Shoal Lake No. 40     12 Yes None  
155 - Shoal Lake No. 40     40 Yes None  
155 - Shoal Lake No. 40     28 Yes None  
155 - Shoal Lake No. 40     19 Yes None  
155 - Shoal Lake No. 40     31 Yes None  
155 - Shoal Lake No. 40     30 Yes    
121 - Six Nations of the Grand River 1401 1401 1401 Yes Elevated 1136
259 - Slate Falls Nation 104 104 7 Yes None  
259 - Slate Falls Nation 214 214 14 Yes None  
259 - Slate Falls Nation 115 115 14 Yes None  
259 - Slate Falls Nation 226 226 17 Yes None  
259 - Slate Falls Nation 112 112 14 Yes None  
259 - Slate Falls Nation 112 112 14 Yes None  
259 - Slate Falls Nation 207 207 11 Yes None  
259 - Slate Falls Nation 193 193 14 Yes None  
259 - Slate Falls Nation 101 101 11 Yes None  
259 - Slate Falls Nation 102 102 11 Yes None  
259 - Slate Falls Nation 16 16 1.7 Yes None  
133 - Stanjikoming First Nation 282.6 282.6 33.7 Yes Underground 232
145 - Taykwa Tagamou Nation 130 130 98 Yes Underground 192
222 - Temagami First Nation 251 251 229 Yes Underground 260
202 - Thessalon 327 327 440 Yes None  
150 - Wabaseemoong Independent Nations 1800 1800 486 Yes Elevated, Underground 442.5
156 - Wabauskang First Nation 265 265 85.5 Yes Underground 424
157 - Wabigoon Lake Ojibway Nation 285 250 189 Yes Underground 220
233 - Wahgoshig 276 276 185 Yes Underground 424
170 - Walpole Island 3456 3456 1790 Yes Elevated, Underground 2395
206 - Wapekeka 345 173 121 Yes Underground 288
136 - Wasauksing First Nation 10 10   No None  
136 - Wasauksing First Nation 10 10   Yes None  
136 - Wasauksing First Nation 55 55 50 Yes Underground 131.1
234 - Wawakapewin 164 164 11.3 Yes None  
240 - Webequie First Nation 907 907 498 Yes Underground 418
224 - Whitefish Lake 600 600 364 MTA None MTA
230 - Whitefish River 288 288 225 Yes Standpipe 234
190 - Whitesand 433 433 433 MTA None MTA
175 - Wikwemikong 2592 2592 1642 Yes Elevated, Grade level, Underground 2308
217 - Wunnumin 545 545 390 Yes Underground 492
173 - Zhiibaahaasing First Nation       Yes None  

Table D.1 - 1: Water System Regional Summary of Water Treatment, Storage and Distribution Systems (continued)
First Nation Information Distribution System Information
Band Number - Band Name Distribution Class Population Served Homes Piped Homes Trucked Number of Trucks in Service Pipe Length Pipe Length / Connection
172 - Aamjiwnaang MTA 925 225 0 0 11200 49
153 - Anishinabe of Wauzhushk Onigum Small System 26 8 0 0    
153 - Anishinabe of Wauzhushk Onigum Level I 290 91 0 0 3075.02 33
125 - Anishnaabeg of Naongashiing Level I 175 30 0 0 1760 58
242 - Aroland Level I 359 119 0 0 4220 35
143 - Attawapiskat Level II 1909 280 0 0 11599.5 41
180 - Aundeck-Omni- Kaning Level II 397 136 2 1 11077 81
198 - Batchewana First Nation MTA 564 191 0 0 6900 36
207 - Bearskin Lake Level I 428 40 112 2 1778 44
141 - Beausoleil Level I 50 17 0 0 1110 65
141 - Beausoleil Level I 653 221 0 0 12347 55
124 - Big Grassy Level I 290 84 0 0 8100 96
197 - Biinjitiwaabik Zaaging Anishinaabek Level I 376 84 0 0 1772 21
228 - Brunswick House Level I 150 40 0 0 2131 53
216 - Cat Lake Level I 512 109 0 0 3738 34
221 - Chapleau Cree First Nation Level I 93 36 0 0 1880 52
229 - Chapleau Ojibway Level I 32 11 0 0 380 34
138 - Chippewas of Georgina Island Level II 200 100 0 0 6649 66
171 - Chippewas of Kettle and Stony Point Level I 1279 377 0 0 23798 63
122 - Chippewas of Nawash Level II 864 251 21 1 18471.2 73
166 - Chippewas of the Thames First Nation Level I 994 300 0 0 53457.2 178
182 - Constance Lake Level I 842 246 0 0 9498 38
126 - Couchiching First Nation Level I 762 246 5 1 11921 48
161 - Curve Lake Level II 132 51 0 0 1450 28
237 - Deer Lake Level I 968 54 137 2 4354.5 80
218 - Dokis Level I 191 102 0 0 5240 51
183 - Eabametoong First Nation Level I 1451 267 0 0 5779.6 21
148 - Eagle Lake Level I 333 94 0 0 4367.5 46
142 - Fort Albany Level I 1210 171 0 0 6572 38
215 - Fort Severn Level I 602 112 0 0 5488 49
187 - Fort William Level I 820 208 0 0 15960.63 76
199 - Garden River First Nation Level I 27 9 0 0 450 50
199 - Garden River First Nation Level II 1275 444 0 0 30600 68
185 - Ginoogaming First Nation Small System 208 66 0 0 3310 50
149 - Grassy Narrows First Nation Level I 776 182 5 1 8213 45
188 - Gull Bay (Kiashke Zaaging Anishinaabek) Level I 457 73 0 0 3032 41
231 - Henvey Inlet First Nation Level I 153 44 0 0 3315 75
162 - Hiawatha First Nation Small System 20 5 0 0    
154 No. 39 Independent First Nation Level I 313 136 0 0 5879.7 43
210 - Kasabonika Lake Level I 930 166 28 1 4634 27
243 - Kashechewan Level II 1600 252 0 0 7670.8 30
325 - Kee-Way-Win First Nation Level I 504 82 0 0 2555 31
212 - Kingfisher Level I 489 79 49 2 3291 41
209 - Kitchenuh- maykoosib Inninuwug Level I 932 148 133 3 11704.5 79
127 - Lac La Croix Level I 283 81 0 0 2839.6 35
205 - Lac Seul Level I 472 130 0 0 5135 39
205 - Lac Seul Level I 356 98 0 0 2265 23
205 - Lac Seul Level I 91 25 0 0 1262 50
184 - Long Lake No.58 First Nation Level I 432 116 0 0 4955 42
174 - Magnetawan Level II 92 32 0 0 1338 41
186 - Martin Falls Level I 326 103 0 0 7634 74
219 - Matachewan Level I 71 34 0 0 4649 136
226 - Mattagami Level I 195 85 0 0 2658 31
181 - M'Chigeeng First Nation Level II 1018 348 70 1 13185 37
225 - Michipicoten Level I 73 40 0 0 2485 62
203 - Mishkeegogamang Level I 358 89 0 0 7641 85
203 - Mishkeegogamang Level I 179 25 0 0 1351.25 54
203 - Mishkeegogamang Level I 25 5 0 0 150 30
200 - Mississauga Level II 392 146 0 0 7300 50
140 - Mississaugas of Scugog Island First Nation Small System 16 6 0 0 250 41
140 - Mississaugas of Scugog Island First Nation Small System 9 6 0 0 250 41
140 - Mississaugas of Scugog Island First Nation Small System 9 5 0 0    
120 - Mississaugas of the Credit Level I 671 155 20 0 18691.9 120
159 - Mohawks of Akwesasne Level I 2556 355 0 0 8000 22
159 - Mohawks of Akwesasne Level I 3967 551 0 0 17375 31
159 - Mohawks of Akwesasne Level I 324 45 0 0 620 13
164 - Mohawks of the Bay of Quinte Level I 36 13 0 0 420 32
164 - Mohawks of the Bay of Quinte Level I 707 257 0 0 9320 36
144 - Moose Cree First Nation Level I 2570 470 0 0 9982.4 21
135 - Moose Deer Point Level I 201 26 0 0 1095 42
167 - Moravian of the Thames Level I 526 140 0 0 14622 104
168 - Munsee-Delaware Nation MTA 118 25 12 0    
213 - Muskrat Dam Lake Level I 286 87 1 1 7482 86
128 - Naicatchewenin Level II 266 83 0 0 1826 22
158 - Naotkameg- wanning Level I 565 120 0 0 4333 36
239 - Neskantaga First Nation Level I 333 85 0 1 3683 43
241 - Nibinamik First Nation Level I 354 101 0 0 4775 47
129 - Nicickouse- menecaning Level I 145 40 0 0 1486 37
220 - Nipissing First Nation Small System 30 11 0 0    
220 - Nipissing First Nation Small System 16 6 0 0    
220 - Nipissing First Nation NA 16 6 0 0    
220 - Nipissing First Nation Level I 54 20 0 0    
220 - Nipissing First Nation Level I 216 80 0 0    
220 - Nipissing First Nation Level I 286 106 0 0    
220 - Nipissing First Nation   27 10 0 0    
220 - Nipissing First Nation Small System 38 14 0 0    
220 - Nipissing First Nation Small System 19 7 0 0    
204 - North Caribou Lake Level II 834 215 52 3 5868.5 27
238 - North Spirit Lake Level I 450 40 38 1 1600 40
151 - Northwest Angle No.33 Level I 94 45 0 0 200 4
151 - Northwest Angle No.33 Level I 140 33 0 0 804 24
152 - Northwest Angle No.37 Level I 102 40 0 0 820 20
152 - Northwest Angle No.37 Level I 75 15 0 0 1430 95
235 - Obashkaandagaang Small System 101 35 0 0 1246 35
235 - Obashkaandagaang Small System 20 7 0 0 703 100
147 - Ochiichagwe- babigoining First Nation Level I 149 54 0 0 2000 37
131 - Ojibways of Onigaming First Nation Level I 496 110 0 0 5505 50
192 - Ojibways of the Pic River First Nation Level II 566 160 0 0 10950 68
169 - Oneida Nation of the Thames Level II 2261 534 0 0 41593 77
191 - Pays Plat First Nation Level I 75 35 0 0 2600 74
146 - Peawanuck Level I 295 70 0 0 3957 56
195 - Pic Mobert Level I 190 64 0 0 1590 24
195 - Pic Mobert Level I 154 52 0 0 1095 21
208 - Pikangikum NA 104 0 20 1    
236 - Poplar Hill Level I 502 25 73 1 1275 51
130 - Rainy River First Nations Level II 478 80 0 0 2660 33
193 - Red Rock Level I 320 99 0 0 3621.36 36
214 - Sachigo Lake Level I 534 128 37 2 4605 35
179 - Sagamok Anishnawbek Level II 1493 307 0 0 17375 56
211 - Sandy Lake First Nation Level I 2501 260 140 3 11601 44
123 - Saugeen Level II 915 301 0 0 25150 83
132 - Seine River First Nation Level I 334 78 0 0 3942 50
201 - Serpent River First Nation Level II 118 43 0 0 9896 230
201 - Serpent River First Nation Level II 82 30 0 0    
201 - Serpent River First Nation Level II 124 45 0 0    
201 - Serpent River First Nation Level II 69 25 0 0    
137 - Shawanaga First Nation Level I 220 88 0 0 6968 79
176 - Sheguiandah Level II 171 54 7 1 6299.4 116
178 - Sheshegwaning Level I 104 64 0 0 4323 67
155 Shoal Lake No. - 40 Level I 40 12 0 0 1313 109
155 Shoal Lake No. - 40 Level I 57 17 0 0 1310 77
155 Shoal Lake No.- 40 Level I 40 12 0 0 950 79
155 Shoal Lake No.- 40 Level I 27 8 0 0 700 87
155 Shoal Lake No. - 40 Level I 44 13 0 0 760 58
155 Shoal Lake No.- 40 Level I 44 13 0 0 1322 101
121 - Six Nations of the Grand River Level I 3950 395 559 0 21804.67 55
259 - Slate Falls Nation Small System 9 3 0 0    
259 - Slate Falls Nation Small System 17 6 0 0 260 43
259 - Slate Falls Nation Small System 17 6 0 0 245 40
259 - Slate Falls Nation Small System 20 7 0 0 225 32
259 - Slate Falls Nation Small System 17 6 0 0 150 25
259 - Slate Falls Nation Small System 17 6 0 0 370.6 61
259 - Slate Falls Nation Small System 13 5 0 0 345 69
259 - Slate Falls Nation Small System 17 6 0 0 155 25
259 - Slate Falls Nation Small System 13 5 0 0 220 44
259 - Slate Falls Nation Small System 13 5 0 0 230 46
259 - Slate Falls Nation NA 0 0 0 0    
133 - Stanjikoming First Nation Level I 131 30 0 0 2036 67
145 - Taykwa Tagamou Nation Level I 100 24 0 0 830 34
222 - Temagami First Nation Level I 226 68 0 0 2330 34
202 - Thessalon Level I 111 51 0 0 2976.46 58
150 - Wabaseemoong Independent Nations Level I 864 195 0 0 5864.42 30
156 - Wabauskang First Nation Level I 120 29 0 0 1440 49
157 - Wabigoon Lake Ojibway Nation Level II 194 69 0 0 4007 58
233 - Wahgoshig Level I 185 46 0 0 2489.2 54
170 - Walpole Island Level I 2201 639 0 0 41327.09 64
206 - Wapekeka Level I 439 95 12 1 3153 33
136 - Wasauksing First Nation NA 15 5 0 0    
136 - Wasauksing First Nation Small System 17 6 0 0    
136 - Wasauksing First Nation Level I 0 0 0 0    
234 - Wawakapewin Small System 23 15 0 0 603 40
240 - Webequie First Nation Level I 712 208 0 0 5420.4 26
224 - Whitefish Lake Level I 459 127 0 0 4982 39
230 - Whitefish River Level II 382 141 37 1 5006 35
190 - Whitesand Level I 444 103 0 0 3017.8 29
175 - Wikwemikong Level I 3402 530 490 4 18344.32 34
217 - Wunnumin Level I 571 138 0 0 5511 39
173 - Zhiibaahaasing First Nation NA 94 0 18 1    

Appendix D.1  Individual First Nation Water Summary (continued)

Table D.1 - 2: Regional Summary of Water Quality Information
First Nation Information Water System Information
Band Number - Band Name System Number System Name Water Source
172 - Aamjiwnaang 7178 Aamjiwnaang Water System MTA
153 - Anishinabe of Wauzhushk Onigum 15902 Bald Indian Bay Water Treatment Plant Surface Water
153 - Anishinabe of Wauzhushk Onigum 6484 Wauzhushk Onigum Water Treatment Unit - 2nd Portage Surface Water
125 - Anishnaabeg of Naongashiing 6482 Saug-A-Gaw-Sing Water Treatment System Groundwater GUDI
242 - Aroland 7130 Aroland Water Treatment System Groundwater
143 - Attawapiskat 7141 Attawapiskat Water Treatment System Surface Water
180 - Aundeck-Omni-Kaning 7219 Sucker Creek Water Treatment System Surface Water
198 - Batchewana First Nation 7154 Shoal Lake No. (MTA) MTA
207 - Bearskin Lake 7234 Bearskin Lake Water Treatment System Surface Water
141 - Beausoleil 7159 Cedar Point Water Treatment System Groundwater
141 - Beausoleil 7158 Christian Island Water Treatment System Surface Water
124 - Big Grassy 6466 Big Grassy Water Treatment System Surface Water
197 - Biinjitiwaabik Zaaging Anishinaabek 7188 Rocky Bay Water Treatment System Surface Water
228 - Brunswick House 7228 Brunswick House Water Treatment System Surface Water
216 - Cat Lake 7236 Cat Lake Water Treatment System Surface Water
221 - Chapleau Cree First Nation 7139 Chapleau Cree Water Treatment System Groundwater GUDI
229 - Chapleau Ojibway 7229 Chapleau Ojibwe Water Treatment System Groundwater
138 - Chippewas of Georgina Island 7157 Georgina Island Water Treatment System Surface Water
171 - Chippewas of Kettle and Stony Point 7177 Kettle and Stony Point Water Treatment System Surface Water
122 - Chippewas of Nawash 7203 Neyaashiinigmiing Water Treatment System Surface Water
166 - Chippewas of the Thames First Nation 7174 Chippewas of the Thames Water Treatment System Groundwater GUDI
182 - Constance Lake 7131 Constance Lake Water Treatment System Surface Water
126 - Couchiching First Nation 7161 Town of Fort Frances MTA
161 - Curve Lake 7201 Curve Lake Water Treatment System Groundwater GUDI
237 - Deer Lake 6545 Deer Lake Water Treatment System Surface Water
218 - Dokis 7222 Dokis Water Treatment System Groundwater
183 - Eabametoong First Nation 7132 Eabametoong Water Treatment System Surface Water
148 - Eagle Lake 6529 Eagle Lake Water Treatment System Surface Water
142 - Fort Albany 7140 Fort Albany Water Treatment System Surface Water
215 - Fort Severn 6544 Fort Severn Water Treatment System Surface Water
187 - Fort William 7182 Thunder Bay Water Treatment System MTA
199 - Garden River First Nation NEW001 ECHO RIVER WATER TREATMENT SYSTEM Groundwater
199 - Garden River First Nation 7147 Garden River Water Treatment System Groundwater
185 - Ginoogaming First Nation 7134 Town of Long Lac Water Treatment System MTA
149 - Grassy Narrows First Nation 6530 Grassy Narrows Water Treatment System Surface Water
188 - Gull Bay (Kiashke Zaaging Anishinaabek) 7183 Gull Bay Water Treatment System Surface Water
231 - Henvey Inlet First Nation 7224 Henvey Inlet Pumphouse #2 Water Treatment System Groundwater
162 - Hiawatha First Nation NEW002 HIAWATHA APARTMENT COMPLEX Groundwater
154 - No. 39 Independent First 6533 Shoal Lake 39 Water Treatment System Surface Water
210 - Kasabonika Lake 7170 Kasabonika Lake Water Treatment System Surface Water
243 - Kashechewan 7144 Kashechewan Water Treatment System Surface Water
325 - Kee-Way-Win First Nation 17010 Keewaywin's New Water Treatment System Surface Water
212 - Kingfisher 7171 Kingfisher Lake Water Treatment System Surface Water
209 - Kitchenuhmaykoosib Inninuwug 6541 Kitchenuhmaykoosib Water Treatment System Surface Water
127 - Lac La Croix 7162 Lac La Croix Water Treatment System Surface Water
205 - Lac Seul 6539 Frenchman's Head Water Treatment System Surface Water
205 - Lac Seul 15905 Kejick Bay Water Treatment System Groundwater
205 - Lac Seul 15906 Whitefish Bay Water Treatment System Groundwater
184 - Long Lake No.58 First Nation 7133 Town of Long Lac Water Treatment System MTA
174 - Magnetawan 7225 Magnetawan Water Treatment System Surface Water
186 - Martin Falls 7135 Marten Falls Water Treatment System Surface Water
219 - Matachewan 7226 Matachewan Water Treatment System Groundwater
226 - Mattagami 7227 Mattagami Water Treatment System Groundwater
181 - M'Chigeeng First Nation 14199 West Bay & Lakeview Water Treatment System Surface Water
225 - Michipicoten 7180 Michipicoten Water Treatment System Surface Water
203 - Mishkeegogamang 7190 Mishkeegogamang (New Osnaburgh) Water Treatment System Surface Water
203 - Mishkeegogamang 7189 Mishkeegogamang (Ten House) Well Water Treatment System Groundwater
203 - Mishkeegogamang NEW002 WELL AT ACE LAKE Groundwater
200 - Mississauga 7146 Mississauga Water Treatment System Groundwater
140 - Mississaugas of Scugog Island First Nation 15899 Mississauga's of Scugog Island Pumphouse #1 Groundwater
140 - Mississaugas of Scugog Island First Nation 15900 Mississauga's of Scugog Island Pumphouse #2 Groundwater
140 - Mississaugas of Scugog Island First Nation NEW001 MISSISSAUGAS OF SCUGOG ISLAND PUMPHOUSE #3 Groundwater
120 - Mississaugas of the Credit 7211 New Credit Water Distribution System MTA
159 - Mohawks of Akwesasne 15919 Aksesasne Corwall Island West Water Treatment System Surface Water
159 - Mohawks of Akwesasne 6486 Akwesasne St. Regis Water Treatment System Surface Water
159 - Mohawks of Akwesasne 6485 Akwesasne Wade Lafrance Rd. Pumphouse house Groundwater GUDI
164 - Mohawks of the Bay of Quinte 6528 Airport Pumphouse and Treatment Facility Surface Water
164 - Mohawks of the Bay of Quinte NEW001 TOWN OF DESERONTO WATER SYSTEM MTA
144 - Moose Cree First Nation 7142 Moose Factory Water Treatment System Surface Water
135 - Moose Deer Point 7160 King Bay & Issac Bay Pumphouse Systems Surface Water
167 - Moravian of the Thames 7175 Moravian of the Thames Water Treatment System Groundwater GUDI
168 - Munsee-Delaware Nation NEW001 WATER DISTRIBUTION MTA
213 - Muskrat Dam Lake 6542 Muskrat Dam Lake Water Treatment System Surface Water
128 - Naicatchewenin 7163 Naicatchewenin Water Treatment System Surface Water
158 - Naotkamegwanning 6537 Whitefish Bay Water Treatment System Surface Water
239 - Neskantaga First Nation 7137 Neskantaga Water Treatment System Surface Water
241 - Nibinamik First Nation 7138 Nibinamik Water Treatment System Surface Water
129 - Nicickousemenecaning 7164 Nicickousemenecaning Water Treatment System Surface Water
220 - Nipissing First Nation 7191 Nipissing - Arts Lane Water System Groundwater
220 - Nipissing First Nation 8076 Nipissing - Beaucage Village Water Treatment System Groundwater GUDI
220 - Nipissing First Nation 7212 Nipissing - Business/School Water Treatment System Groundwater GUDI
220 - Nipissing First Nation 7195 Nipissing - Dushessnay Well 1 Groundwater
220 - Nipissing First Nation 7196 Nipissing - Dushessnay Well 2, 3 and 4 Groundwater
220 - Nipissing First Nation 7194 Nipissing - Garden Village Water System Groundwater GUDI
220 - Nipissing First Nation 7214 Nipissing - Harry Couchie Water Treatment System Groundwater
220 - Nipissing First Nation 7213 Nipissing - Meadow Site Water Treatment System Groundwater
220 - Nipissing First Nation 7192 Nipissing - VLA Water System Groundwater
204 - North Caribou Lake 7233 North Caribou Lake Water Treatment System Surface Water
238 - North Spirit Lake 7128 North Spirit Lake Water Treatment System Surface Water
151 - Northwest Angle No.33 7126 Angle Inlet Water Treatment System Groundwater
151 - Northwest Angle No.33 7127 NWA 33 Dog Paw Lake Water Treatment System Surface Water
152 - Northwest Angle No.37 6483 NWA 37 Regina Bay Water Treatment System Surface Water
152 - Northwest Angle No.37 15901 Windigo Island Water Treatment System Surface Water
235 - Obashkaandagaang 6532 Obashkaandagaang Water Treatment System Groundwater
235 - Obashkaandagaang   SOUTH END PUMPHOUSE Groundwater
147 - Ochiichagwebabigoining First Nation 7181 The Dalles Water Treatment System Surface Water
131 - Ojibways of Onigaming First Nation 7107 Onigaming Water Treatment System Surface Water
192 - Ojibways of the Pic River First Nation 7185 Pic River Water Treatment System Groundwater
169 - Oneida Nation of the Thames 7176 Oneida Water Treatment System Surface Water
191 - Pays Plat First Nation 7184 Pays Plat Water Treatment System Surface Water
146 - Peawanuck 7193 Peawanuck Water Treatment System Groundwater GUDI
195 - Pic Mobert 15903 Pic Mobert North New Pumphouse Water System Groundwater GUDI
195 - Pic Mobert 7187 Pic Mobert South Water Treatment System Surface Water
208 - Pikangikum 6540 Pikangikum Water Treatment System Surface Water
236 - Poplar Hill 7129 Poplar Hill Water Treatment System Surface Water
130 - Rainy River First Nations 7165 Manitou Rapids Water Treatment System Groundwater GUDI
193 - Red Rock 7186 Red Rock Water Treatment System Surface Water
214 - Sachigo Lake 7235 Sachigo Lake Water Treatment System Surface Water
179 - Sagamok Anishnawbek 7152 Sagamok Water Treatment System Groundwater
211 - Sandy Lake First Nation 7179 Sandy Lake Water Treatment System Surface Water
123 - Saugeen 7210 Town of Saugeen Shores Water Treatment System MTA
132 - Seine River First Nation 7166 Seine River Water Treatment System Surface Water
201 - Serpent River First Nation 7148 Serpent River Pumphouse #1 Groundwater
201 - Serpent River First Nation 7149 Serpent River Pumphouse #2 Groundwater
201 - Serpent River First Nation 7150 Serpent River Pumphouse #3 Groundwater
201 - Serpent River First Nation 7151 Serpent River Pumphouse #5 Groundwater GUDI
137 - Shawanaga First Nation 7198 Shawanaga Water Treatment System Groundwater
176 - Sheguiandah 7217 Sheguiandah Water Treatment System Surface Water
178 - Sheshegwaning 7218 Sheshegwaning Water Treatment System Surface Water
155 - Shoal Lake No. 40   SHOAL LAKE 40 PUMPHOUSE 2 Surface Water
155 - Shoal Lake No. 40   SHOAL LAKE 40 PUMPHOUSE 3 Surface Water
155 - Shoal Lake No. 40   SHOAL LAKE 40 PUMPHOUSE 4 Surface Water
155 - Shoal Lake No. 40   SHOAL LAKE 40 PUMPHOUSE 5 Surface Water
155 - Shoal Lake No. 40   SHOAL LAKE 40 PUMPHOUSE 9 Surface Water
155 - Shoal Lake No. 40 6534 Shoal Lake 40 Water Treatment System Surface Water
121 - Six Nations of the Grand River 7173 Six Nations Water Treatment System Surface Water
259 - Slate Falls Nation   BAND OFFICE PUMPHOUSE Surface Water
259 - Slate Falls Nation   PUMPHOUSE No. 1 Surface Water
259 - Slate Falls Nation   PUMPHOUSE No. 2 Surface Water
259 - Slate Falls Nation   PUMPHOUSE No. 3 Surface Water
259 - Slate Falls Nation   PUMPHOUSE No. 4 Surface Water
259 - Slate Falls Nation   PUMPHOUSE No. 5 Surface Water
259 - Slate Falls Nation   PUMPHOUSE No. 6 Surface Water
259 - Slate Falls Nation   PUMPHOUSE No. 7 Surface Water
259 - Slate Falls Nation   PUMPHOUSE No. 8 Surface Water
259 - Slate Falls Nation   PUMPHOUSE No. 9 Surface Water
259 - Slate Falls Nation 7232 Slate Falls Water Treatment System Surface Water
133 - Stanjikoming First Nation 7167 Stanjikoming Water Treatment System Surface Water
145 - Taykwa Tagamou Nation 7143 New Post Water Treatment System Groundwater
222 - Temagami First Nation 7197 Bear Island Water Treatment System Surface Water
202 - Thessalon 7153 Thessalon Water Treatment System Groundwater
150 - Wabaseemoong Independent Nations 6531 Wabaseemoong Water Treatment System Surface Water
156 - Wabauskang First Nation 6535 Wabauskang Water Treatment System Surface Water
157 - Wabigoon Lake Ojibway Nation 6536 Wabigoon Lake Water Treatment System Surface Water
233 - Wahgoshig 7230 Wahgoshig Water Treatment System Groundwater
170 - Walpole Island 6538 Walpole Island Water Treatment System Surface Water
206 - Wapekeka 7169 Wapekeka Water Treatment System Surface Water
136 - Wasauksing First Nation   COMMUNITY WELL (SODA'S) Groundwater
136 - Wasauksing First Nation   SIXPLEX WELL Groundwater
136 - Wasauksing First Nation 7199 Wasauksing (Parry Island) Water Treatment System Surface Water
234 - Wawakapewin 7168 Wawakapewin Water Treatment System Groundwater
240 - Webequie First Nation 7136 Webequie Water Treatment System Surface Water
224 - Whitefish Lake 7145 Whitefish Lake Water System MTA
230 - Whitefish River 7215 Whitefish River Water Treatment System Surface Water
190 - Whitesand 17016 Whitesand Water System MTA
175 - Wikwemikong 7231 Wikwemikong Water Treatment System Surface Water
217 - Wunnumin 7172 Wunnumin Lake Water Treatment System Surface Water
173 - Zhiibaahaasing First Nation 7216 Zhiibaahaasing Water Treatment System Surface Water

Table D.1 - 2: Regional Summary of Water Quality Information (continued)
First Nation Information Water Quality Information
Band Number - Band Name GCDWQ Cause of Failure Fails Health Guidelines Fails Aesthetic Guidelines MAC by Design MAC by Operation DWA In Effect DWA Count
172 - Aamjiwnaang Meets Requirements N/A N/A N/A No No No 0
153 - Anishinabe of Wauzhushk Onigum Low Freq, Low Mag Design No No Yes No No 0
153 - Anishinabe of Wauzhushk Onigum Low Freq, Low Mag Design Yes Yes No No No 0
125 - Anishnaabeg of Naongashiing High Freq OR High Mag Operation Yes Yes No No No 0
242 - Aroland Low Freq, Low Mag Operation Yes Yes No No Yes 1
143 - Attawapiskat High Freq AND High Mag Both Yes No No No Yes 1
180 - Aundeck-Omni-Kaning Low Freq, Low Mag Operation Yes No No No No 0
198 - Batchewana First Nation Meets Requirements N/A N/A N/A No No No 0
207 - Bearskin Lake High Freq OR High Mag Operation No No No No   2
141 - Beausoleil Low Freq, Low Mag Operation Yes Yes No Yes No 0
141 - Beausoleil High Freq, Low Mag Operation Yes Yes No Yes No 0
124 - Big Grassy High Freq OR High Mag Operation Yes Yes No No No 0
197 - Biinjitiwaabik Zaaging Anishinaabek High Freq, Low Mag Operation No No No No No 0
228 - Brunswick House Low Freq, Low Mag Operation Yes No No No No 0
216 - Cat Lake High Freq, Low Mag Operation Yes Yes No No Yes 1
221 - Chapleau Cree First Nation Low Freq, Low Mag Both Yes Yes No No   3
229 - Chapleau Ojibway Meets Requirements N/A N/A N/A No No No 0
138 - Chippewas of Georgina Island Meets Requirements N/A N/A N/A No No No 0
171 - Chippewas of Kettle and Stony Point Low Freq, Low Mag Operation Yes Yes No No No 0
122 - Chippewas of Nawash Low Freq, Low Mag Operation Yes No No Yes Yes 1
166 - Chippewas of the Thames First Nation High Freq AND High Mag Design Yes Yes No No Yes 1
182 - Constance Lake High Freq OR High Mag Both Yes Yes No Yes   2
126 - Couchiching First Nation Meets Requirements Design No N/A No No No 0
161 - Curve Lake High Freq, Low Mag Design No Yes No No No 0
237 - Deer Lake High Freq, Low Mag Operation Yes Yes No No No 0
218 - Dokis Low Freq, Low Mag Operation Yes Yes No Yes No 0
183 - Eabametoong First Nation High Freq OR High Mag Both Yes Yes No No Yes 1
148 - Eagle Lake Low Freq, Low Mag Operation Yes Yes No Yes No 0
142 - Fort Albany High Freq OR High Mag Operation Yes No No Yes Yes 1
215 - Fort Severn High Freq AND High Mag Unknown Yes Yes No No Yes 1
187 - Fort William Meets Requirements N/A No N/A No No No 0
199 - Garden River First Nation Meets Requirements N/A N/A N/A No No No 0
199 - Garden River First Nation High Freq OR High Mag Design Yes Yes No No No 0
185 - Ginoogaming First Nation Low Freq, Low Mag Operation Yes Yes No No No 0
149 - Grassy Narrows First Nation Low Freq, Low Mag Design Yes Yes Yes No No 0
188 - Gull Bay (Kiashke Zaaging Anishinaabek) High Freq, Low Mag Both Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes 1
231 - Henvey Inlet First Nation Low Freq, Low Mag Operation Yes Yes No Yes No 0
162 - Hiawatha First Nation High Freq, Low Mag Design No Yes No No No 0
154 - No. 39 Independent First Meets Requirements N/A N/A N/A No No No 0
210 - Kasabonika Lake Low Freq, Low Mag Operation Yes Yes No No No 0
243 - Kashechewan High Freq OR High Mag Operation Yes No No No Yes 1
325 - Kee-Way-Win First Nation High Freq AND High Mag Operation Yes No No No Yes 1
212 - Kingfisher Meets Requirements N/A N/A N/A No No   2
209 - Kitchenuh- maykoosib Inninuwug Meets Requirements N/A N/A N/A No No Yes 1
127 - Lac La Croix High Freq, Low Mag Operation Yes Yes No No Yes 1
205 - Lac Seul High Freq, Low Mag Both Yes Yes No No Yes 1
205 - Lac Seul High Freq, Low Mag Both Yes Yes No No Yes 1
205 - Lac Seul High Freq, Low Mag Design Yes Yes No No Yes 1
184 - Long Lake No.58 First Nation Meets Requirements N/A N/A N/A No No Yes 1
174 - Magnetawan Low Freq, Low Mag Operation Yes Yes No Yes No 0
186 - Martin Falls High Freq OR High Mag Both Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes 1
219 - Matachewan Meets Requirements N/A N/A N/A No No No 0
226 - Mattagami Low Freq, Low Mag Operation No Yes No No No 0
181 - M'Chigeeng First Nation High Freq, Low Mag Operation Yes No No No No 0
225 - Michipicoten Low Freq, Low Mag Operation No Yes No No No 0
203 - Mishkee- gogamang Low Freq, Low Mag Design No Yes No No Yes 1
203 - Mishkee- gogamang Low Freq, Low Mag Both No No Yes Yes No 0
203 - Mishkee gogamang High Freq, Low Mag Design No Yes No No No 0
200 - Mississauga Meets Requirements N/A No Yes No No No 0
140 - Mississaugas of Scugog Island First Nation High Freq, Low Mag Design No Yes No No Yes 1
140 - Mississaugas of Scugog Island First Nation High Freq, Low Mag Operation No Yes No No Yes 1
140 - Mississaugas of Scugog Island First Nation High Freq, Low Mag Operation No Yes No No Yes 1
120 - Mississaugas of the Credit Low Freq, Low Mag Unknown Yes No Yes No No 0
159 - Mohawks of Akwesasne Low Freq, Low Mag N/A No Yes No No No 0
159 - Mohawks of Akwesasne High Freq OR High Mag Operation Yes Yes No No No 0
159 - Mohawks of Akwesasne High Freq OR High Mag Both Yes Yes No No No 0
164 - Mohawks of the Bay of Quinte High Freq AND High Mag Design Yes Yes Yes No Yes 1
164 - Mohawks of the Bay of Quinte Meets Requirements N/A N/A N/A No No No 0
144 - Moose Cree First Nation Low Freq, Low Mag Operation Yes Yes No Yes No 0
135 - Moose Deer Point High Freq AND High Mag Design Yes Yes No No No 0
167 - Moravian of the Thames Low Freq, Low Mag Both Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes 1
168 - Munsee-Delaware Nation High Freq OR High Mag Unknown Yes Yes Yes Yes No 0
213 - Muskrat Dam Lake High Freq AND High Mag Both Yes Yes No No Yes 1
128 - Naicatchewenin Low Freq, Low Mag Design Yes Yes No No   3
158 - Naotkame- gwanning High Freq OR High Mag Operation Yes Yes No No Yes 1
239 - Neskantaga First Nation High Freq OR High Mag Unknown N/A N/A No No Yes 1
241 - Nibinamik First Nation High Freq OR High Mag Design Yes Yes No No Yes 1
129 - Nicickouse- menecaning High Freq OR High Mag Design Yes Yes No No No 0
220 - Nipissing First Nation Meets Requirements Operation N/A N/A No No No 0
220 - Nipissing First Nation High Freq OR High Mag Design Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes 1
220 - Nipissing First Nation Low Freq, Low Mag Design Yes No Yes No No 0
220 - Nipissing First Nation Low Freq, Low Mag Design Yes Yes No No No 0
220 - Nipissing First Nation Meets Requirements Design No Yes No No No 0
220 - Nipissing First Nation High Freq OR High Mag Design Yes Yes No No   2
220 - Nipissing First Nation Low Freq, Low Mag Design No Yes No No No 0
220 - Nipissing First Nation High Freq AND High Mag Design Yes Yes No Yes No 0
220 - Nipissing First Nation High Freq, Low Mag Both Yes Yes No No No 0
204 - North Caribou Lake Meets Requirements Both Yes Yes No No No 0
238 - North Spirit Lake High Freq OR High Mag Operation Yes Yes No No Yes 1
151 - Northwest Angle No.33 Meets Requirements N/A N/A N/A N/A No No 0
151 - Northwest Angle No.33 Meets Requirements N/A N/A N/A No No Yes 1
152 - Northwest Angle No.37 Meets Requirements Design No N/A No No Yes 1
152 - Northwest Angle No.37 Low Freq, Low Mag Operation N/A N/A No No Yes 1
235 - Obashka- andagaang Low Freq, Low Mag Design Yes Yes No Yes Yes 1
235 - Obashka- andagaang High Freq, Low Mag Both Yes Yes No No Yes 1
147 - Ochiicha- gwebabi- goining First Nation Meets Requirements N/A N/A N/A No No No 0
131 - Ojibways of Onigaming First Nation Meets Requirements N/A No No No No No 0
192 - Ojibways of the Pic River First Nation Low Freq, Low Mag Operation Yes Yes No Yes No 0
169 - Oneida Nation of the Thames High Freq OR High Mag Both Yes Yes Yes Yes   2
191 - Pays Plat First Nation High Freq, Low Mag Operation Yes No No No No 0
146 - Peawanuck High Freq OR High Mag Operation Yes Yes No Yes Yes 1
195 - Pic Mobert High Freq OR High Mag Operation Yes Yes No Yes Yes 1
195 - Pic Mobert High Freq AND High Mag Both Yes Yes No Yes Yes 1
208 - Pikangikum High Freq OR High Mag Operation Yes No No No Yes 1
236 - Poplar Hill Low Freq, Low Mag Design Yes Yes No No No 0
130 - Rainy River First Nations Low Freq, Low Mag Unknown Yes Yes No No Yes 1
193 - Red Rock Low Freq, Low Mag Operation Yes Yes No No No 0
214 - Sachigo Lake High Freq, Low Mag Operation Yes Yes No No Yes 1
179 - Sagamok Anishnawbek Meets Requirements N/A N/A N/A No No No 0
211 - Sandy Lake First Nation High Freq OR High Mag Both Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes 1
123 - Saugeen Meets Requirements N/A No N/A No No No 0
132 - Seine River First Nation High Freq OR High Mag Operation Yes Yes No No Yes 1
201 - Serpent River First Nation Low Freq, Low Mag Operation Yes Yes No No No 0
201 - Serpent River First Nation High Freq OR High Mag Operation Yes Yes No No No 0
201 - Serpent River First Nation High Freq OR High Mag Operation Yes Yes No Yes No 0
201 - Serpent River First Nation High Freq OR High Mag Operation Yes Yes No Yes No 0
137 - Shawanaga First Nation Low Freq, Low Mag Operation Yes Yes No No No 0
176 - Sheguiandah Meets Requirements N/A N/A N/A No No No 0
178 - Sheshegwaning High Freq OR High Mag Operation Yes No No Yes No 0
155 -Shoal Lake No.40 High Freq, Low Mag Design Yes Yes Yes No Yes 1
155 -Shoal Lake No.40 High Freq, Low Mag Design Yes Yes Yes No Yes 1
155 -Shoal Lake No. 40 Low Freq, Low Mag Design N/A N/A No No Yes 1
155 -Shoal Lake No.40 High Freq, Low Mag Design Yes Yes Yes No Yes 1
155 -Shoal Lake No. 40 High Freq, Low Mag Design Yes Yes Yes No Yes 1
155 -Shoal Lake No.40 High Freq, Low Mag Design Yes Yes Yes No Yes 1
121 - Six Nations of the Grand River High Freq AND High Mag Both Yes No Yes Yes No 0
259 - Slate Falls Nation High Freq AND High Mag Design Yes Yes Yes No Yes 1
259 - Slate Falls Nation High Freq AND High Mag Design Yes Yes Yes No Yes 1
259 - Slate Falls Nation High Freq AND High Mag Design Yes Yes Yes No Yes 1
259 - Slate Falls Nation High Freq AND High Mag Design Yes Yes Yes No Yes 1
259 - Slate Falls Nation High Freq AND High Mag Design Yes Yes Yes No Yes 1
259 - Slate Falls Nation High Freq AND High Mag Design Yes Yes Yes No Yes 1
259 - Slate Falls Nation High Freq AND High Mag Design Yes Yes Yes No Yes 1
259 - Slate Falls Nation High Freq AND High Mag Design Yes Yes Yes No Yes 1
259 - Slate Falls Nation High Freq AND High Mag Design Yes Yes Yes No Yes 1
259 - Slate Falls Nation High Freq AND High Mag Design Yes Yes Yes No Yes 1
259 - Slate Falls Nation High Freq OR High Mag Operation Yes No No No No 0
133 - Stanjikoming First Nation Low Freq, Low Mag Design Yes Yes No No Yes 1
145 - Taykwa Tagamou Nation Low Freq, Low Mag Design Yes Yes No No   3
222 - Temagami First Nation Low Freq, Low Mag Operation No No No No No 0
202 - Thessalon High Freq OR High Mag Operation Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes 1
150 - Wabasee- moong Independent Nations Meets Requirements N/A N/A N/A No No No 0
156 - Wabauskang First Nation Low Freq, Low Mag Operation Yes Yes No No Yes 1
157 - Wabigoon Lake Ojibway Nation Meets Requirements N/A N/A N/A No No No 0
233 - Wahgoshig Low Freq, Low Mag Operation Yes No No No No 0
170 - Walpole Island High Freq OR High Mag Operation Yes No No Yes No 0
206 - Wapekeka Low Freq, Low Mag Operation Yes Yes No No No 0
136 - Wasauksing First Nation Meets Requirements N/A N/A N/A No No No 0
136 - Wasauksing First Nation Meets Requirements N/A N/A N/A No No No 0
136 - Wasauksing First Nation Low Freq, Low Mag Operation Yes Yes No No No 0
234 - Wawakapewin Meets Requirements N/A N/A N/A No No Yes 1
240 - Webequie First Nation High Freq OR High Mag Operation Yes Yes No Yes Yes 1
224 - Whitefish Lake High Freq OR High Mag Design No Yes No No No 0
230 - Whitefish River Meets Requirements N/A N/A N/A No No No 0
190 - Whitesand Meets Requirements N/A No No No No Yes 1
175 - Wikwemikong Low Freq, Low Mag Operation Yes Yes No No No 0
217 - Wunnumin Meets Requirements N/A N/A N/A No No No 0
173 - Zhiibaahaasing First Nation Meets Requirements Design No No No No No 0

Appendix D.1  Individual First Nation Water Summary (continued)

Table D.1 - 3: Regional Summary of Water Operator Information
First Nation Information Water System Information
Band Number - Band Name System Number System Name Water Source
172 - Aamjiwnaang 7178 Aamjiwnaang Water System MTA
153 - Anishinabe of Wauzhushk Onigum 15902 Bald Indian Bay Water Treatment Plant Surface Water
153 - Anishinabe of Wauzhushk Onigum 6484 Wauzhushk Onigum Water Treatment Unit - 2nd Portage Surface Water
125 - Anishnaabeg of Naongashiing 6482 Saug-A-Gaw-Sing Water Treatment System GUDI
242 - Aroland 7130 Aroland Water Treatment System Groundwater
143 - Attawapiskat 7141 Attawapiskat Water Treatment System Surface Water
180 - Aundeck-Omni-Kaning 7219 Sucker Creek Water Treatment System Surface Water
198 - Batchewana First Nation 7154 Ojibways of Batchewana Water System (MTA) MTA
207 - Bearskin Lake 7234 Bearskin Lake Water Treatment System Surface Water
141 - Beausoleil 7159 Cedar Point Water Treatment System Groundwater
141 - Beausoleil 7158 Christian Island Water Treatment System Surface Water
124 - Big Grassy 6466 Big Grassy Water Treatment System Surface Water
197 - Biinjitiwaabik Zaaging Anishinaabek 7188 Rocky Bay Water Treatment System Surface Water
228 - Brunswick House 7228 Brunswick House Water Treatment System Surface Water
216 - Cat Lake 7236 Cat Lake Water Treatment System Surface Water
221 - Chapleau Cree First Nation 7139 Chapleau Cree Water Treatment System GUDI
229 - Chapleau Ojibway 7229 Chapleau Ojibwe Water Treatment System Groundwater
138 - Chippewas of Georgina Island 7157 Georgina Island Water Treatment System Surface Water
171 - Chippewas of Kettle and Stony Point 7177 Kettle and Stony Point Water Treatment System Surface Water
122 - Chippewas of Nawash 7203 Neyaashiinigmiing Water Treatment System Surface Water
166 - Chippewas of the Thames First Nation 7174 Chippewas of the Thames Water Treatment System GUDI
182 - Constance Lake 7131 Constance Lake Water Treatment System Surface Water
126 - Couchiching First Nation 7161 Town of Fort Frances MTA
161 - Curve Lake 7201 Curve Lake Water Treatment System GUDI
237 - Deer Lake 6545 Deer Lake Water Treatment System Surface Water
218 - Dokis 7222 Dokis Water Treatment System Groundwater
183 - Eabametoong First Nation 7132 Eabametoong Water Treatment System Surface Water
148 - Eagle Lake 6529 Eagle Lake Water Treatment System Surface Water
142 - Fort Albany 7140 Fort Albany Water Treatment System Surface Water
215 - Fort Severn 6544 Fort Severn Water Treatment System Surface Water
187 - Fort William 7182 Thunder Bay Water Treatment System MTA
199 - Garden River First Nation NEW001 ECHO RIVER WATER TREATMENT SYSTEM Groundwater
199 - Garden River First Nation 7147 Garden River Water Treatment System Groundwater
185 - Ginoogaming First Nation 7134 Town of Long Lac Water Treatment System MTA
149 - Grassy Narrows First Nation 6530 Grassy Narrows Water Treatment System Surface Water
188 - Gull Bay (Kiashke Zaaging Anishinaabek) 7183 Gull Bay Water Treatment System Surface Water
231 - Henvey Inlet First Nation 7224 Henvey Inlet Pumphouse #2 Water Treatment System Groundwater
162 - Hiawatha First Nation NEW002 HIAWATHA APARTMENT COMPLEX Groundwater
154 - No. 39 Independent First Nation 6533 Shoal Lake 39 Water Treatment System Surface Water
210 - Kasabonika Lake 7170 Kasabonika Lake Water Treatment System Surface Water
243 - Kashechewan 7144 Kashechewan Water Treatment System Surface Water
325 - Kee-Way-Win First Nation 17010 Keewaywin's New Water Treatment System Surface Water
212 - Kingfisher 7171 Kingfisher Lake Water Treatment System Surface Water
209 - Kitchenuhmaykoosib Inninuwug 6541 Kitchenuhmaykoosib Water Treatment System Surface Water
127 - Lac La Croix 7162 Lac La Croix Water Treatment System Surface Water
205 - Lac Seul 6539 Frenchman's Head Water Treatment System Surface Water
205 - Lac Seul 15905 Kejick Bay Water Treatment System Groundwater
205 - Lac Seul 15906 Whitefish Bay Water Treatment System Groundwater
184 - Long Lake No.58 First Nation 7133 Town of Long Lac Water Treatment System MTA
174 - Magnetawan 7225 Magnetawan Water Treatment System Surface Water
186 - Martin Falls 7135 Marten Falls Water Treatment System Surface Water
219 - Matachewan 7226 Matachewan Water Treatment System Groundwater
226 - Mattagami 7227 Mattagami Water Treatment System Groundwater
181 - M'Chigeeng First Nation 14199 West Bay & Lakeview Water Treatment System Surface Water
225 - Michipicoten 7180 Michipicoten Water Treatment System Surface Water
203 - Mishkeegogamang 7190 Mishkeegogamang (New Osnaburgh) Water Treatment System Surface Water
203 - Mishkeegogamang 7189 Mishkeegogamang (Ten House) Well Water Treatment System Groundwater
203 - Mishkeegogamang NEW002 WELL AT ACE LAKE Groundwater
200 - Mississauga 7146 Mississauga Water Treatment System Groundwater
140 - Mississaugas of Scugog Island First Nation 15899 Mississauga's of Scugog Island Pumphouse #1 Groundwater
140 - Mississaugas of Scugog Island First Nation 15900 Mississauga's of Scugog Island Pumphouse #2 Groundwater
140 - Mississaugas of Scugog Island First Nation NEW001 MISSISSAUGAS OF SCUGOG ISLAND PUMPHOUSE #3 Groundwater
120 - Mississaugas of the Credit 7211 New Credit Water Distribution System MTA
159 - Mohawks of Akwesasne 15919 Aksesasne Corwall Island West Water Treatment System Surface Water
159 - Mohawks of Akwesasne 6486 Akwesasne St. Regis Water Treatment System Surface Water
159 - Mohawks of Akwesasne 6485 Akwesasne Wade Lafrance Rd. Pumphouse house GUDI
164 - Mohawks of the Bay of Quinte 6528 Airport Pumphouse and Treatment Facility Surface Water
164 - Mohawks of the Bay of Quinte NEW001 TOWN OF DESERONTO WATER SYSTEM MTA
144 - Moose Cree First Nation 7142 Moose Factory Water Treatment System Surface Water
135 - Moose Deer Point 7160 King Bay & Issac Bay Pumphouse Systems Surface Water
167 - Moravian of the Thames 7175 Moravian of the Thames Water Treatment System GUDI
168 - Munsee-Delaware Nation NEW001 WATER DISTRIBUTION MTA
213 - Muskrat Dam Lake 6542 Muskrat Dam Lake Water Treatment System Surface Water
128 - Naicatchewenin 7163 Naicatchewenin Water Treatment System Surface Water
158 - Naotkamegwanning 6537 Whitefish Bay Water Treatment System Surface Water
239 - Neskantaga First Nation 7137 Neskantaga Water Treatment System Surface Water
241 - Nibinamik First Nation 7138 Nibinamik Water Treatment System Surface Water
129 - Nicickousemenecaning 7164 Nicickousemenecaning Water Treatment System Surface Water
220 - Nipissing First Nation 7191 Nipissing - Arts Lane Water System Groundwater
220 - Nipissing First Nation 8076 Nipissing - Beaucage Village Water Treatment System GUDI
220 - Nipissing First Nation 7212 Nipissing - Business/School Water Treatment System GUDI
220 - Nipissing First Nation 7195 Nipissing - Dushessnay Well 1 Groundwater
220 - Nipissing First Nation 7196 Nipissing - Dushessnay Well 2, 3 and 4 Groundwater
220 - Nipissing First Nation 7194 Nipissing - Garden Village Water System GUDI
220 - Nipissing First Nation 7214 Nipissing - Harry Couchie Water Treatment System Groundwater
220 - Nipissing First Nation 7213 Nipissing - Meadow Site Water Treatment System Groundwater
220 - Nipissing First Nation 7192 Nipissing - VLA Water System Groundwater
204 - North Caribou Lake 7233 North Caribou Lake Water Treatment System Surface Water
238 - North Spirit Lake 7128 North Spirit Lake Water Treatment System Surface Water
151 - Northwest Angle No.33 7126 Angle Inlet Water Treatment System Groundwater
151 - Northwest Angle No.33 7127 NWA 33 Dog Paw Lake Water Treatment System Surface Water
152 - Northwest Angle No.37 6483 NWA 37 Regina Bay Water Treatment System Surface Water
152 - Northwest Angle No.37 15901 Windigo Island Water Treatment System Surface Water
235 - Obashkaandagaang 6532 Obashkaandagaang Water Treatment System Groundwater
235 - Obashkaandagaang   SOUTH END PUMPHOUSE Groundwater
147 - Ochiichagwebabigoining First Nation 7181 The Dalles Water Treatment System Surface Water
131 - Ojibways of Onigaming First Nation 7107 Onigaming Water Treatment System Surface Water
192 - Ojibways of the Pic River First Nation 7185 Pic River Water Treatment System Groundwater
169 - Oneida Nation of the Thames 7176 Oneida Water Treatment System Surface Water
191 - Pays Plat First Nation 7184 Pays Plat Water Treatment System Surface Water
146 - Peawanuck 7193 Peawanuck Water Treatment System GUDI
195 - Pic Mobert 15903 Pic Mobert North New Pumphouse Water System GUDI
195 - Pic Mobert 7187 Pic Mobert South Water Treatment System Surface Water
208 - Pikangikum 6540 Pikangikum Water Treatment System Surface Water
236 - Poplar Hill 7129 Poplar Hill Water Treatment System Surface Water
130 - Rainy River First Nations 7165 Manitou Rapids Water Treatment System GUDI
193 - Red Rock 7186 Red Rock Water Treatment System Surface Water
214 - Sachigo Lake 7235 Sachigo Lake Water Treatment System Surface Water
179 - Sagamok Anishnawbek 7152 Sagamok Water Treatment System Groundwater
211 - Sandy Lake First Nation 7179 Sandy Lake Water Treatment System Surface Water
123 - Saugeen 7210 Town of Saugeen Shores Water Treatment System MTA
132 - Seine River First Nation 7166 Seine River Water Treatment System Surface Water
201 - Serpent River First Nation 7148 Serpent River Pumphouse #1 Groundwater
201 - Serpent River First Nation 7149 Serpent River Pumphouse #2 Groundwater
201 - Serpent River First Nation 7150 Serpent River Pumphouse #3 Groundwater
201 - Serpent River First Nation 7151 Serpent River Pumphouse #5 GUDI
137 - Shawanaga First Nation 7198 Shawanaga Water Treatment System Groundwater
176 - Sheguiandah 7217 Sheguiandah Water Treatment System Surface Water
178 - Sheshegwaning 7218 Sheshegwaning Water Treatment System Surface Water
155 - Shoal Lake No. 40   SHOAL LAKE 40 PUMPHOUSE 2 Surface Water
155 - Shoal Lake No. 40   SHOAL LAKE 40 PUMPHOUSE 3 Surface Water
155 - Shoal Lake No. 40   SHOAL LAKE 40 PUMPHOUSE 4 Surface Water
155 - Shoal Lake No. 40   SHOAL LAKE 40 PUMPHOUSE 5 Surface Water
155 - Shoal Lake No. 40   SHOAL LAKE 40 PUMPHOUSE 9 Surface Water
155 - Shoal Lake No. 40 6534 Shoal Lake 40 Water Treatment System Surface Water
121 - Six Nations of the Grand River 7173 Six Nations Water Treatment System Surface Water
259 - Slate Falls Nation   BAND OFFICE PUMPHOUSE Surface Water
259 - Slate Falls Nation   PUMPHOUSE No. 1 Surface Water
259 - Slate Falls Nation   PUMPHOUSE No. 2 Surface Water
259 - Slate Falls Nation   PUMPHOUSE No. 3 Surface Water
259 - Slate Falls Nation   PUMPHOUSE No. 4 Surface Water
259 - Slate Falls Nation   PUMPHOUSE No. 5 Surface Water
259 - Slate Falls Nation   PUMPHOUSE No. 6 Surface Water
259 - Slate Falls Nation   PUMPHOUSE No. 7 Surface Water
259 - Slate Falls Nation   PUMPHOUSE No. 8 Surface Water
259 - Slate Falls Nation   PUMPHOUSE No. 9 Surface Water
259 - Slate Falls Nation 7232 Slate Falls Water Treatment System Surface Water
133 - Stanjikoming First Nation 7167 Stanjikoming Water Treatment System Surface Water
145 - Taykwa Tagamou Nation 7143 New Post Water Treatment System Groundwater
222 - Temagami First Nation 7197 Bear Island Water Treatment System Surface Water
202 - Thessalon 7153 Thessalon Water Treatment System Groundwater
150 - Wabaseemoong Independent Nations 6531 Wabaseemoong Water Treatment System Surface Water
156 - Wabauskang First Nation 6535 Wabauskang Water Treatment System Surface Water
157 - Wabigoon Lake Ojibway Nation 6536 Wabigoon Lake Water Treatment System Surface Water
233 - Wahgoshig 7230 Wahgoshig Water Treatment System Groundwater
170 - Walpole Island 6538 Walpole Island Water Treatment System Surface Water
206 - Wapekeka 7169 Wapekeka Water Treatment System Surface Water
136 - Wasauksing First Nation   COMMUNITY WELL (SODA'S) Groundwater
136 - Wasauksing First Nation   SIXPLEX WELL Groundwater
136 - Wasauksing First Nation 7199 Wasauksing (Parry Island) Water Treatment System Surface Water
234 - Wawakapewin 7168 Wawakapewin Water Treatment System Groundwater
240 - Webequie First Nation 7136 Webequie Water Treatment System Surface Water
224 - Whitefish Lake 7145 Whitefish Lake Water System MTA
230 - Whitefish River 7215 Whitefish River Water Treatment System Surface Water
190 - Whitesand 17016 Whitesand Water System MTA
175 - Wikwemikong 7231 Wikwemikong Water Treatment System Surface Water
217 - Wunnumin 7172 Wunnumin Lake Water Treatment System Surface Water
173 - Zhiibaahaasing First Nation 7216 Zhiibaahaasing Water Treatment System Surface Water

Table D.1 - 3: Regional Summary of Water Operator Information (continued)
First Nation Information Operator Information
Band Number - Band Name Primary Operator Exists Primary Operator Treatment Class Primary Operator Distribution Class Secondary Operator Exists Secondary Operator Treatment Class Secondary Operator Distribution Class
172 - Aamjiwnaang NR Not Required Not Required No Not Required Not Required
153 - Anishinabe of Wauzhushk Onigum Yes Level I No Certification Yes No Certification No Certification
153 - Anishinabe of Wauzhushk Onigum Yes Level I No Certification Yes No Certification No Certification
125 - Anishnaabeg of Naongashiing Yes No Certification No Certification Yes No Certification No Certification
242 - Aroland Yes No Certification No Certification No Not Required No Operator
143 - Attawapiskat Yes Level II Level I Yes No Certification No Certification
180 - Aundeck-Omni-Kaning Yes Level II Level II Yes No Certification No Certification
198 - Batchewana First Nation NR Not Required Not Required No Not Required Not Required
207 - Bearskin Lake Yes Level I No Certification Yes No Certification No Certification
141 - Beausoleil Yes Level II Level III Yes No Certification No Certification
141 - Beausoleil Yes Level II Level III Yes No Certification No Certification
124 - Big Grassy Yes Level I No Certification Yes No Certification No Certification
197 - Biinjitiwaabik Zaaging Anishinaabek Yes Level II Level II Yes No Certification No Certification
228 - Brunswick House No No Certification No Certification Yes Level II Level II
216 - Cat Lake No No Certification No Certification No Not Required No Operator
221 - Chapleau Cree First Nation Yes Level II Level II Yes Level I Level I
229 - Chapleau Ojibway Yes Level II Level II Yes Level II Level II
138 - Chippewas of Georgina Island Yes Level II No Certification Yes Level I No Certification
171 - Chippewas of Kettle and Stony Point Yes Level II Level II Yes No Certification No Certification
122 - Chippewas of Nawash Yes Level I Level I Yes Level II Level I
166 - Chippewas of the Thames First Nation Yes Level I Level I Yes Not Required No Operator
182 - Constance Lake Yes Level II Level I Yes Level I Level I
126 - Couchiching First Nation Yes No Certification No Certification Yes Not Required No Certification
161 - Curve Lake Yes Level I Level II Yes No Certification No Certification
237 - Deer Lake Yes No Certification No Certification Yes No Certification No Certification
218 - Dokis Yes Level I No Certification Yes Level I No Certification
183 - Eabametoong First Nation Yes Level I Level I Yes No Certification No Certification
148 - Eagle Lake Yes Level I Level I Yes Level I Level I
142 - Fort Albany Yes Level II No Certification Yes No Certification No Certification
215 - Fort Severn Yes No Certification No Certification Yes No Certification No Certification
187 - Fort William No Not Required   No Not Required  
199 - Garden River First Nation Yes Level I Level I Yes Level I Level I
199 - Garden River First Nation Yes Level I Level I Yes Level I Level I
185 - Ginoogaming First Nation Yes No Certification No Certification Yes No Certification No Certification
149 - Grassy Narrows First Nation Yes Level II Level I Yes No Certification No Certification
188 - Gull Bay (Kiashke Zaaging Anishinaabek) Yes No Certification No Certification No Not Required No Operator
231 - Henvey Inlet First Nation Yes No Certification No Certification Yes Level I Level I
162 - Hiawatha First Nation Yes Not Required No Operator No Not Required No Operator
154 - No. 39 Independent First Nation Yes Level II Level II Yes Level I Level I
210 - Kasabonika Lake Yes Level II Level II Yes No Certification No Certification
243 - Kashechewan Yes Level III Level I Yes Level II Level I
325 - Kee-Way-Win First Nation Yes No Certification No Certification Yes Level I No Certification
212 - Kingfisher Yes No Certification No Certification Yes No Certification No Certification
209 - Kitchenuhmaykoosib Inninuwug Yes No Certification No Certification Yes No Certification No Certification
127 - Lac La Croix Yes Level II Level I No Not Required No Operator
205 - Lac Seul Yes Level I Level I Yes No Certification No Certification
205 - Lac Seul Yes No Certification No Certification Yes No Certification No Certification
205 - Lac Seul Yes No Certification No Certification Yes Not Required No Certification
184 - Long Lake No.58 First Nation Yes No Certification No Certification No Not Required  
174 - Magnetawan Yes Level I Level I No Not Required No Operator
186 - Martin Falls Yes No Certification No Certification Yes No Certification No Certification
219 - Matachewan Yes Level III Level III Yes Level III Level III
226 - Mattagami Yes No Certification No Certification No Not Required No Operator
181 - M'Chigeeng First Nation Yes Level II Level II Yes Level II Level II
225 - Michipicoten Yes Level II Level I Yes No Certification No Certification
203 - Mishkeegogamang Yes No Certification No Certification Yes No Certification No Certification
203 - Mishkeegogamang Yes No Certification No Certification Yes No Certification No Certification
203 - Mishkeegogamang Yes No Certification No Certification Yes No Certification No Certification
200 - Mississauga Yes No Certification No Certification Yes Level I Level I
140 - Mississaugas of Scugog Island First Nation Yes Level II Level I Yes No Certification Level I
140 - Mississaugas of Scugog Island First Nation Yes Level II Level I Yes No Certification Level I
140 - Mississaugas of Scugog Island First Nation Yes Level II Level I Yes No Certification Level I
120 - Mississaugas of the Credit Yes Not Required Level I Yes Not Required Level I
159 - Mohawks of Akwesasne Yes Level II Level II Yes No Certification No Certification
159 - Mohawks of Akwesasne Yes Level I Level I Yes Level I Level I
159 - Mohawks of Akwesasne Yes Level II Level II Yes Level I Level I
164 - Mohawks of the Bay of Quinte Yes No Certification No Certification Yes No Certification No Certification
164 - Mohawks of the Bay of Quinte Yes Not Required No Certification Yes Not Required No Certification
144 - Moose Cree First Nation Yes Level II No Certification Yes No Certification No Certification
135 - Moose Deer Point Yes Level II Level I Yes Level I Level I
167 - Moravian of the Thames Yes Level I Level II No Not Required No Operator
168 - Munsee-Delaware Nation NR Not Required Not Required No Not Required Not Required
213 - Muskrat Dam Lake Yes Level I Level II Yes No Certification No Certification
128 - Naicatchewenin Yes Level I No Certification Yes No Certification No Certification
158 - Naotkamegwanning Yes Level I No Certification Yes Not Required No Certification
239 - Neskantaga First Nation Yes No Certification No Certification No Not Required No Operator
241 - Nibinamik First Nation Yes No Certification No Certification Yes No Certification No Certification
129 - Nicickousemenecaning Yes Level II Level II Yes No Certification No Certification
220 - Nipissing First Nation Yes Level I Level I Yes Level I Level I
220 - Nipissing First Nation Yes Level I Level I Yes No Certification No Certification
220 - Nipissing First Nation Yes No Certification No Certification Yes No Certification No Certification
220 - Nipissing First Nation Yes Level I Level I Yes No Certification No Certification
220 - Nipissing First Nation Yes Level I Level I Yes No Certification No Certification
220 - Nipissing First Nation Yes Level I Level I Yes No Certification No Certification
220 - Nipissing First Nation Yes Level I Level I Yes No Certification No Certification
220 - Nipissing First Nation Yes Level I Level I Yes No Certification No Certification
220 - Nipissing First Nation Yes Level I Level I Yes No Certification No Certification
204 - North Caribou Lake Yes Level I No Certification Yes No Certification No Certification
238 - North Spirit Lake Yes No Certification No Certification Yes No Certification No Certification
151 - Northwest Angle No.33 Yes Not Required No Operator No Not Required No Operator
151 - Northwest Angle No.33 Yes Level I Level I Yes Level I No Certification
152 - Northwest Angle No.37 Yes No Certification No Certification Yes Level I Level I
152 - Northwest Angle No.37 Yes No Certification No Certification Yes Level I Level I
235 - Obashkaandagaang Yes Level I Level I No Not Required No Operator
235 - Obashkaandagaang Yes Level I Level I No Not Required No Operator
147 - Ochiichagwebabigoining First Nation Yes Level II Level I Yes Level I Level I
131 - Ojibways of Onigaming First Nation Yes Level II No Certification Yes Level I No Certification
192 - Ojibways of the Pic River First Nation Yes Level II Level I Yes Level I Level I
169 - Oneida Nation of the Thames Yes Level II Level II Yes Level II Level II
191 - Pays Plat First Nation Yes No Certification No Certification Yes No Certification No Certification
146 - Peawanuck Yes No Certification No Certification Yes No Certification No Certification
195 - Pic Mobert Yes Level I No Certification Yes No Certification No Certification
195 - Pic Mobert Yes Level I No Certification Yes No Certification No Certification
208 - Pikangikum Yes Level I Level I Yes No Certification No Operator
236 - Poplar Hill Yes No Certification No Certification Yes No Certification No Certification
130 - Rainy River First Nations Yes Level III Level II Yes No Certification No Certification
193 - Red Rock Yes Level II Level II Yes Level I Level II
214 - Sachigo Lake Yes No Certification No Certification Yes Level II No Certification
179 - Sagamok Anishnawbek Yes Level I Level I Yes Not Required No Operator
211 - Sandy Lake First Nation Yes Level I Level I Yes No Certification No Certification
123 - Saugeen Yes Not Required Level II Yes Not Required Level II
132 - Seine River First Nation Yes Level I Level I Yes No Certification Level I
201 - Serpent River First Nation Yes No Certification No Certification Yes Level I Level I
201 - Serpent River First Nation Yes No Certification No Certification Yes Level I Level I
201 - Serpent River First Nation Yes No Certification No Certification Yes Level I Level I
201 - Serpent River First Nation Yes No Certification No Certification Yes Level I Level I
137 - Shawanaga First Nation Yes Level II No Certification No Not Required No Operator
176 - Sheguiandah Yes No Certification No Certification Yes Level I Level I
178 - Sheshegwaning Yes No Certification Level I Yes Level I Level I
155 - Shoal Lake No. 40 Yes No Certification No Certification Yes No Certification No Certification
155 - Shoal Lake No. 40 Yes No Certification No Certification Yes No Certification No Certification
155 - Shoal Lake No. 40 Yes No Certification No Certification Yes No Certification No Certification
155 - Shoal Lake No. 40 Yes No Certification No Certification Yes No Certification No Certification
155 - Shoal Lake No. 40 Yes No Certification No Certification Yes No Certification No Certification
155 - Shoal Lake No. 40 Yes No Certification No Certification Yes No Certification No Certification
121 - Six Nations of the Grand River Yes Level II Level II Yes Level I Level I
259 - Slate Falls Nation Yes No Certification No Certification Yes No Certification No Certification
259 - Slate Falls Nation Yes No Certification No Certification Yes No Certification No Certification
259 - Slate Falls Nation Yes No Certification No Certification Yes No Certification No Certification
259 - Slate Falls Nation Yes No Certification No Certification Yes No Certification No Certification
259 - Slate Falls Nation Yes No Certification No Certification Yes No Certification No Certification
259 - Slate Falls Nation Yes No Certification No Certification Yes No Certification No Certification
259 - Slate Falls Nation Yes No Certification No Certification Yes No Certification No Certification
259 - Slate Falls Nation Yes No Certification No Certification Yes No Certification No Certification
259 - Slate Falls Nation Yes No Certification No Certification Yes No Certification No Certification
259 - Slate Falls Nation Yes No Certification No Certification Yes No Certification No Certification
259 - Slate Falls Nation Yes No Certification No Operator Yes No Certification No Operator
133 - Stanjikoming First Nation Yes Level II Level I Yes No Certification No Certification
145 - Taykwa Tagamou Nation Yes No Certification No Certification Yes No Certification No Certification
222 - Temagami First Nation Yes Level II No Certification Yes Level II No Certification
202 - Thessalon Yes No Certification No Certification Yes No Certification No Certification
150 - Wabaseemoong Independent Nations Yes Level I Level II Yes Level I Level I
156 - Wabauskang First Nation Yes No Certification No Certification Yes No Certification No Certification
157 - Wabigoon Lake Ojibway Nation Yes Level II Level I No Not Required No Operator
233 - Wahgoshig Yes Level I Level I No Not Required No Operator
170 - Walpole Island Yes Level III Level II Yes Level I Level I
206 - Wapekeka Yes No Certification No Certification Yes No Certification No Certification
136 - Wasauksing First Nation Yes Level I Level I Yes Level I Level I
136 - Wasauksing First Nation Yes Level I Level I Yes Level I Level I
136 - Wasauksing First Nation Yes Level I Level I Yes Level I Level I
234 - Wawakapewin Yes No Certification Level I No Not Required No Operator
240 - Webequie First Nation Yes No Certification No Certification Yes No Certification No Certification
224 - Whitefish Lake Yes Not Required Level I Yes Not Required Level I
230 - Whitefish River Yes Level II Level I Yes Level I No Certification
190 - Whitesand Yes Not Required No Certification Yes Not Required No Certification
175 - Wikwemikong Yes Level II Level I Yes Level I Level I
217 - Wunnumin Yes Level II No Certification Yes No Certification No Certification
173 - Zhiibaahaasing First Nation Yes Level II Level I No Not Required No Operator

Appendix D.2  Individual First Nation Wastewater Summary

Table D.2 - 1: Regional Summary of Wastewater Treatment
First Nation Information Wastewater System Information
Band Number - Band Name System Number System Name Const Year Receiver Name Treatment Class Design Capacity [m3/d] Max Daily Volume [m3/d]
172 - Aamjiwnaang 7735 Aamjiwnaang Wastewater System 1997 MTA MTA 377.2 377.2
153 - Anishinabe of Wauzhushk Onigum 7260 Bald Indian Bay Wastewater System 2000 Lake, Reservoir Level I 171 67
125 - Anishnaabeg of Naongashiing 7259 Saug-A-Gaw-Sing Wastewater Treatment System 2000 Lake, Reservoir Level I 77.6 77.6
242 - Aroland 7714 Aroland Wastewater System 1995 Wetland Level I    
143 - Attawapiskat 7717 Attawapiskat Wastewater System 2001 Large River Level I 1238 1021
198 - Batchewana First Nation 7721 Batchewana Sanitary Main 1996 MTA MTA    
207 - Bearskin Lake 7749 Bearskin Lake Wastewater System 1994 Lake, Reservoir Level I 135 170
197 - Biinjitiwaabik Zaaging Anishinaabek 7739 Rocky Bay Wastewater System 1987 Lake, Reservoir Level II 195.8 156
216 - Cat Lake 7751 Cat Lake Wastewater System 1995 Lake, Reservoir Level I 108 212.5
138 - Chippewas of Georgina Island   GEORGINA ISLAND FIRST NATION WASTEWATER TREATMENT SYSTEM 1992 Tile Field Small System 1.3  
171 - Chippewas of Kettle and Stony Point 7734 Kettle and Stony Point Wastewater System 2000 Creek Level II 240 107
166 - Chippewas of the Thames First Nation NEW001 WWTP 2007 Tile Field Small System 9.75 9.75
166 - Chippewas of the Thames First Nation 7732 Chippewas of the Thames Wastewater System 2001 Creek Level III 99.6 49.8
182 - Constance Lake 7708 Constance Lake Wastewater System 1997 Wetland Level I 685 431
126 - Couchiching First Nation 7724 Town of Fort Frances 1998 MTA MTA 453 329
237 - Deer Lake 7705 Deer Lake Wastewater System 2001 Lake, Reservoir Level II 284  
218 - Dokis NEW001 DOKIS WASTEWATER TREATMENT SYSTEM 2008 Wetland Level I 6.8  
183 - Eabametoong First Nation 7709 Eabametoong Wastewater System 1995 Wetland Level I 548 548
142 - Fort Albany 7716 Fort Albany Wastewater System 1997 Creek Level I 730 493
215 - Fort Severn 17014 Fort Severn Wastewater System 1995 Wetland Level I 84 133
187 - Fort William 7737 Fort William First Nation Wastewater System 1998 Wetland Level I 190 125
185 - Ginoogaming First Nation 7711 Town of Long Lac 1977 MTA MTA    
149 - Grassy Narrows First Nation 7694 Grassy Narrows Wastewater System 2004 Lake, Reservoir Level II 256 294
188 - Gull Bay (Kiashke Zaaging Anishinaabek) 7738 Gull Bay Wastewater System 1996 River Level I 180 195
154 - No. 39 Independent First Nation 7696 Shoal Lake 39 Wastewater System 2000 Lake, Reservoir Level II 255 80
210 - Kasabonika Lake 7729 Kasabonika Lake Wastewater System 1993 Lake, Reservoir Level II 200 230
243 - Kashechewan 7720 Kashechewan Wastewater System 1997 Creek Level I 780 564
325 - Kee-Way-Win First Nation 7704 Keewaywin Wastewater System 2001 Lake, Reservoir Level I 164 134
212 - Kingfisher 7730 Kingfisher Lake Wastewater System 1996 Wetland Level I 339 126
209 - Kitchenuh-maykoosib Inninuwug 7700 Big Trout Lake Wastewater System 2002 Lake, Reservoir Level I 205 160
127 - Lac La Croix 7725 Lac La Croix Wastewater System 2004 River Level I 86.7 83
184 - Long Lake No.58 First Nation 7710 Town of Long Lac 1985 MTA MTA    
174 - Magnetawan 7746 Magnetawan Wastewater System 1998 River Level II 70  
186 - Martin Falls 7715 Marten Falls Wastewater System 1997 Wetland Level I 128 104
181 - M'Chigeeng First Nation 7744 Lakeview Communal Sewage System 1990 Lake, Reservoir Level I 450 200
181 - M'Chigeeng First Nation 7745 M'Chigeeng Village Communal Sewage System 1990 Lake, Reservoir Level I 391 700
203 - Mishkee-gogamang   Teacherage and Nursing Residence Septic System 2000 Tile Field Small System unknown unknown
140 - Mississaugas of Scugog Island First Nation   APARTMENT COMPLEX 1991 Sub-Surface/ Ground Small System 8  
120 - Mississaugas of the Credit 7742 New Credit Wastewater System 1997 Creek Level I 446.5 160
159 - Mohawks of Akwesasne 7486 RBC 1990 Large River Level I 200 163
159 - Mohawks of Akwesasne NEW001 AKWESASNE CHAPMAN ROAD WETLAND TREATMENT SYSTEM 2006 Wetland Level I 45 45
159 - Mohawks of Akwesasne 15920 RBC 1995 Large River Level I 30 23
159 - Mohawks of Akwesasne 7294 No. 59 - Daycare (ARCHIVE) 2000 Sub-Surface/ Ground Level I 4.7 2.9
159 - Mohawks of Akwesasne 7298 RBC/Lagoon 1991 Wetland Level I 68 110
159 - Mohawks of Akwesasne 7297 RBC 1990 Large River Level I 60 52.6
159 - Mohawks of Akwesasne 7293 St.Regis Wastewater Treatment Plant 1991 Large River Level II 3685 994
164 - Mohawks of the Bay of Quinte 7649 Town of Deseronto Wastewater System 1997 MTA MTA 238.6 219.4
144 - Moose Cree First Nation 7718 Moose Factory Wastewater System 1987 Large River Level II 1875 1660
213 - Muskrat Dam Lake 7702 Muskrat Dam Lake Wastewater System 2007 Lake, Reservoir Level I 159 118.7
128 - Naicatchewenin 7726 Naicatchewenin Wastewater System 1996 Lake, Reservoir Level I 115.86 80.3
158 - Naotkame-gwanning 7693 Whitefish Bay Wastewater System 1998 Lake, Reservoir Level I 180 206
239 - Neskantaga First Nation 17015 Neskantaga Wastewater System 2003 Wetland Level I 250 122
241 - Nibinamik First Nation 7712 Nibinamik Wastewater System 1997 Lake, Reservoir Level I 175 147
220 - Nipissing First Nation NEW001 STP 2009 Wetland Level II 380 69
204 - North Caribou Lake 7748 North Caribou Lake Wastewater System 1997 Lake, Reservoir Level I 208 257
238 - North Spirit Lake 7706 North Spirit Lake Wastewater System 1999 River Level II 150.0 116
147 - Ochiicha-gwebabig-oining First Nation 7736 The Dalles Wastewater System 2001 River Level I 164.8 49.7
169 - Oneida Nation of the Thames NEW001 ONEIDA COLLIN RUSSELL WASTEWATER SYSTEM 1994 Creek Level II 150 36.9
169 - Oneida Nation of the Thames 7733 Oneida Village Wastewater System 2000 Creek Level I 66.8 66.8
146 - Peawanuck 7743 Peawanuck Wastewater System 1988 Large River Level I 98.3 76
208 - Pikangikum 7703 Pikangikum Wastewater System 1985 Wetland Level I 190 135.4
236 - Poplar Hill 7707 Poplar Hill Wastewater System 1999 River Level II 218 123
130 - Rainy River First Nations 7727 Manitou Rapids Wastewater System 1995 River Level I 143 140
214 - Sachigo Lake 7750 Sachigo Lake Wastewater System 2003 Lake, Reservoir Level I 223 241
211 - Sandy Lake First Nation 7740 Sandy Lake Wastewater System 1992 River Level I 770 754
123 - Saugeen NEW001 SAUGEEN WASTEWATER SYSTEM 0 Tile Field Small System 21 21
132 - Seine River First Nation 7723 Seine River Wastewater System 1996 Wetland Level I 361 138.6
137 - Shawanaga First Nation   TEN-PLEX SEPTIC SYSTEM 0 Tile Field Small System    
121 - Six Nations of the Grand River 7731 Six Nations of the Grand River Wastewater System 1999 Creek Level I 947 900
145 - Taykwa Tagamou Nation 7719 New Post Wastewater System 2009 Large River Level I 52 42
222 - Temagami First Nation 7741 Bear Island Wastewater System 1998 Wetland Level I 95 67
150 - Wabaseemoong Independent Nations 7695 Wabaseemoong Wastewater System 2001 River Level II 908 272
170 - Walpole Island NEW001 ARENA WASTEWATER SYSTEM 1996 River Small System unknown unknown
170 - Walpole Island 7698 Walpole Island Residential Wastewater System 1994 Wetland Level II 36 36
206 - Wapekeka 7728 Wapekeka Wastewater System 1990 River Level I 102 141
240 - Webequie First Nation 7713 Webequie Wastewater System 2001 River Level II 400 263
175 - Wikwemikong 7747 Wikwemikong Wastewater System 1997 Lake, Reservoir Level II 1970 635

Table D.2 - 1: Regional Summary of Wastewater Treatment (continued)
First Nation Information Wastewater System Information
Band Number - Band Name Wastewater System Type Wastewater Treatment Level Wastewater Disinfection Chlorine Wastewater Disinfection UV Discharge Frequency Wastewater Sludge Treatment
172 - Aamjiwnaang MTA MTA MTA MTA MTA MTA
153 - Anishinabe of Wauzhushk Onigum RBC Secondary Yes No Continuous Yes
125 - Anishnaabeg of Naongashiing RBC Tertiary No Yes Continuous Yes
242 - Aroland Faculative lagoon Secondary No No Spring, fall No
143 - Attawapiskat Faculative lagoon Secondary No No Spring, fall No
198 - Batchewana First Nation MTA MTA MTA MTA MTA MTA
207 - Bearskin Lake Faculative lagoon Secondary No No Spring, fall No
197 - Biinjitiwaabik Zaaging Anishinaabek Mechanical Tertiary Yes No Continuous Yes
216 - Cat Lake Faculative lagoon Secondary No No Spring Yes
138 - Chippewas of Georgina Island Faculative lagoon Secondary No No Continuous Yes
171 - Chippewas of Kettle and Stony Point RBC Secondary No Yes Continuous No
166 - Chippewas of the Thames First Nation Other Secondary No No Other No
166 - Chippewas of the Thames First Nation SBR Tertiary No Yes Continuous Yes
182 - Constance Lake Faculative lagoon Secondary No No Spring, fall No
126 - Couchiching First Nation MTA MTA MTA MTA MTA MTA
237 - Deer Lake RBC Secondary Yes   Continuous Yes
218 - Dokis Faculative lagoon Secondary No No Fall No
183 - Eabametoong First Nation Faculative lagoon Secondary No No Spring No
142 - Fort Albany Faculative lagoon Secondary No No Continuous No
215 - Fort Severn Faculative lagoon Secondary No No Fall No
187 - Fort William Faculative lagoon Secondary No No Spring, fall No
185 - Ginoogaming First Nation MTA MTA MTA MTA MTA MTA
149 - Grassy Narrows First Nation RBC Secondary Yes No Continuous Yes
188 - Gull Bay (Kiashke Zaaging Anishinaabek) Faculative lagoon Secondary No No Spring, fall No
154 - No. 39 Independent First Nation Activated Sludge Plant Tertiary Yes Yes Continuous Yes
210 - Kasabonika Lake RBC Secondary Yes No Continuous Yes
243 - Kashechewan Faculative lagoon Secondary No No Spring, fall No
325 - Kee-Way-Win First Nation Faculative lagoon Secondary No No Spring No
212 - Kingfisher Faculative lagoon Secondary No No Fall Yes
209 -

Kitchenuh-maykoosib Inninuwug

Faculative lagoon Secondary     Fall No
127 - Lac La Croix Faculative lagoon Secondary No No Spring, fall No
184 - Long Lake No.58 First Nation MTA MTA MTA MTA MTA MTA
174 - Magnetawan RBC Secondary No No Continuous No
186 - Martin Falls Faculative lagoon Secondary     Spring No
181 - M'Chigeeng First Nation Faculative lagoon Secondary No No Spring, fall No
181 - M'Chigeeng First Nation Faculative lagoon Secondary No No Spring, fall No
203 - Mishkee- gogamang Septic Primary No No Continuous No
140 - Mississaugas of Scugog Island First Nation Septic Primary No No Continuous No
120 - Mississaugas of the Credit Faculative lagoon Tertiary No No Other No
159 - Mohawks of Akwesasne RBC Secondary No Yes Continuous Yes
159 - Mohawks of Akwesasne Septic Primary No No Continuous No
159 - Mohawks of Akwesasne RBC Secondary No Yes Continuous Yes
159 - Mohawks of Akwesasne Other Primary No No Continuous No
159 - Mohawks of Akwesasne RBC Secondary No Yes Continuous Yes
159 - Mohawks of Akwesasne RBC Secondary No Yes Continuous No
159 - Mohawks of Akwesasne RBC Secondary No Yes Continuous No
164 - Mohawks of the Bay of Quinte MTA MTA MTA MTA MTA MTA
144 - Moose Cree First Nation Aerated lagoon Secondary     Continuous No
213 - Muskrat Dam Lake Faculative lagoon Secondary No No Fall No
128 - Naicatchewenin Faculative lagoon Secondary No No Spring, fall No
158 - Naotkame- gwanning RBC Secondary Yes No Continuous Yes
239 - Neskantaga First Nation Faculative lagoon Secondary No No Spring, fall No
241 - Nibinamik First Nation Faculative lagoon Secondary No No Spring, fall No
220 - Nipissing First Nation Mechanical Tertiary No Yes Other No
204 - North Caribou Lake Faculative lagoon Secondary No No Other No
238 - North Spirit Lake RBC Secondary Yes   Continuous No
147 - Ochiicha-gwebabig-oining First Nation Faculative lagoon Secondary No No Other Yes
169 - Oneida Nation of the Thames Mechanical Tertiary No Yes Other No
169 - Oneida Nation of the Thames SBR Tertiary No Yes Other Yes
146 - Peawanuck Faculative lagoon Secondary No No Spring No
208 - Pikangikum Faculative lagoon Secondary No No Spring No
236 - Poplar Hill RBC Secondary Yes No Continuous No
130 - Rainy River First Nations Faculative lagoon Secondary No No Spring, fall No
214 - Sachigo Lake Faculative lagoon Secondary No No Spring, fall No
211 - Sandy Lake First Nation Faculative lagoon Secondary No No Spring, fall No
123 - Saugeen Mechanical Secondary No No Continuous No
132 - Seine River First Nation Faculative lagoon Secondary No No Spring, fall No
137 - Shawanaga First Nation Septic Primary No No Continuous No
121 - Six Nations of the Grand River Faculative lagoon Secondary No No Spring, fall No
145 - Taykwa Tagamou Nation Faculative lagoon Secondary No No Continuous No
222 - Temagami First Nation Faculative lagoon Secondary No No Spring Yes
150 - Wabaseemoong Independent Nations RBC Secondary No Yes Continuous Yes
170 - Walpole Island Mechanical Tertiary No Yes Continuous No
170 - Walpole Island Mechanical Tertiary No Yes Continuous No
206 - Wapekeka Faculative lagoon Secondary No No Spring, fall No
240 - Webequie First Nation RBC Secondary No Yes Continuous Yes
175 - Wikwemikong RBC Secondary Yes No Continuous Yes

Appendix D.2  Individual First Nation Wastewater Summary (continued)

Table D.2 - 2: Regional Summary of Wastewater Collection Systems, Effluent Quality and Operators
First Nation Information Collection System Information
Band Number - Band Name System Number System Name Collection Type Collection Class Pop. Served Homes Piped Homes Trucked
172 - Aamjiwnaang 7735 Aamjiwnaang Wastewater System Piped, Low Pressure MTA 909 221 0
153 - Anishinabe of Wauzhushk Onigum 7260 Bald Indian Bay Wastewater System Piped, Trucked Level I 285 58 15
125 - Anishnaabeg of Naongashiing 7259 Saug-A-Gaw-Sing Wastewater Treatment System Piped Level I 175 30 0
242 - Aroland 7714 Aroland Wastewater System Piped Small System 334 111 0
143 - Attawapiskat 7717 Attawapiskat Wastewater System Piped Level I 1909 280 0
198 - Batchewana First Nation 7721 Batchewana Sanitary Main Piped MTA 538 182 0
207 - Bearskin Lake 7749 Bearskin Lake Wastewater System Piped, Trucked Level I 428 40 112
197 - Biinjitiwaabik Zaaging Anishinaabek 7739 Rocky Bay Wastewater System Piped, Trucked Level II 345 78 0
216 - Cat Lake 7751 Cat Lake Wastewater System Piped Level I 512 109 0
138 - Chippewas of Georgina Island   GEORGINA ISLAND FIRST NATION WASTEWATER TREATMENT SYSTEM Trucked Small System 202 0 0
171 - Chippewas of Kettle and Stony Point 7734 Kettle and Stony Point Wastewater System Piped Level I 288 85 0
166 - Chippewas of the Thames First Nation NEW001 WWTP Piped NA 30 1 0
166 - Chippewas of the Thames First Nation 7732 Chippewas of the Thames Wastewater System Piped Level I 70 21 0
182 - Constance Lake 7708 Constance Lake Wastewater System Piped Level II 842 246 0
126 - Couchiching First Nation 7724 Town of Fort Frances Piped, Trucked Level II 762 225 1
237 - Deer Lake 7705 Deer Lake Wastewater System Piped, Trucked Level I 968 54 137
218 - Dokis NEW001 DOKIS WASTEWATER TREATMENT SYSTEM Trucked NA 178 0 95
183 - Eabametoong First Nation 7709 Eabametoong Wastewater System Piped Level I 1451 267 0
142 - Fort Albany 7716 Fort Albany Wastewater System Piped Level I 1210 171 0
215 - Fort Severn 17014 Fort Severn Wastewater System Trucked NA 602 0 112
187 - Fort William 7737 Fort William First Nation Wastewater System Piped Level II 300 79 0
185 - Ginoogaming First Nation 7711 Town of Long Lac Piped Small System 208 66 0
149 - Grassy Narrows First Nation 7694 Grassy Narrows Wastewater System Piped Level II 798 187 0
188 - Gull Bay (Kiashke Zaaging Anishinaabek) 7738 Gull Bay Wastewater System Piped Level I 470 75 0
154 - NO. 39 Independent First Nation 7696 Shoal Lake 39 Wastewater System Piped Level I 198 78 8
210 - Kasabonika Lake 7729 Kasabonika Lake Wastewater System Piped, Trucked Level I 930 166 28
243 - Kashechewan 7720 Kashechewan Wastewater System Piped Level I 1575 248 0
325 - Kee-Way-Win First Nation 7704 Keewaywin Wastewater System Piped, Low Pressure Level I 504 82 0
212 - Kingfisher 7730 Kingfisher Lake Wastewater System Piped, Trucked Level I 489 79 49
209 - Kitchenuhmaykoosib Inninuwug 7700 Big Trout Lake Wastewater System Piped, Trucked Level I 905 87 186
127 - Lac La Croix 7725 Lac La Croix Wastewater System Piped, Low Pressure Level I 283 81 0
184 - Long Lake No.58 First Nation 7710 Town of Long Lac Piped Level I 432 116 0
174 - Magnetawan 7746 Magnetawan Wastewater System Piped, Low Pressure Level I 92 32 0
186 - Martin Falls 7715 Marten Falls Wastewater System Piped Level I 288 91 0
181 - M'Chigeeng First Nation 7744 Lakeview Communal Sewage System Piped, Low Pressure Level II 246 101 0
181 - M'Chigeeng First Nation 7745 M'Chigeeng Village Communal Sewage System Piped, Low Pressure Level II 314 132 0
203 - Mishkeegogamang   Teacherage and Nursing Residence Septic System Piped Small System 36 9 0
140 - Mississaugas of Scugog Island First Nation   APARTMENT COMPLEX Piped Small System 9 0 0
120 - Mississaugas of the Credit 7742 New Credit Wastewater System Piped Level II 381 71 17
159 - Mohawks of Akwesasne 7486 RBC Piped Level I 461 64 0
159 - Mohawks of Akwesasne NEW001 AKWESASNE CHAPMAN ROAD WETLAND TREATMENT SYSTEM Piped Level I 108 15 0
159 - Mohawks of Akwesasne 15920 RBC Piped Level I 7 1 0
159 - Mohawks of Akwesasne 7294 NO. 59 - Daycare (ARCHIVE) Piped, Low Pressure Level I 7 1 0
159 - Mohawks of Akwesasne 7298 RBC/Lagoon Piped, Low Pressure Level I 266 37 0
159 - Mohawks of Akwesasne 7297 RBC Piped, Low Pressure Level I 36 5 0
159 - Mohawks of Akwesasne 7293 St.Regis Wastewater Treatment Plant Piped Level II 2520 350 0
164 - Mohawks of the Bay of Quinte 7649 Town of Deseronto Wastewater System Piped Level II 707 257 0
144 - Moose Cree First Nation 7718 Moose Factory Wastewater System Piped Level I 2570 469 0
213 - Muskrat Dam Lake 7702 Muskrat Dam Lake Wastewater System Piped Level I 286 88 0
128 - Naicatchewenin 7726 Naicatchewenin Wastewater System Piped Level I 266 83 0
158 - Naotkamegwanning 7693 Whitefish Bay Wastewater System Piped Level I 565 120 0
239 - Neskantaga First Nation 17015 Neskantaga Wastewater System Piped Level I 333 85 0
241 - Nibinamik First Nation 7712 Nibinamik Wastewater System Piped Level I 354 101 0
220 - Nipissing First Nation NEW001 STP Piped Level I 286 106 0
204 - North Caribou Lake 7748 North Caribou Lake Wastewater System Piped, Trucked Level I 834 179 88
238 - North Spirit Lake 7706 North Spirit Lake Wastewater System Piped, Trucked Level I 450 40 38
147 - Ochiichagwebabigoining First Nation 7736 The Dalles Wastewater System Piped Level I 124 45 0
169 - Oneida Nation of the Thames NEW001 ONEIDA COLLIN RUSSELL WASTEWATER SYSTEM Piped Level I 89 21 0
169 - Oneida Nation of the Thames 7733 Oneida Village Wastewater System Piped Level I 161 38 0
146 - Peawanuck 7743 Peawanuck Wastewater System Piped Level II 295 70 0
208 - Pikangikum 7703 Pikangikum Wastewater System Piped, Trucked Level I 104 3 20
236 - Poplar Hill 7707 Poplar Hill Wastewater System Piped, Trucked Level I 502 25 73
130 - Rainy River First Nations 7727 Manitou Rapids Wastewater System Piped Level I 478 80 0
214 - Sachigo Lake 7750 Sachigo Lake Wastewater System Piped, Trucked Level I 534 128 37
211 - Sandy Lake First Nation 7740 Sandy Lake Wastewater System Piped, Trucked Level I 2501 260 140
123 - Saugeen NEW001 SAUGEEN WASTEWATER SYSTEM Piped Small System 51 17 0
132 - Seine River First Nation 7723 Seine River Wastewater System Piped Level II 334 78 0
137 - Shawanaga First Nation   TEN-PLEX SEPTIC SYSTEM Piped NA 25 10 0
121 - Six Nations of the Grand River 7731 Six Nations of the Grand River Wastewater System Piped, Trucked Level I 1660 301 100
145 - Taykwa Tagamou Nation 7719 New Post Wastewater System Piped Level I 100 24 0
222 - Temagami First Nation 7741 Bear Island Wastewater System Piped, Low Pressure Level I 226 68 0
150 - Wabaseemoong Independent Nations 7695 Wabaseemoong Wastewater System Piped Level II 864 195 0
170 - Walpole Island NEW001 ARENA WASTEWATER SYSTEM Piped Small System 0 2 0
170 - Walpole Island 7698 Walpole Island Residential Wastewater System Low Pressure Small System 86 25 0
206 - Wapekeka 7728 Wapekeka Wastewater System Piped, Trucked Level I 439 95 12
240 - Webequie First Nation 7713 Webequie Wastewater System Piped, Trucked Level I 712 200 8
175 - Wikwemikong 7747 Wikwemikong Wastewater System Piped Level I 1951 585 0

Table D.2 - 2: Regional Summary of Wastewater Collection Systems, Effluent Quality and Operators (continued)
First Nation Information Collection System Information Effluent Quality
Band Number - Band Name No. of Trucks in Service Pipe Length Pipe Length / Connection Low Pressure Sewer No. of Pumping Stations Meets Federal Guidelines (1976) Cause of Failure
172 - Aamjiwnaang 0 8000 36 Yes 3 MTA MTA
153 - Anishinabe of Wauzhushk Onigum 1 1471.5 25 No 2 Meets Requirements Unknown
125 - Anishnaabeg of Naongashiing 0 1760 58 No 1 High Freq OR High Mag Operation
242 - Aroland 0 3262 29 No 0 Meets Requirements Unknown
143 - Attawapiskat 0 7526 26 No 2 Meets Requirements Unknown
198 - Batchewana First Nation 0 2625 14 No MTA MTA
207 - Bearskin Lake 2 800.4 20 No 1 Meets Requirements Unknown
197 - Biinjitiwaabik Zaaging Anishinaabek 1537 19 No 1 Low Freq, Low Mag Operation
216 - Cat Lake 0 5715.3 52 No 2 Unknown Unknown
138 - Chippewas of Georgina Island 2 No Unknown Unknown
171 - Chippewas of Kettle and Stony Point 0 3753.1 44 No 1 Meets Requirements Unknown
166 - Chippewas of the Thames First Nation 0 No 1 Unknown Unknown
166 - Chippewas of the Thames First Nation 0 2146.5 102 No 2 High Freq, Low Mag Unknown
182 - Constance Lake 0 6666 27 No 4 Unknown Unknown
126 - Couchiching First Nation 0 5386 23 No 3 MTA MTA
237 - Deer Lake 2 1427 26 No 4 High Freq OR High Mag Unknown
218 - Dokis 1 No Unknown Unknown
183 - Eabametoong First Nation 0 6139 22 No 4 Meets Requirements Unknown
142 - Fort Albany 0 5065.7 29 No 3 Unknown Unknown
215 - Fort Severn 2 No Unknown Unknown
187 - Fort William 0 3102.4 39 No 2 High Freq OR High Mag Operation
185 - Ginoogaming First Nation 0 3100 46 No 2 MTA MTA
149 - Grassy Narrows First Nation 0 6189 33 No 5 Low Freq, Low Mag Operation
188 - Gull Bay (Kiashke Zaaging Anishinaabek) 0 2661.2 35 No 1 Unknown Unknown
154 - No. 39 Independent First Nation 0 2444 31 No 2 Meets Requirements Unknown
210 - Kasabonika Lake 1 4835 29 No 4 High Freq OR High Mag Design & Operation
243 - Kashechewan 0 7807.2 31 No 3 Unknown Unknown
325 - Kee-Way-Win First Nation 0 Yes 1 Unknown Unknown
212 - Kingfisher 1 1907 24 No 1 Unknown Unknown
209 - Kitchenuh- maykoosib Inninuwug 3 3196.1 36 No 5 Unknown Unknown
127 - Lac La Croix 0 2298.5 28 Yes 1 Unknown Unknown
184 - Long Lake No.58 First Nation 0 5834 50 No 2 MTA MTA
174 - Magnetawan 0 1060 33 Yes 1 Low Freq, Low Mag Unknown
186 - Martin Falls 0 2320 25 No 2 Unknown Unknown
181 - M'Chigeeng First Nation 0 1815 17 Yes 1 Unknown Unknown
181 - M'Chigeeng First Nation 0 5118.4 38 Yes 1 Unknown Unknown
203 - Mishkeegogamang 0 No 1 Meets Requirements Unknown
140 - Mississaugas of Scugog Island First Nation 0 No 0 Unknown Unknown
120 - Mississaugas of the Credit 0 4088 57 No 3 Meets Requirements Unknown
159 - Mohawks of Akwesasne 0 985 15 No 1 High Freq AND High Mag Operation
159 - Mohawks of Akwesasne 0 No 0 Unknown Unknown
159 - Mohawks of Akwesasne 0 No 1 Meets Requirements Unknown
159 - Mohawks of Akwesasne 0 Yes 1 Unknown Unknown
159 - Mohawks of Akwesasne 0 508 13 Yes 2 High Freq AND High Mag Operation
159 - Mohawks of Akwesasne 0 472 94 Yes 1 High Freq AND High Mag Operation
159 - Mohawks of Akwesasne 0 5328 15 No 4 Meets Requirements Unknown
164 - Mohawks of the Bay of Quinte 0 7662 29 No 9 MTA MTA
144 - Moose Cree First Nation 0 12275 26 No 4 High Freq, Low Mag Operation
213 - Muskrat Dam Lake 0 6139 69 No 5 Unknown Unknown
128 - Naicatchewenin 0 2130 25 No 2 Meets Requirements Unknown
158 - Naotkamegwanning 0 3877 32 No 2 Low Freq, Low Mag Design & Operation
239 - Neskantaga First Nation 0 2950 34 No 2 Meets Requirements Unknown
241 - Nibinamik First Nation 0 3250 32 No 2 Unknown Unknown
220 - Nipissing First Nation 0 5313 50 No 1 Meets Requirements Unknown
204 - North Caribou Lake 2 4773.8 26 No 4 High Freq AND High Mag Design & Operation
238 - North Spirit Lake 1 1152 28 No 3 High Freq AND High Mag Operation
147 - Ochiichagwe- babigoining First Nation 0 1685 37 No 2 Unknown Unknown
169 - Oneida Nation of the Thames 0 758.03 36 No 3 Unknown Unknown
169 - Oneida Nation of the Thames 0 1819.1 47 No 1 Unknown Unknown
146 - Peawanuck 0 2635 37 No 1 Unknown Unknown
208 - Pikangikum 1 744 248 No 2 Meets Requirements Unknown
236 - Poplar Hill 1 1225 49 No 0 High Freq AND High Mag Operation
130 - Rainy River First Nations 0 2633 32 No 3 High Freq OR High Mag Unknown
214 - Sachigo Lake 1 6543 51 No 2 Unknown Unknown
211 - Sandy Lake First Nation 3 10673 41 No 5 Unknown Unknown
123 - Saugeen 0 No 0 Unknown Unknown
132 - Seine River First Nation 0 3456.9 44 No 1 Unknown Unknown
137 - Shawanaga First Nation 0 No 0 Unknown Unknown
121 - Six Nations of the Grand River 3 4891.3 16 No 6 Unknown Unknown
145 - Taykwa Tagamou Nation 0 1229 51 No 0 Unknown Unknown
222 - Temagami First Nation 0 2973 43 Yes 1 Meets Requirements Unknown
150 - Wabaseemoong Independent Nations 0 5356.4 27 No 7 Low Freq, Low Mag Operation
170 - Walpole Island 0 No 0 Meets Requirements Unknown
170 - Walpole Island 0 Yes 0 Unknown Unknown
206 - Wapekeka 1 2603 27 No 2 Unknown Unknown
240 - Webequie First Nation 1 3144 15 No 2 High Freq AND High Mag Operation
175 - Wikwemikong 0 14801 25 No 2 High Freq AND High Mag Design & Operation

Table D.2 - 2: Regional Summary of Wastewater Collection Systems, Effluent Quality and Operators (continued)
First Nation Information Operator Information
Band Number - Band Name Primary Operator Exists Primary Operator Treatment Class Primary Operator Collection Class Secondary Operator Exists Secondary Operator Treatment Class Secondary Operator Collection Class
172 - Aamjiwnaang NR Not Required Not Required No Not Required Not Required
153 - Anishinabe of Wauzhushk Onigum Yes No Certification No Certification Yes No Certification No Certification
125 - Anishnaabeg of Naongashiing Yes No Certification No Certification No No Operator No Operator
242 - Aroland Yes No Certification No Certification No No Operator No Operator
143 - Attawapiskat Yes No Certification No Certification No No Operator No Operator
198 - Batchewana First Nation NR Not Required Not Required No Not Required Not Required
207 - Bearskin Lake Yes No Certification No Certification Yes No Certification No Certification
197 - Biinjitiwaabik Zaaging Anishinaabek Yes No Certification No Certification Yes No Certification No Certification
216 - Cat Lake No No Operator No Operator No No Operator No Operator
138 - Chippewas of Georgina Island Yes No Certification No Certification No No Operator No Operator
171 - Chippewas of Kettle and Stony Point Yes No Certification Level I Yes No Certification No Certification
166 - Chippewas of the Thames First Nation Yes Level Level II Level I Yes No Certification No Certification
166 - Chippewas of the Thames First Nation Yes Level Level II Level I Yes No Certification No Certification
182 - Constance Lake Yes Level I Level I Yes Level I Level I
126 - Couchiching First Nation Yes Not Required Not Required Yes Not Required Not Required
237 - Deer Lake Yes No Certification No Certification Yes No Certification No Certification
218 - Dokis Yes No Certification No Operator Yes No Certification No Operator
183 - Eabametoong First Nation Yes Level I Level I Yes No Certification No Certification
142 - Fort Albany No No Operator No Operator No No Operator No Operator
215 - Fort Severn Yes No Certification No Certification Yes No Certification No Certification
187 - Fort William No No Operator No Operator No No Operator No Operator
185 - Ginoogaming First Nation Yes Not Required Not Required Yes Not Required Not Required
149 - Grassy Narrows First Nation Yes No Certification No Certification Yes No Certification No Certification
188 - Gull Bay (Kiashke Zaaging Anishinaabek) Yes No Certification No Certification No No Operator No Operator
154 - Iskatewizaagegan No. 39 Independent First Nation Yes Level I Level I Yes No Certification No Certification
210 - Kasabonika Lake Yes No Certification No Certification Yes No Certification No Certification
243 - Kashechewan Yes No Certification No Certification No No Operator No Operator
325 - Kee-Way-Win First Nation No No Operator No Operator No No Operator No Operator
212 - Kingfisher Yes No Certification No Certification Yes No Certification No Certification
209 - Kitchenuhmaykoosib Inninuwug Yes No Certification No Certification Yes No Certification No Certification
127 - Lac La Croix Yes No Certification No Certification No No Operator No Operator
184 - Long Lake No.58 First Nation Yes Not Required Not Required No Not Required Not Required
174 - Magnetawan Yes Level I Level I No No Operator No Operator
186 - Martin Falls Yes No Certification No Certification No No Operator No Operator
181 - M'Chigeeng First Nation Yes Level Level II Level Level II Yes Level Level II Level Level II
181 - M'Chigeeng First Nation Yes Level Level II Level Level II Yes Level Level II Level Level II
203 - Mishkeegogamang No No Certification No Certification No No Operator No Operator
140 - Mississaugas of Scugog Island First Nation Yes No Certification No Certification Yes No Certification No Certification
120 - Mississaugas of the Credit Yes Level I Level I Yes Level I Level I
159 - Mohawks of Akwesasne Yes Level I Level I Yes No Certification No Certification
159 - Mohawks of Akwesasne Yes Level I Level I Yes No Certification No Certification
159 - Mohawks of Akwesasne Yes Level I Level I Yes No Certification No Certification
159 - Mohawks of Akwesasne Yes Level I Level I Yes No Certification No Certification
159 - Mohawks of Akwesasne Yes Level Level II Level Level II Yes No Certification No Certification
159 - Mohawks of Akwesasne Yes Level I Level I Yes No Certification No Certification
159 - Mohawks of Akwesasne Yes Level I Level I Yes No Certification No Certification
164 - Mohawks of the Bay of Quinte Yes Not Required Not Required Yes Not Required Not Required
144 - Moose Cree First Nation No No Operator No Operator No No Operator No Operator
213 - Muskrat Dam Lake No No Certification No Certification No No Certification No Certification
128 - Naicatchewenin Yes No Certification No Certification Yes No Certification No Certification
158 - Naotkamegwanning Yes No Certification No Certification Yes No Certification No Certification
239 - Neskantaga First Nation Yes No Certification No Certification No No Operator No Operator
241 - Nibinamik First Nation Yes No Certification No Certification Yes No Certification No Certification
220 - Nipissing First Nation Yes Level I Level I Yes No Certification No Certification
204 - North Caribou Lake Yes Level I No Certification Yes No Certification No Certification
238 - North Spirit Lake Yes No Certification No Certification Yes No Certification No Certification
147 - Ochiichagwe- babigoining First Nation Yes No Certification No Certification Yes No Certification No Certification
169 - Oneida Nation of the Thames Yes Level I Level Level II Yes Level I Level Level II
169 - Oneida Nation of the Thames Yes Level I Level Level II Yes Level I Level Level II
146 - Peawanuck Yes No Certification No Certification Yes No Certification No Certification
208 - Pikangikum Yes No Certification No Certification Yes No Certification No Certification
236 - Poplar Hill Yes No Certification No Certification Yes No Certification No Certification
130 - Rainy River First Nations Yes Level I Level Level II Yes No Certification No Certification
214 - Sachigo Lake Yes No Certification No Certification Yes No Certification No Certification
211 - Sandy Lake First Nation Yes No Certification No Certification Yes No Certification No Certification
123 - Saugeen Yes No Certification No Certification Yes No Certification No Certification
132 - Seine River First Nation Yes Level I Level I Yes No Certification No Certification
137 - Shawanaga First Nation No No Operator No Operator No No Operator No Operator
121 - Six Nations of the Grand River Yes Level I Level I Yes No Certification No Certification
145 - Taykwa Tagamou Nation Yes No Certification No Certification Yes No Certification No Certification
222 - Temagami First Nation Yes No Certification No Certification Yes No Certification No Certification
150 - Wabaseemoong Independent Nations Yes No Certification No Certification No No Operator No Operator
170 - Walpole Island No No Operator No Operator No No Operator No Operator
170 - Walpole Island No No Operator No Operator No No Operator No Operator
206 - Wapekeka Yes No Certification No Certification Yes No Certification No Certification
240 - Webequie First Nation Yes No Certification No Certification Yes No Certification No Certification
175 - Wikwemikong Yes Level Level II Level I Yes Level I Level I

Appendix E - Risk Summary

Appendix E.1  Individual First Nation Water Risk Summary

Legend
  Risk Level
High Risk 8.0 - 10.0
Medium Risk 5.0 - 7.0
Low Risk 1.0 - 4.0

Table E.1: Individual First Nation Water Risk Summary
Band Number Band Name System Number System Name Water Source Treatment Class Source Risk Design Risk Operations Risk Report Risk Operator Risk Final Risk Score
242 Aroland 7130 Aroland Water Treatment System Groundwater Level I 4.0 1.0 8.0 6.0 7.0 5.1
141 Beausoleil 7159 Cedar Point Water Treatment System Groundwater Level I 6.0 1.0 8.0 10.0 1.0 8.0
229 Chapleau Ojibway 7229 Chapleau Ojibwe Water Treatment System Ground- water Level I 6.0 2.0 3.0 5.0 1.0 2.8
218 Dokis 7222 Dokis Water Treatment System Ground- water Level I 9.0 6.0 8.0 8.0 1.0 8.0
199 Garden River First Nation NEW001 ECHO RIVER WATER TREATMENT SYSTEM Ground- water Level I 7.0 5.0 7.0 8.0 1.0 5.3
199 Garden River First Nation 7147 Garden River Water Treatment System Ground- water Level I 7.0 8.0 6.0 6.0 1.0 5.7
231 Henvey Inlet First Nation 7224 Henvey Inlet Pumphouse #2 Water Treatment System Ground- water Level I 6.0 2.0 8.0 7.0 4.0 8.0
162 Hiawatha First Nation NEW002 HIAWATHA APARTMENT COMPLEX Ground- water Small System 6.0 8.0 5.0 4.0 1.0 5.1
205 Lac Seul 15905 Kejick Bay Water Treatment System Ground- water Level I 7.0 8.0 9.0 10.0 9.0 8.6
205 Lac Seul 15906 Whitefish Bay Water Treatment System Ground- water None 7.0 8.0 8.0 10.0 8.0 8.1
219 Matachewan 7226 Matachewan Water Treatment System Ground- water Level I 4.0 2.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.6
226 Mattagami 7227 Mattagami Water Treatment System Ground- water Level I 3.0 3.0 8.0 10.0 6.0 5.8
203 Mishkee- gogamang 7189 Mishkee- gogamang (Ten House) Well Water Treatment System Ground- water Level II 6.0 8.0 8.0 4.0 6.0 8.0
203 Mishkee- gogamang NEW002 WELL AT ACE LAKE Ground- water Level I 8.0 8.0 8.0 10.0 6.0 8.0
200 Mississ- auga 7146 Mississauga Water Treatment System Ground- water Level II 7.0 4.0 6.0 10.0 4.0 5.5
140 Mississ- augas of Scugog Island First Nation 15899 Mississauga's of Scugog Island Pumphouse #1 Ground- water Small System 4.0 8.0 2.0 1.0 1.0 3.7
140 Mississ- augas of Scugog Island First Nation 15900 Mississauga's of Scugog Island Pumphouse #2 Ground- water Small System 4.0 1.0 8.0 1.0 1.0 3.4
140 Mississ- augas of Scugog Island First Nation NEW001 MISSISS- AUGAS OF SCUGOG ISLAND PUMPHOUSE #3 Ground- water Small System 4.0 2.0 8.0 1.0 1.0 3.7
220 Nipissing First Nation 7191 Nipissing - Arts Lane Water System Ground- water Level I 7.0 3.0 5.0 9.0 1.0 4.2
220 Nipissing First Nation 7195 Nipissing - Dushessnay Well 1 Ground- water Level I 7.0 8.0 7.0 9.0 1.0 6.3
220 Nipissing First Nation 7196 Nipissing - Dushessnay Well 2, 3 and 4 Ground- water Level I 6.0 4.0 8.0 10.0 1.0 5.4
220 Nipissing First Nation 7214 Nipissing - Harry Couchie Water Treatment System Ground- water Level I 9.0 8.0 6.0 9.0 1.0 6.2
220 Nipissing First Nation 7213 Nipissing - Meadow Site Water Treatment System Ground- water Level I 7.0 8.0 8.0 9.0 1.0 8.0
220 Nipissing First Nation 7192 Nipissing - VLA Water System Ground- water Level I 9.0 8.0 8.0 9.0 1.0 6.8
151 Northwest Angle No.33 7126 Angle Inlet Water Treatment System Ground- water Level II 6.0 7.0 8.0 1.0 1.0 8.0
235 Obashka- andagaang 6532 Obashkaan- dagaang Water Treatment System Ground- water Small System 6.0 8.0 8.0 10.0 1.0 8.0
235 Obashka- andagaang   SOUTH END PUMPHOUSE Ground- water Small System 6.0 8.0 10.0 10.0 1.0 8.0
192 Ojibways of the Pic River First Nation 7185 Pic River Water Treatment System Ground- water Level II 5.0 5.0 8.0 10.0 1.0 8.0
179 Sagamok Anishn- awbek 7152 Sagamok Water Treatment System Ground- water Level I 5.0 2.0 4.0 9.0 1.0 3.4
201 Serpent River First Nation 7148 Serpent River Pumphouse #1 Ground- water Level I 8.0 4.0 8.0 10.0 3.0 6.0
201 Serpent River First Nation 7149 Serpent River Pumphouse #2 Ground- water Level II 7.0 4.0 10.0 10.0 3.0 6.5
201 Serpent River First Nation 7150 Serpent River Pumphouse #3 Ground- water Level I 6.0 4.0 10.0 10.0 3.0 8.0
137 Shawanaga First Nation 7198 Shawanaga Water Treatment System Ground- water Level II 10.0 5.0 8.0 10.0 3.0 6.5
145 Taykwa Tagamou Nation 7143 New Post Water Treatment System Ground- water Level I 3.0 8.0 8.0 9.0 5.0 8.0
202 Thessalon 7153 Thessalon Water Treatment System Ground- water Level I 9.0 8.0 8.0 6.0 5.0 8.0
233 Wahgoshig 7230 Wahgoshig Water Treatment System Ground- water Level I 2.0 1.0 8.0 9.0 1.0 4.0
136 Wasauksing First Nation   COMMUNITY WELL (SODA'S) Ground- water None 6.0 8.0 8.0 10.0 1.0 8.0
136 Wasauksing First Nation   SIXPLEX WELL Ground- water Small System 5.0 4.0 8.0 10.0 1.0 8.0
234 Wawak- apewin 7168 Wawakapewin Water Treatment System Ground- water Small System 7.0 7.0 6.0 10.0 8.0 7.2
125 Anishn- aabeg of Naong- ashiing 6482 Saug-A-Gaw-Sing Water Treatment System Ground- water GUDI Level II 8.0 4.0 10.0 8.0 7.0 7.2
221 Chapleau Cree First Nation 7139 Chapleau Cree Water Treatment System Ground- water GUDI Level II 10.0 8.0 8.0 5.0 1.0 6.5
166 Chippewas of the Thames First Nation 7174 Chippewas of the Thames Water Treatment System Ground- water GUDI Level I 9.0 9.0 3.0 5.0 1.0 5.2
161 Curve Lake 7201 Curve Lake Water Treatment System Ground- water GUDI Level I 10.0 8.0 5.0 10.0 1.0 6.1
159 Mohawks of Akwesasne 6485 Akwesasne Wade Lafrance Rd. Pumphouse house Ground- water GUDI Level I 10.0 8.0 8.0 10.0 1.0 7.0
167 Moravian of the Thames 7175 Moravian of the Thames Water Treatment System Ground- water GUDI Level I 10.0 8.0 8.0 7.0 1.0 8.0
220 Nipissing First Nation 8076 Nipissing - Beaucage Village Water Treatment System Ground- water GUDI Level I 10.0 8.0 8.0 10.0 1.0 8.0
220 Nipissing First Nation 7212 Nipissing - Business/ School Water Treatment System Ground- water GUDI None 9.0 8.0 8.0 9.0 10.0 8.6
220 Nipissing First Nation 7194 Nipissing - Garden Village Water System Ground- water GUDI Level II 10.0 8.0 1.0 4.0 2.0 4.5
146 Peawanuck 7193 Peawanuck Water Treatment System Ground- water GUDI Level I 8.0 5.0 9.0 10.0 4.0 8.0
195 Pic Mobert 15903 Pic Mobert North New Pumphouse Water System Ground- water GUDI Level I 10.0 8.0 10.0 10.0 2.0 8.0
130 Rainy River First Nations 7165 Manitou Rapids Water Treatment System Ground- water GUDI Level III 9.0 8.0 8.0 1.0 1.0 6.0
201 Serpent River First Nation 7151 Serpent River Pumphouse #5 Ground- water GUDI Level II 10.0 4.0 9.0 10.0 3.0 8.0
172 Aamjiw- naang 7178 Aamjiwnaang Water System MTA MTA 2.0 2.0 1.0 10.0 1.0 2.3
198 Batchewana First Nation 7154 Ojibways of Batchewana Water System (MTA) MTA MTA 2.0 1.0 3.0 1.0 1.0 1.7
126 Couchiching First Nation 7161 Town of Fort Frances MTA MTA 1.0 2.0 2.0 7.0 1.0 2.2
187 Fort William 7182 Thunder Bay Water Treatment System MTA MTA 3.0 1.0 6.0 8.0 1.0 3.4
185 Ginoog- aming First Nation 7134 Town of Long Lac Water Treatment System MTA MTA 1.0 1.0 8.0 10.0 6.0 5.0
184 Long Lake No.58 First Nation 7133 Town of Long Lac Water Treatment System MTA MTA 2.0 1.0 8.0 10.0 10.0 5.9
120 Mississ- augas of the Credit 7211 New Credit Water Distribution System MTA MTA 1.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 1.0 8.0
164 Mohawks of the Bay of Quinte NEW001 TOWN OF DESERONTO WATER SYSTEM MTA MTA 1.0 3.0 6.0 1.0 1.0 3.1
168 Munsee-Delaware Nation NEW001 WATER DISTRI- BUTION MTA MTA 1.0 8.0 10.0 1.0 1.0 8.0
123 Saugeen 7210 Town of Saugeen Shores Water Treatment System MTA MTA 5.0 1.0 2.0 1.0 1.0 1.7
224 Whitefish Lake 7145 Whitefish Lake Water System MTA MTA 1.0 8.0 4.0 4.0 1.0 4.3
190 Whitesand 17016 Whitesand Water System MTA MTA 3.0 2.0 5.0 10.0 2.0 3.8
153 Anishinabe of Wauzhushk Onigum 15902 Bald Indian Bay Water Treatment Plant Surface Water Level I 7.0 8.0 6.0 10.0 1.0 8.0
153 Anishinabe of Wauzhushk Onigum 6484 Wauzhushk Onigum Water Treatment Unit - 2nd Portage Surface Water Level I 9.0 8.0 4.0 10.0 1.0 5.7
143 Attawa- piskat 7141 Attawapiskat Water Treatment System Surface Water Level III 9.0 8.0 10.0 10.0 2.0 7.7
180 Aundeck-Omni-Kaning 7219 Sucker Creek Water Treatment System Surface Water Level II 8.0 2.0 8.0 1.0 1.0 4.1
207 Bearskin Lake 7234 Bearskin Lake Water Treatment System Surface Water Level II 8.0 5.0 8.0 8.0 2.0 5.9
141 Beausoleil 7158 Christian Island Water Treatment System Surface Water Level II 7.0 2.0 8.0 5.0 1.0 8.0
124 Big Grassy 6466 Big Grassy Water Treatment System Surface Water Level II 8.0 2.0 8.0 8.0 1.0 4.8
197 Biinjiti- waabik Zaaging Anishin- aabek 7188 Rocky Bay Water Treatment System Surface Water Level II 8.0 1.0 8.0 1.0 1.0 3.8
228 Brunswick House 7228 Brunswick House Water Treatment System Surface Water Level I 8.0 1.0 8.0 10.0 9.0 6.3
216 Cat Lake 7236 Cat Lake Water Treatment System Surface Water Level III 8.0 4.0 8.0 6.0 10.0 7.0
138 Chippewas of Georgina Island 7157 Georgina Island Water Treatment System Surface Water Level II 9.0 6.0 2.0 5.0 9.0 5.6
171 Chippewas of Kettle and Stony Point 7177 Kettle and Stony Point Water Treatment System Surface Water Level II 10.0 5.0 8.0 2.0 1.0 5.3
122 Chippewas of Nawash 7203 Neyaashii- nigmiing Water Treatment System Surface Water Level II 8.0 3.0 8.0 8.0 2.0 8.0
182 Constance Lake 7131 Constance Lake Water Treatment System Surface Water Level II 10.0 8.0 8.0 1.0 1.0 8.0
237 Deer Lake 6545 Deer Lake Water Treatment System Surface Water Level II 10.0 5.0 8.0 3.0 4.0 6.0
183 Eabam- etoong First Nation 7132 Eabame- toong Water Treatment System Surface Water Level II 8.0 8.0 8.0 2.0 2.0 6.2
148 Eagle Lake 6529 Eagle Lake Water Treatment System Surface Water Level II 10.0 3.0 8.0 9.0 1.0 8.0
142 Fort Albany 7140 Fort Albany Water Treatment System Surface Water Level II 8.0 3.0 8.0 7.0 1.0 8.0
215 Fort Severn 6544 Fort Severn Water Treatment System Surface Water Level II 8.0 8.0 9.0 5.0 4.0 7.2
149 Grassy Narrows First Nation 6530 Grassy Narrows Water Treatment System Surface Water Level II 9.0 8.0 2.0 8.0 1.0 8.0
188 Gull Bay (Kiashke Zaaging Anishin- aabek) 7183 Gull Bay Water Treatment System Surface Water Level I 9.0 8.0 9.0 9.0 6.0 8.1
154 Iskatewi- zaagegan No. 39 Indep- endent First Nat 6533 Shoal Lake 39 Water Treatment System Surface Water Level II 7.0 3.0 3.0 1.0 1.0 2.8
210 Kasabonika Lake 7170 Kasabonika Lake Water Treatment System Surface Water Level II 8.0 4.0 8.0 4.0 1.0 5.0
243 Kashe- chewan 7144 Kashechewan Water Treatment System Surface Water Level III 10.0 4.0 8.0 6.0 1.0 5.4
325 Kee-Way-Win First Nation 17010 Keewaywin's New Water Treatment System Surface Water Level II 7.0 3.0 8.0 2.0 3.0 4.8
212 Kingfisher 7171 Kingfisher Lake Water Treatment System Surface Water Level II 8.0 2.0 4.0 2.0 6.0 4.0
209 Kitchenuh- maykoosib Inninuwug 6541 Kitchenuh- maykoosib Water Treatment System Surface Water Level II 8.0 2.0 8.0 6.0 6.0 5.6
127 Lac La Croix 7162 Lac La Croix Water Treatment System Surface Water Level I 8.0 6.0 9.0 10.0 1.0 6.5
205 Lac Seul 6539 Frenchman's Head Water Treatment System Surface Water Level II 9.0 8.0 8.0 4.0 1.0 6.3
174 Magnetawan 7225 Magnetawan Water Treatment System Surface Water Level II 10.0 3.0 8.0 10.0 4.0 8.0
186 Martin Falls 7135 Marten Falls Water Treatment System Surface Water Level II 9.0 8.0 8.0 4.0 9.0 8.0
181 M'Chigeeng First Nation 14199 West Bay & Lakeview Water Treatment System Surface Water Level II 8.0 3.0 8.0 10.0 1.0 5.3
225 Michipicoten 7180 Michipicoten Water Treatment System Surface Water Level II 8.0 3.0 8.0 8.0 1.0 5.1
203 Mishkee- gogamang 7190 Mishkee- gogamang (New Osnaburgh) Water Treatment System Surface Water Level II 8.0 8.0 4.0 2.0 6.0 5.8
159 Mohawks of Akwesasne 15919 Aksesasne Corwall Island West Water Treatment System Surface Water Level III 9.0 1.0 1.0 4.0 1.0 2.1
159 Mohawks of Akwesasne 6486 Akwesasne St. Regis Water Treatment System Surface Water Level III 9.0 1.0 8.0 3.0 2.0 4.3
164 Mohawks of the Bay of Quinte 6528 Airport Pumphouse and Treatment Facility Surface Water Level I 9.0 8.0 8.0 10.0 5.0 8.0
144 Moose Cree First Nation 7142 Moose Factory Water Treatment System Surface Water Level II 10.0 3.0 8.0 9.0 1.0 8.0
135 Moose Deer Point 7160 King Bay & Issac Bay Pumphouse Systems Surface Water Level II 6.0 8.0 1.0 3.0 1.0 3.8
213 Muskrat Dam Lake 6542 Muskrat Dam Lake Water Treatment System Surface Water Level II 8.0 10.0 10.0 8.0 2.0 8.0
128 Naicatch- ewenin 7163 Naicatch- ewenin Water Treatment System Surface Water Level I 9.0 8.0 6.0 4.0 1.0 5.7
158 Naotkame- gwanning 6537 Whitefish Bay Water Treatment System Surface Water Level II 9.0 6.0 10.0 10.0 1.0 8.0
239 Neskantaga First Nation 7137 Neskantaga Water Treatment System Surface Water Level I 9.0 8.0 8.0 6.0 8.0 7.9
241 Nibinamik First Nation 7138 Nibinamik Water Treatment System Surface Water Level I 9.0 9.0 6.0 9.0 6.0 7.5
129 Nicickou- semene- caning 7164 Nicickou- semene- caning Water Treatment System Surface Water Level II 9.0 8.0 3.0 3.0 1.0 4.7
204 North Caribou Lake 7233 North Caribou Lake Water Treatment System Surface Water Level III 9.0 4.0 8.0 10.0 4.0 6.3
238 North Spirit Lake 7128 North Spirit Lake Water Treatment System Surface Water Level I 8.0 6.0 8.0 8.0 2.0 6.2
151 Northwest Angle No.33 7127 NWA 33 Dog Paw Lake Water Treatment System Surface Water Level III 10.0 2.0 3.0 8.0 3.0 3.9
152 Northwest Angle No.37 6483 NWA 37 Regina Bay Water Treatment System Surface Water Level II 9.0 4.0 3.0 5.0 8.0 5.1
152 Northwest Angle No.37 15901 Windigo Island Water Treatment System Surface Water Level II 9.0 8.0 8.0 10.0 6.0 7.9
147 Ochiicha- gwebab- igoining First Nation 7181 The Dalles Water Treatment System Surface Water Level II 8.0 1.0 3.0 1.0 1.0 2.3
131 Ojibways of Onigaming First Nation 7107 Onigaming Water Treatment System Surface Water Level II 7.0 1.0 1.0 7.0 1.0 2.2
169 Oneida Nation of the Thames 7176 Oneida Water Treatment System Surface Water Level I 10.0 9.0 9.0 10.0 1.0 8.0
191 Pays Plat First Nation 7184 Pays Plat Water Treatment System Surface Water Level I 8.0 3.0 8.0 10.0 4.0 5.9
195 Pic Mobert 7187 Pic Mobert South Water Treatment System Surface Water Level I 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 2.0 8.4
208 Pikangikum 6540 Pikangikum Water Treatment System Surface Water Level II 9.0 5.0 9.0 7.0 1.0 8.0
236 Poplar Hill 7129 Poplar Hill Water Treatment System Surface Water Level II 10.0 8.0 5.0 10.0 6.0 7.1
193 Red Rock 7186 Red Rock Water Treatment System Surface Water Level II 8.0 1.0 8.0 4.0 1.0 4.1
214 Sachigo Lake 7235 Sachigo Lake Water Treatment System Surface Water Level II 9.0 6.0 8.0 6.0 4.0 6.5
211 Sandy Lake First Nation 7179 Sandy Lake Water Treatment System Surface Water Level II 9.0 8.0 10.0 10.0 1.0 8.0
132 Seine River First Nation 7166 Seine River Water Treatment System Surface Water Level II 8.0 6.0 8.0 7.0 1.0 5.9
176 Shegui- andah 7217 Sheguiandah Water Treatment System Surface Water Level II 9.0 4.0 3.0 5.0 4.0 4.3
178 Sheshe- gwaning 7218 Sheshe- gwaning Water Treatment System Surface Water Level II 8.0 5.0 8.0 7.0 4.0 8.0
155 Shoal Lake No. 40   SHOAL LAKE 40 PUMPHOUSE 2 Surface Water Small System 9.0 8.0 7.0 10.0 5.0 8.0
155 Shoal Lake No. 40   SHOAL LAKE 40 PUMPHOUSE 3 Surface Water Small System 9.0 8.0 8.0 10.0 5.0 8.0
155 Shoal Lake No. 40   SHOAL LAKE 40 PUMPHOUSE 4 Surface Water Small System 9.0 8.0 8.0 10.0 5.0 7.7
155 Shoal Lake No. 40   SHOAL LAKE 40 PUMPHOUSE 5 Surface Water Small System 9.0 8.0 7.0 10.0 5.0 8.0
155 Shoal Lake No. 40   SHOAL LAKE 40 PUMPHOUSE 9 Surface Water Small System 9.0 8.0 7.0 10.0 5.0 8.0
155 Shoal Lake No. 40 6534 Shoal Lake 40 Water Treatment System Surface Water Small System 9.0 8.0 8.0 10.0 5.0 8.0
121 Six Nations of the Grand River 7173 Six Nations Water Treatment System Surface Water Level III 9.0 8.0 8.0 1.0 1.0 8.0
259 Slate Falls Nation   BAND OFFICE PUMPHOUSE Surface Water Small System 8.0 8.0 8.0 10.0 7.0 8.0
259 Slate Falls Nation   PUMPHOUSE NO. 1 Surface Water Small System 8.0 8.0 8.0 10.0 7.0 8.0
259 Slate Falls Nation   PUMPHOUSE NO. 2 Surface Water Small System 8.0 8.0 8.0 10.0 7.0 8.0
259 Slate Falls Nation   PUMPHOUSE NO. 3 Surface Water Small System 8.0 8.0 8.0 10.0 7.0 8.0
259 Slate Falls Nation   PUMPHOUSE NO. 4 Surface Water Small System 8.0 8.0 8.0 10.0 7.0 8.0
259 Slate Falls Nation    PUMPHOUSE NO. 5 Surface Water Small System 8.0 8.0 8.0 10.0 7.0 8.0
259 Slate Falls Nation   PUMPHOUSE NO. 6 Surface Water Small System 8.0 8.0 8.0 10.0 7.0 8.0
259 Slate Falls Nation   PUMPHOUSE NO. 7 Surface Water Small System 8.0 8.0 8.0 10.0 7.0 8.0
259 Slate Falls Nation   PUMPHOUSE NO. 8 Surface Water Small System 8.0 8.0 8.0 10.0 7.0 8.0
259 Slate Falls Nation   PUMPHOUSE NO. 9 Surface Water Small System 8.0 8.0 8.0 10.0 7.0 8.0
259 Slate Falls Nation 7232 Slate Falls Water Treatment System Surface Water Level III 8.0 4.0 10.0 10.0 6.0 7.2
133 Stanji- koming First Nation 7167 Stanjikoming Water Treatment System Surface Water Level II 10.0 8.0 5.0 9.0 1.0 6.0
222 Temagami First Nation 7197 Bear Island Water Treatment System Surface Water Level II 8.0 2.0 8.0 6.0 1.0 4.6
150 Wabasee- moong Independent Nations 6531 Wabasee- moong Water Treatment System Surface Water Level III 8.0 2.0 1.0 1.0 3.0 2.4
156 Wabaus- kang First Nation 6535 Wabauskang Water Treatment System Surface Water Level II 8.0 2.0 8.0 10.0 7.0 6.2
157 Wabigoon Lake Ojibway Nation 6536 Wabigoon Lake Water Treatment System Surface Water Level II 9.0 4.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 2.7
170 Walpole Island 6538 Walpole Island Water Treatment System Surface Water Level III 9.0 3.0 8.0 4.0 1.0 8.0
206 Wapekeka 7169 Wapekeka Water Treatment System Surface Water Level II 8.0 4.0 8.0 2.0 4.0 5.4
136 Wasauksing First Nation 7199 Wasauksing (Parry Island) Water Treatment System Surface Water Level I 8.0 6.0 8.0 10.0 1.0 6.2
240 Webequie First Nation 7136 Webequie Water Treatment System Surface Water Level II 8.0 3.0 10.0 1.0 6.0 8.0
230 Whitefish River 7215 Whitefish River Water Treatment System Surface Water Level II 9.0 5.0 2.0 1.0 1.0 3.3
175 Wikwe- mikong 7231 Wikwemikong Water Treatment System Surface Water Level II 10.0 4.0 8.0 4.0 1.0 5.2
217 Wunnumin 7172 Wunnumin Lake Water Treatment System Surface Water Level II 8.0 2.0 6.0 8.0 1.0 4.2
173 Zhiibaa- haasing First Nation 7216 Zhiibaa- haasing Water Treatment System Surface Water Level I 10.0 8.0 6.0 7.0 1.0 6.1

Appendix E.2  Individual First Nation Wastewater Risk Summary

Legend
  Risk Level
High Risk 8.0 - 10.0
Medium Risk 5.0 - 7.0
Low Risk 1.0 - 4.0

Table E.2: Individual First Nation Wastewater Risk Summary
Band Number Band Name System Number System Name Receiver Type Treatment Class Effluent Risk Design Risk Operations Risk Report Risk Operator Risk Final Risk Score
171 Chippewas of Kettle and Stony Point 7734 Kettle and Stony Point Wastewater System Creek Level II 10.0 2.0 5.0 4.0 5.0 5.1
166 Chippewas of the Thames First Nation 7732 Chippewas of the Thames Wastewater System Creek Level III 8.0 8.0 8.0 10.0 1.0 8.0
142 Fort Albany 7716 Fort Albany Wastewater System Creek Level I 9.0 4.0 9.0 10.0 10.0 8.0
243 Kashe- chewan 7720 Kashechewan Wastewater System Creek Level I 7.0 4.0 9.0 10.0 9.0 7.4
120 Mississ- augas of the Credit 7742 New Credit Wastewater System Creek Level I 10.0 2.0 5.0 4.0 1.0 4.3
169 Oneida Nation of the Thames NEW001 ONEIDA COLLIN RUSSELL WASTE- WATER SYSTEM Creek Level II 8.0 8.0 5.0 10.0 1.0 8.0
169 Oneida Nation of the Thames 7733 Oneida Village Wastewater System Creek Level I 9.0 5.0 7.0 10.0 1.0 6.0
121 Six Nations of the Grand River 7731 Six Nations of the Grand River Wastewater System Creek Level I 8.0 4.0 2.0 1.0 1.0 3.4
153 Anish- inabe of Wauz- hushk Onigum 7260 Bald Indian Bay Wastewater System Lake, reservoir Level I 9.0 3.0 5.0 10.0 5.0 5.8
125 Anishn- aabeg of Naonga- shiing 7259 Saug-A-Gaw-Sing Wastewater Treatment System Lake, reservoir Level I 10.0 2.0 10.0 10.0 8.0 7.6
207 Bearskin Lake 7749 Bearskin Lake Wastewater System Lake, reservoir Level I 10.0 5.0 6.0 5.0 6.0 6.4
197 Biinjiti- waabik Zaaging Anishin- aabek 7739 Rocky Bay Wastewater System Lake, reservoir Level II 10.0 5.0 8.0 8.0 6.0 7.2
216 Cat Lake 7751 Cat Lake Wastewater System Lake, reservoir Level I 10.0 6.0 6.0 4.0 10.0 7.4
237 Deer Lake 7705 Deer Lake Wastewater System Lake, reservoir Level II 10.0 5.0 7.0 10.0 5.0 7.0
149 Grassy Narrows First Nation 7694 Grassy Narrows Wastewater System Lake, reservoir Level II 10.0 4.0 8.0 10.0 6.0 7.2
154 Iskatewi- zaagegan No. 39 Indep- endent First Nation 7696 Shoal Lake 39 Wastewater System Lake, reservoir Level II 9.0 2.0 5.0 10.0 3.0 5.1
210 Kasab- onika Lake 7729 Kasabonika Lake Wastewater System Lake, reservoir Level II 9.0 9.0 10.0 10.0 6.0 8.7
325 Kee-Way- Win First Nation 7704 Keewaywin Wastewater System Lake, reservoir Level I 9.0 6.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 8.8
209 Kitchen- uhmay- koosib Inninuwug 7700 Big Trout Lake Wastewater System Lake, reservoir Level I 8.0 6.0 9.0 8.0 5.0 7.1
181 M'Chig- eeng First Nation 7744 Lakeview Communal Sewage System Lake, reservoir Level I 10.0 6.0 8.0 8.0 1.0 6.5
181 M'Chig- eeng First Nation 7745 M'Chigeeng Village Communal Sewage System Lake, reservoir Level I 10.0 6.0 9.0 10.0 1.0 6.9
213 Muskrat Dam Lake 7702 Muskrat Dam Lake Wastewater System Lake, reservoir Level I 8.0 6.0 9.0 4.0 10.0 7.7
128 Naicatch- ewenin 7726 Naicatch- ewenin Wastewater System Lake, reservoir Level I 8.0 2.0 7.0 4.0 4.0 5.0
158 Naotkam- egwanning 7693 Whitefish Bay Wastewater System Lake, reservoir Level I 10.0 8.0 8.0 10.0 5.0 8.0
241 Nibinamik First Nation 7712 Nibinamik Wastewater System Lake, reservoir Level I 8.0 6.0 8.0 10.0 5.0 7.1
204 North Caribou Lake 7748 North Caribou Lake Wastewater System Lake, reservoir Level I 9.0 8.0 10.0 4.0 5.0 7.7
214 Sachigo Lake 7750 Sachigo Lake Wastewater System Lake, reservoir Level I 8.0 5.0 4.0 4.0 5.0 5.2
175 Wikwem- ikong 7747 Wikwe- mikong Wastewater System Lake, reservoir Level II 10.0 8.0 8.0 4.0 1.0 6.6
143 Attawa- piskat 7717 Attawapiskat Wastewater System Large river Level I 8.0 3.0 7.0 10.0 9.0 6.9
159 Mohawks of Akwesasne 7486 Akwesasne Block 97 RBC Large river Level I 8.0 5.0 8.0 4.0 1.0 5.4
159 Mohawks of Akwesasne 15920 Akwesasne Cornwall Island Arena RBC Large river Level I 10.0 3.0 4.0 2.0 1.0 4.1
159 Mohawks of Akwesasne 7297 Cornwall Island Akwesasne Mohawk School RBC Large river Level I 10.0 5.0 10.0 6.0 1.0 6.5
159 Mohawks of Akwesasne 7293 St.Regis Wastewater Treatment Plant Large river Level II 10.0 2.0 4.0 2.0 1.0 3.9
144 Moose Cree First Nation 7718 Moose Factory Wastewater System Large river Level II 8.0 6.0 8.0 10.0 10.0 8.1
146 Peawanuck 7743 Peawanuck Wastewater System Large river Level I 6.0 5.0 9.0 10.0 6.0 6.9
145 Taykwa Tagamou Nation 7719 New Post Wastewater System Large river Level I 4.0 4.0 9.0 10.0 6.0 6.2
172 Aamjiw- naang 7735 Aamjiwnaang Wastewater System MTA MTA 4.0 2.0 5.0 10.0 1.0 3.7
198 Batch- ewana First Nation 7721 Batchewana Sanitary Main MTA MTA 1.0 1.0 3.0 1.0 1.0 1.5
126 Couchi- ching First Nation 7724 Town of Fort Frances MTA MTA 2.0 2.0 7.0 1.0 1.0 2.9
185 Ginoog- aming First Nation 7711 Town of Long Lac MTA MTA 1.0 8.0 7.0 10.0 8.0 8.0
184 Long Lake No.58 First Nation 7710 Town of Long Lac MTA MTA 5.0 8.0 9.0 10.0 10.0 8.2
164 Mohawks of the Bay of Quinte 7649 Town of Deseronto Wastewater System MTA MTA 5.0 3.0 3.0 4.0 1.0 3.1
188 Gull Bay (Kiashke Zaaging Anishin- aabek) 7738 Gull Bay Wastewater System River Level I 7.0 5.0 8.0 10.0 10.0 7.6
127 Lac La Croix 7725 Lac La Croix Wastewater System River Level I 7.0 7.0 8.0 10.0 5.0 7.1
174 Magne- tawan 7746 Magnetawan Wastewater System River Level II 9.0 5.0 7.0 10.0 4.0 6.6
238 North Spirit Lake 7706 North Spirit Lake Wastewater System River Level II 6.0 7.0 10.0 10.0 5.0 7.4
147 Ochiicha-gwebabi-goining First Nation 7736 The Dalles Wastewater System River Level I 7.0 3.0 9.0 10.0 6.0 6.6
236 Poplar Hill 7707 Poplar Hill Wastewater System River Level II 6.0 1.0 8.0 10.0 10.0 6.4
130 Rainy River First Nations 7727 Manitou Rapids Wastewater System River Level I 7.0 8.0 8.0 4.0 1.0 6.0
211 Sandy Lake First Nation 7740 Sandy Lake Wastewater System River Level I 7.0 5.0 9.0 10.0 6.0 7.1
150 Wabasee- moong Indep- endent Nations 7695 Wabasee- moong Wastewater System River Level II 7.0 3.0 8.0 10.0 6.0 6.3
170 Walpole Island NEW001 ARENA WASTE- WATER SYSTEM River Small System 9.0 8.0 8.0 10.0 10.0 8.8
206 Wapekeka 7728 Wapekeka Wastewater System River Level I 7.0 6.0 8.0 10.0 7.0 7.3
240 Webequie First Nation 7713 Webequie Wastewater System River Level II 5.0 8.0 10.0 1.0 7.0 8.0
140 Mississ- augas of Scugog Island First Nation 0 APARTMENT COMPLEX Sub- surface / Ground Small System 4.0 3.0 8.0 1.0 5.0 4.6
159 Mohawks of Akwesasne 7294 AKWESASNE NO. 59 - Daycare (ARCHIVE) Sub- surface / Ground Level I 5.0 3.0 7.0 6.0 1.0 4.3
138 Chippewas of Georgina Island 0 GEORGINA ISLAND FIRST NATION WASTE- WATER TREATMENT SYSTEM Tile field Small System 5.0 4.0 9.0 10.0 9.0 7.0
166 Chippewas of the Thames First Nation NEW001 ANTLER RIVER SENIORS COMPLEX WWTP Tile field Small System 5.0 4.0 4.0 10.0 1.0 4.2
203 Mishkee- gogamang 0 Teacherage and Nursing Residence Septic System Tile field Small System 4.0 1.0 7.0 1.0 10.0 4.9
123 Saugeen NEW001 SAUGEEN WASTE- WATER SYSTEM Tile field Small System 3.0 5.0 9.0 10.0 6.0 6.3
137 Shawanaga First Nation 0 TEN-PLEX SEPTIC SYSTEM Tile field Small System 3.0 5.0 9.0 10.0 10.0 7.1
242 Aroland 7714 Aroland Wastewater System Wetland Level I 3.0 1.0 9.0 10.0 7.0 5.5
182 Constance Lake 7708 Constance Lake Wastewater System Wetland Level I 2.0 5.0 2.0 1.0 1.0 2.4
218 Dokis NEW001 DOKIS WASTE- WATER TREATMENT SYSTEM Wetland Level I 6.0 2.0 9.0 10.0 10.0 6.9
183 Eabam- etoong First Nation 7709 Eabame- toong Wastewater System Wetland Level I 2.0 6.0 6.0 2.0 1.0 3.8
215 Fort Severn 17014 Fort Severn Wastewater System Wetland Level I 4.0 7.0 10.0 10.0 5.0 7.0
187 Fort William 7737 Fort William First Nation Wastewater System Wetland Level I 4.0 4.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 7.3
212 Kingfisher 7730 Kingfisher Lake Wastewater System Wetland Level I 4.0 7.0 9.0 6.0 7.0 6.8
186 Martin Falls 7715 Marten Falls Wastewater System Wetland Level I 2.0 6.0 8.0 1.0 8.0 5.6
159 Mohawks of Akwesasne NEW001 AKWESASNE CHAPMAN ROAD WETLAND TREATMENT SYSTEM Wetland Level I 6.0 5.0 8.0 4.0 1.0 5.0
159 Mohawks of Akwesasne 7298 Akwesasne Syne RBC/Lagoon Wetland Level I 6.0 6.0 10.0 4.0 1.0 5.8
239 Nesk- antaga First Nation 17015 Neskantaga Wastewater System Wetland Level I 2.0 3.0 6.0 1.0 6.0 3.9
220 Nipissing First Nation NEW001 GARDEN VILLAGE STP Wetland Level II 5.0 1.0 3.0 2.0 1.0 2.4
208 Pikan- gikum 7703 Pikangikum Wastewater System Wetland Level I 4.0 3.0 8.0 10.0 7.0 5.9
132 Seine River First Nation 7723 Seine River Wastewater System Wetland Level I 6.0 4.0 7.0 4.0 1.0 4.5
222 Temagami First Nation 7741 Bear Island Wastewater System Wetland Level I 5.0 2.0 5.0 4.0 4.0 3.9
170 Walpole Island 7698 Walpole Island Residential Wastewater System Wetland Level II 4.0 8.0 9.0 10.0 10.0 8.0

Appendix F - Protocol and Servicing Costs

Table F: Protocol and Servicing Costs (Water & Wastewater Combined)
Band Number - Band Name Community Name Current Population Current Homes Forecast Population Forecast Homes Zone Markup
172 - Aamjiwnaang Sarnia No. 45 925 225 1267 310 0.990
160 - Alderville First Nation Alderville First Nation No. 160 397 237 515 355 1.000
163 - Algonquins of Pikwakanagan Algonquins of Pikwakanagan 513 150 647 194 1.204
153 - Anishinabe of Wauzhushk Onigum Kenora No. 38B 334 104 421 133 0.918
125 - Anishnaabeg of Naongashiing Big Island 187 32 223 41 1.310
242 - Aroland Aroland 359 119 384 127 1.354
143 - Attawapiskat Attawapiskat 1909 280 2356 391 2.656
180 - Aundeck-Omni-Kaning Sucker Creek 403 140 480 178 1.333
198 - Batchewana First Nation Rankin Location No. 15D 847 262 1052 330 1.134
207 - Bearskin Lake Bearskin Lake 428 152 509 192 2.071
141 - Beausoleil Beausoleil 703 238 792 282 1.100
124 - Big Grassy Big Grassy River 290 84 336 99 1.310
197 - Biinjitiwaabik Zaaging Anishinaabek Rocky Bay No. 1 376 84 446 101 1.310
228 - Brunswick House Duck Lake No. 76B 150 40 223 64 1.333
216 - Cat Lake Cat Lake 512 109 607 132 1.548
221 - Chapleau Cree First Nation Chapleau No. 75 98 38 138 58 1.333
229 - Chapleau Ojibway Chapleau No. 74A 32 11 40 15 1.333
138 - Chippewas of Georgina Island Chippewas of Georgina Island First Nation No.138 202 101 268 134 1.100
171 - Chippewas of Kettle and Stony Point Kettle Point No. 44 1320 389 1984 610 1.089
122 - Chippewas of Nawash Cape Croker 877 276 1037 329 1.180
166 - Chippewas of the Thames First Nation Chippewa Of The Thames First Nation No. 42 997 301 1175 360 0.990
182 - Constance Lake Constance Lake 842 249 1055 320 1.220
237 - Deer Lake Deer Lake 968 191 1191 246 1.900
218 - Dokis Dokis No. 9 191 102 208 119 1.333
183 - Eabametoong First Nation Fort Hope 1451 267 1851 367 1.548
148 - Eagle Lake Eagle Lake No. 27 354 100 590 178 0.918
142 - Fort Albany Fort Albany 1210 171 1595 267 2.463
215 - Fort Severn Fort Severn 602 112 785 157 2.518
187 - Fort William Fort William No. 52 820 213 1640 486 1.199
199 - Garden River First Nation Garden River 1320 459 1597 597 1.134
185 - Ginoogaming First Nation Ginoogaming First Nation 208 66 219 69 1.199
149 - Grassy Narrows First Nation English River 917 215 1331 318 1.037
188 - Gull Bay (Kiashke Zaaging Anishinaabek) Gull River No. 55 539 86 650 113 1.310
231 - Henvey Inlet First Nation Henvey Inlet First Nation 195 56 239 70 1.333
162 - Hiawatha First Nation Hiawatha First Nation No.162 257 107 341 149 1.000
154 - Iskatewizaagegan No. 39 Independent First Nation Shoal Lake No. 39A 320 139 352 155 1.003
210 - Kasabonika Lake Kasabonika Lake 930 194 1162 252 2.071
243 - Kashechewan Kashechewan 1600 252 2179 396 2.463
325 - Kee-Way-Win First Nation Kee-Way-Win First Nation 504 82 617 110 1.900
212 - Kingfisher Kingfisher Lake 489 128 588 161 1.900
209 - Kitchenuhmaykoosib Inninuwug Kitchenuhmaykoosib Inninuwug 978 295 1176 361 2.071
127 - Lac La Croix Lac La Croix 307 88 330 95 1.310
205 - Lac Seul Lac Seul No. 28 999 275 1244 356 1.665
184 - Long Lake No.58 First Nation Long Lake No. 58 432 116 542 152 1.199
174 - Magnetawan Magnetawan 103 36 138 53 1.333
186 - Martin Falls Martin Falls First Nation 326 103 378 120 1.548
219 - Matachewan Matachewan No. 72 71 34 89 43 1.333
226 - Mattagami Mattagami No. 71 195 85 305 140 1.333
181 - M'Chigeeng First Nation M'Chigeeng 1023 420 1198 507 1.333
225 - Michipicoten Michipicoten 73 40 108 75 1.239
203 - Mishkeegogamang Osnaburgh No. 63A 179 34 255 53 1.354
203 - Mishkeegogamang Osnaburgh No. 63B 406 101 578 144 1.354
200 - Mississauga Mississagi River No. 8 438 163 488 188 1.239
140 - Mississaugas of Scugog Island First Nation Mississaugas Of Scugog Island First Nation 60 40 84 64 1.000
120 - Mississaugas of the Credit Mississaugas of New Credit 1021 236 1286 302 1.000
159 - Mohawks of Akwesasne Akwesasne 10808 1501 14523 2429 1.069
164 - Mohawks of the Bay of Quinte Tyendinega Mohawk Territory 2502 910 2980 1149 1.000
144 - Moose Cree First Nation Moose Cree First Nation 1870 470 2240 593 2.260
135 - Moose Deer Point Moose Deer Point First Nation 201 77 283 118 1.220
167 - Moravian of the Thames Moravian of the Thames 612 163 783 220 0.990
168 - Munsee-Delaware Nation Munsee-Delaware Nation 191 60 219 69 0.990
213 - Muskrat Dam Lake Muskrat Dam Lake 286 88 298 92 1.900
128 - Naicatchewenin Naicatchewenin First Nation 266 83 322 101 1.310
158 - Naotkamegwanning Whitefish Bay 828 176 996 218 1.003
239 - Neskantaga First Nation Landsdowne House 333 85 402 108 1.729
241 - Nibinamik First Nation Summer Beaver Settlement 368 105 411 119 2.232
129 - Nicickousemenecaning Nicickousemenecaning First Nation 145 40 172 49 1.310
220 - Nipissing First Nation Nipissing First Nation 1121 415 1467 588 1.220
204 - North Caribou Lake North Caribou Lake 834 267 993 320 1.900
238 - North Spirit Lake North Spirit Lake 456 79 689 137 1.900
151 - Northwest Angle No.33 Northwest Angle 234 79 297 110 1.232
152 - Northwest Angle No.37 Lake Of The Woods No. 37 75 24 101 32 1.003
152 - Northwest Angle No.37 Whitefish Bay No. 34A 102 40 138 58 1.003
235 - Obashkaandagaang Rat Portage No. 38A 159 55 203 77 0.918
147 - Ochiichagwebabigoining First Nation Dalles 149 54 174 66 0.918
258 - Ojibway Nation of Saugeen Ojibway Nation Of Saugeen 110 35 125 40 1.354
131 - Ojibways of Onigaming First Nation Sabaskong Bay 518 115 682 156 1.310
192 - Ojibways of the Pic River First Nation Pic River 566 160 681 198 1.310
169 - Oneida Nation of the Thames Oneida 2265 535 2602 619 0.990
191 - Pays Plat First Nation Pays Plat First Nation 75 35 86 40 1.310
146 - Peawanuck Peawanuck 295 70 374 89 2.994
195 - Pic Mobert Pic Mobert 350 118 380 133 1.310
208 - Pikangikum Pikangikum 2348 453 2867 582 1.729
236 - Poplar Hill Poplar Hill First Nation 502 98 655 136 1.729
130 - Rainy River First Nations Rainy River First Nations 478 100 633 138 1.310
193 - Red Rock Lake Helen No. 53A 320 99 412 129 1.310
214 - Sachigo Lake Sachigo Lake 534 165 702 221 2.071
179 - Sagamok Anishnawbek Sagamok First Nation 1576 324 1929 412 1.333
211 - Sandy Lake First Nation Sandy Lake First Nation 2501 400 3254 588 1.900
123 - Saugeen Saugeen 915 301 1136 374 1.100
132 - Seine River First Nation Seine River First Nation 343 80 377 88 1.310
201 - Serpent River First Nation Serpent River First Nation No. 201 396 144 496 194 1.239
137 - Shawanaga First Nation Shawanaga First Nation 245 98 347 149 1.333
176 - Sheguiandah Sheguiandah 171 61 211 81 1.333
178 - Sheshegwaning Sheshegwaning 107 66 117 76 1.333
155 - Shoal Lake No. 40 Shoal Lake No. 40 276 82 328 99 1.232
121 - Six Nations of the Grand River Six Nations of the Grand River 11449 2767 16080 3924 1.000
259 - Slate Falls Nation Slate Falls 153 55 194 75 1.665
133 - Stanjikoming First Nation Stanjikoming First Nation 131 30 194 45 1.310
145 - Taykwa Tagamou Nation New Post 100 24 177 43 1.672
222 - Temagami First Nation Temagami First Nation 316 95 453 140 1.638
202 - Thessalon Thessalon 113 52 146 68 1.239
150 - Wabaseemoong Independent Nations Whitedog 873 197 1011 231 1.037
156 - Wabauskang First Nation Wabauskang First Nation 120 29 208 51 1.037
157 - Wabigoon Lake Ojibway Nation Wabigoon Lake No. 27 194 69 246 95 1.003
233 - Wahgoshig Abitibi No. 70 185 46 275 68 1.333
232 - Wahnapitae Wahnapitae First Nation 74 32 125 57 1.220
134 - Wahta Mohawk Wahta Mohawk Territory 236 79 320 121 1.333
170 - Walpole Island Walpole Island 2201 639 3702 1139 0.990
206 - Wapekeka Wapekeka 439 107 548 134 2.071
136 - Wasauksing First Nation Parry Island First Nation 448 156 526 195 1.220
234 - Wawakapewin Wawakapewin 23 15 42 34 2.071
240 - Webequie First Nation Webequie 712 208 819 243 1.900
224 - Whitefish Lake Whitefish Lake 473 131 623 181 1.220
230 - Whitefish River Whitefish River First Nation 382 178 427 200 1.333
190 - Whitesand Whitesand 444 103 545 128 1.354
175 - Wikwemikong Wikwemikong 3468 1040 4085 1245 1.333
217 - Wunnumin Wunnumin 571 138 687 167 1.900
173 - Zhiibaahaasing First Nation Cockburn Island 94 18 147 31 1.333

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